2020年高考英语语法专项突破训练专题08-非谓语动词(含答案)

专八非语词重点析动词分两种：一、谓语动词；二、非谓语动词。非谓语动词是高考的重点，几乎是每年的必考。追踪这几年高考英语可以发现，主要考查了非谓语动词的一般用法和含义，但是题目的设计注重情景化，结构较为复杂，考生应予以重视，并下大力气掌握非谓语动词的用法。一非语词分、成功一表非谓语形式不定时

构成时态和语态todo,tobedoing,tobetodone,tohavebeen

否定式

复合结构forsb.todosth.

特征和作用具有名词词形容词的作用句中作主语、表语宾语状语补在现在

tohavedoingdoing,

beendonebeingdone,

在动

let,make,see,feel,notice等动词后作宾补时不带to)具有副词、形容词的作用，分词

分词过去

词、分词前havinghavingbeendone+not/neverdone

在句中作定语语语、宾补常在see,find,feel,keep,get,have等词之后分词动名词

doing,having

beingdone,havingbeen

doing

具有名词的作用中作主语、定语、表语、宾语done二作语非语词较情况

常用动词只接不定作宾语的动词或短语只接动名作宾

hope,offer,long,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happenwouldlike,takesteps/measures/actions,makeupmind,trybest,makeeffortstomind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,prevent,keep,avoid,risk,resist,consider语的动词或短语意义基本相同两

feelsucceedin,befondobjectto,getdownbeengagedin,insistthinkof,beproudof,takepridein,about,betiredof,lookforwardto,oneselfworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto,adapttobegin,like,love,hate,prefer,continue接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为)need,want,allow,require动词主动形式是表示被动意义不式则应用被动形式者

意义相反

stopdo停做手中的事，去做另一件事

stopdoing停正在做的事都可

remember/forget/regrettodo(指作尚未发生remember/forget/regretdoing指动

goon接做另外一件事goondoing接着做同一件事以

意义不同

作已经发生trytodo设；努力去做trydoing试做

打做；企图做doing意是；意味着’thelp(to)do不帮忙做candoing忍不/禁不住要做三非语词宾补语区类别

常见动词ask,beg,expect,get,order,want,

与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念

例句Iexpectthemthe不定

wish,接的定)

主谓关系动将发生或已game.式

have,notice,see,watch,hear,feel,let,make,observe,listento(接不带to的

经完成

Iheardhimcallseveraltimes.现在

定式notice,see,watch,hear,keep,have,

主谓关系；强调动作正在进行，Ifoundherlisteningto分词

feel,observe,catch即动和使役尚完成

theradio.过去分词

动词

动宾关系动作已经完成强调状态

Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.四现分和去词用对分类

现在分词

过去分词

例句项目意义

表示主动意义

表示被动意义

Icanhearhimsinging.IcanhearthesunginEnglish.动作

所表示的动作一般在进行中

所表示的动作已完成

ChinaadevelopingcountrywhileAmericaadevelopedone.语义

意思为“令人……”

意思为“感到……”excitingmatch,soweexcited.五特提关于不定式(1)不式作介词宾语时，如前面有实义动词各种形式，不定式不带；否则不能省略。：HedidnothingallthemorningbutTV.一上他啥都没做，就看电视了。Hesaidnothingbuttosleep.他么都没说就睡觉了。(2)不式作定语时不定式与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系不定式的动词是不及物动词，介词不能省略。如：Iwantaroomtolivein.我想住小房间。Ineedatowritewith.我需要一支好用的笔写字。(3)不式作感官动词和部分使役动let,的宾补，动词不定式不带to，但句子变成被动语时，要带。如：Isawhimgointotheroom.→Hewasseenintoroom.我看见他进了房间。关于分词(1)现分词作补语表示动作正在进行，不定式作补语表示动作发生的全过程。如Isawhimwalkingacrossroad.正穿过马我到正在过马路。Isawhimwalkacrossthe看全过程，过了马路了我到他过了马路。(2)及动词的过去分词与在分词的一般被动式done)都有被动意义，者表示动作完成，后者表示动作正在进行。如：Thepicturefixedonthewallwaspresentedfriend.已被订在上了订墙上的画是一个朋友送的。Thepicturebeingfixedonthewallwaspresentedbyafriend.正订在墙上)正在往墙上订的画是一个朋友送的。注：定式有表将来之意。如Thepicturetobefixedonthewallwaspresentedbyafriend.要被订在墙上将订在墙上的画是一个朋友送的。(3)分的独立主格结构果分词短语的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致用个立结保留分词的逻辑主语或由一个with/without引的介词短语表达。如：Timepermitting,wewillanothertwoexercises.时允许，我们将再做两练习。Hisfinished,hepreparedtogohome.=hisworkfinished,hepreparedhome.他准备回家。

