辽宁省高一下学期期末考试英语试卷附参考答案与解析

第第页辽宁省高一下学期期末考试英语试卷(附参考答案与解析）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Cyclingisconsideredoneofthemostefficientwaystotravelduetoitssmallcarbonfootprint.Manypeoplearehappytorideabikeintheireverydaylife.However,betterinfrastructure(基本设施)andaculturalshiftareneededtoensurethatmorepeoplewillrideabike.Bikekitchensarepartofaworldwidemovementthatcanhelpwithsuchachallenge.Inbikekitchens,tools,usedparts,andrepairassistanceareprovidedtotheirmembers.Theydonatebikesandhavebecomespacesforsocialexchange.Theyalsomakeeffortstoimprovebasicinfrastructure,whichplaysakeyroleinensuringthesafetyandcomfortofcyclistsinareassuchasthedevelopmentofbikelanesandbikeparking.Butthataloneisnotenough.Buildingacyclingculturethatissociallyacceptedtomost,meanshavingsignificantamountsofpeopledevelopingskillsofridingbikes.Cyclinghasvariousbenefits,likepromotingphysicalandmentalhealth.Moreimportantly,theinfrastructureneededforbikesdoesn’trequireahugebudget.Besides,bicyclesarethemostpracticalandsustainablemeansoftravelforshortandmediumdistance,andalsoforrecreationandsport.Therefore,acyclingcultureappearsurgentandsignificant.Forindividualsinmanydevelopedcountries,transportcanbethelargestpartoftheircarbonfootprint.Transportaccountsforaboutone-fifthofglobalcarbondioxide(CO2)emissions.Forshortormediumdistances,bikesareoneofthelowest-carbonwaystotravel.Evenmoreshockingly,usingabikeinsteadofacarforshorttripswouldreduceaperson’stravelemissionsby75percent.Bikekitchensinparticular,extendthelifespanofbikesandtheirparts.Theyhelpbuildacommunityeconomythatpreventswastegeneration,sincemostpartsaresecondhand,fixed,orreused.Eitherthroughthesupplyoftools,parts,workshops,fixingsessions,orbikesforfree,bikekitchensencourageamoresustainablewayoftravelingthatmakescitiesfriendlier,whilestrengtheningcommunityvalues.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbedoneinbikekitchens?A．Exchangingbikes. B．Teachingotherstoridebikes.C．Purchasingthenewparts. D．Developingridingskills.2．Whatdoestheauthorwanttostressinthetext?A．Cyclingisasustainablewaytotravel.B．Transportisstillachallengingproblem.C．Everyoneshouldhaveaneco-friendlytravel.D．Bikesarealsosuitableforalongdistancetravel.3．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsbikekitchensaccordingtothetext?A．Critical. B．Doubtful. C．Positive. D．Grateful.4．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Bikekitchensreducepeople’stravelinfluences.B．Bikekitchensarehelpingboostcyclingculture.C．Bikekitchensaregainingpopularityintheworld.D．Bikekitchensmakecyclingaccessibletoeveryone.Manyyearsago,whenIwasinhighschoolandworkingweekendstopayfortheextras—likeaclasstrip,thatmyfamilycouldn’treallyafford,Ilostmywallet.Oneday,myoldcarrequiredputtinggasintheback.Ipaidanddroveoff,mywalletslippingoutofmypocket.Ihadn’tevenhadtimetomissitwhenamanphonedandaskedmeifIhadlostmywallet.Icheckeditandtomyhorror,Ihad.Heaskedmetotellhimhowmuchmoneywasinit.Hethentoldmewheretopickupmywallet.AsIpulledintohisdriveway,Inoticedhisdisabledvanandtheramp(坡道)goinguptothehouse.Iwasthinkingthatthereisnowaythismaneasilygotmywallet.Hehadtopulloverhisvan,getinhiswheelchair,lowerthelift,andthenpickitup.Iwasjustastonished.Iknockedonthedoorandheletmein.Ithankedhimlike10times.Iwasstuck,though.WhileIdidn’twanttoinsult(冒犯)himbyofferingmoney,Ireallyfeltlikeofferingsomething.SoIaskedhimiftherewasanythingIcoulddotorepayhiskindness,andhesaid“Justpassmykindnesson”.IsaidIwouldbecertaintodothat,asIwasraisedtobehonestonanyaccount.Iwantedtorepayhiskindness,soIwholeheartedlypromised.Well,onedoesnotfindmanywalletsandsoitwasabout10yearslaterthatIfoundone.Ittookmeseveraldaystotrackdownthemantowhomthewalletbelonged.Helivedinanotherstate.Ihatedgoingthroughhiswallet,butIfinallylocatedhimthroughabusinesscardhehadinit.Hewasactuallysurprisedhismoneywasstillinthewalletandhetriedtohandmea$20.Itoldhim“Thanks,butjustpassmykindnesson”.5．Howdidthefindermakesurethewalletbelongedtotheauthor?A．Hephonedthegasstation. B．Hecheckedtheamountofmoney.C．Hewentthroughthewallet. D．Heaskedwherethewalletwaslost.6．Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenherealizedthefinder’sbeingdisabled?A．Satisfied. B．Shocked. C．Delighted. D．Horrified.7．Whatdidtheauthordotothankthedisabledmaninparagraph4?A．Heacceptedtheman’sproposal. B．Hehandedthemansomemoney.C．Hepassedtheman’skindnesson. D．Heputthemoneyintoanaccount.8．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthetext?A．Kindnesscanbepassedon. B．Finderskeepers,losersweepers.C．Kindnesslivesinourheart. D．Onegoodturndeservesanother.SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceansadjustclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.Oceansareestimatedtohaveabsorbedmorethan90%oftheextraheattrappedintheEarth’satmospherebyhuman-causedgreenhousegases.Swotwillscantheseasandpreciselymeasurefinedifferencesinsurfaceelevations(高度)aroundsmallercurrentsandeddies(漩涡),wheremuchoftheoceans’decreaseofheatandcarbonisbelievedtooccur.“Studyingthemechanismwillhelpclimatescientistsanswerakeyquestion:Whatistheturningpointatwhichoceansstartreleasing,