完成工作后关于动名词动名词作定语表所修饰词的用途；而现在分词表动作或状态、特征。动名词的复合结构作宾语，动名词的逻辑主语可用宾格代词或不带所有格。但作主语不行。如Domindsmokinghere?你意/汤姆在这儿吸烟吗？smokinghereannoyedhim.我汤在这儿吸烟让他很恼怒。(3)动词作主语还可用于Thereno动名词”结构和布告形式的省略结构中。如：Thereisknowingwhathewilldo不道下一步会做什么。Thereisdenyingfactthatchildrenmoreactive.不否认，小孩子更动。smoking.禁止吸烟。考练一单填每题括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。(1)___________totheleft,andyouseethebus(2)___________totheleft,youwillstop.(turn)(1)___________manytimes,still’tunderstandthequestion.(2)___________theheofroomsadly.(tell)(1)Nothingcouldmakeus___________uphope.(2)madeacandle___________light.(give)(1)Iwant___________yourbag.Youreyeswant___________.Iwanteyes___________thisafternoon.(examine)(1)Whatthewaythought___________moneytobuythenewhouse?(2)Iamthinkingof___________torepairbike.(get)(1)Weallow___________intheofficebecauseofpublichealth.(2)’tallowanyone___________intheofficebecauseofpublichealth.(smoke)(1)brotherenjoysnothingbut___________tomusic.Mybrothernothingdaybut___________tomusic.Mybrotherhadnochoicebut___________tome.(listen)(1)Theteacherraisedhisvoiceordertomakehimself___________.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceinordertomakestudents___________whathesaid.Thechildrentalkedloudlydinnertablethattostruggle___________.(hear)(1)Theproblem___________again.Theproblemisworthy___________again.Theproblemisworthyof___________.(discuss)(1)sap汁液passesrightthroughtheirbodies,___________(get)thickersweeter.(2)Heworkedharderonly___________(fail)again.(1)Noonecanstopus___________questions.(2)stopped___________aschoolboythewayto’(ask)12.(1)___________withmuchtrouble,failedthetasktime.(2)NearlyeverygreatbuildingBeijingwas___________south.(face)13.(1)Theparents’___________nextSaturdayisimportant.The29OlympicGames___________inBeijingwasagreatsuccess.The’meeting___________ourschoolnowisimportant.(hold)14.(1)___________thiscake,youneed2eggs,sugarand175g___________thecake,shegotcookingmilk.Ilostmywaydarknessand,___________mattersworse,torain.15.(1)TheroomissothatI’thelp___________it.Iambusy,soI’thelp___________room.Theroomistoodirty.I’tbut___________it.(clean)16.(1)IknewIbebusytoday,soIhadpaper___________lastnight.Icangowithyou.papers___________.Dohaveanypapers___________,sir?(type)17.(1)With___________,thepresidenthaveahardtime.Withtheproblem___________,hehadagoodsleepnight.Withthesecretary___________theproblem,isreadingthenewspaperleisurelytheoffice.(settle)18.(1)“Isawhim___________oldmanofyuan”saidtothepolice.Hewasseen___________anoldmanofyuaninthestreetyesterday.Unluckily,saw___________anoldaroundthecorner.(cheat)Thefilmwas___________andalluswerevery___________.(disappoint)Atbeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks___________(openandclose)couldbeheardoutsideclassroom.二语填括号中所给词的适当形式填空。____1____inlovewithabeautifulalionwenttoherparentsandthem____2____(marry)hertohim.TheoldparentsdidnotknowwhattoNot____3____(like)theideaofgivingtheirdaughtertothelion,theydidnot____4____(anger)kingofbeasts.Atlastthefathersaid,“Wegladasotherparents____5____(marry)ourdaughtertoyou,butwefearthatyoumightpossiblyhurther.So(remove)yourclawsandteeth,youcanmarryher.____7____(love)veryliontrimmed修剪hisandtookouthisbigteeth.____8____(come)theparentsagain,wassimplylaughedinhisface.____9____(beat)outofthehouse,lion____10____(depress)anddiedsoon.三语填读下面短文在白处填入一个适的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ioftentraveltounusualworkalongsideinterestingpeoplefromalloverthescientific1(collect)aboutvolcanoesismyjob.2myjobisdangerous,Idonbecausedangerexcitesmefeelalivisknown,lavafromvolcanohouseswillbe4burnttoHowever,myjobscientistslavathewillflownextfast,whichcanprotectordinarypeoplepowerfulonthevolcano.IonceMountwasluckylookatfantasticsight.Whenitbrokeout,lavawasfountainedofmetersintoAll9(pass)slowlydowntheandburiedeverythinginpath助词occasionally偶lavan.火山岩浆eruption爆发fantastic不可思议的；壮观的

fountainvt.喷moltenrock熔MountKilauea基韦厄火山beburntthe被成平地四佳欣面短文中多处使用非谓语动词代替状语从句或定语从句的表达，用心体会其用法。WealthandhappinessSomepeoplepreferwealth,thinkingitcanbringhappinesstothem.truethatmostthemtrytoacquirewealthbymeanshonestlabor.Theyandovercomedifficulties.,feelveryand.Intheirview,spendingmoneyisaofhappiness.Butothersdisagree,believingwealthcan’tbringthemhappiness.Forexample,Hearingthatonegetsafortune,thefamilymemberswillcomefromdifferentpartsofthecountrytrytosharethewealthwithhim.Andafterwards,theyquarrelanother,tryingtoshare.Andappearbloodyfightandkilling.Whataterribleresult!Inmyopinion,Ithinkthereisnodoubtthatwealthbringshappiness,especiallyinthemodernsociety.Havingmoney,leadcomfortableandcolorfulweshouldtakea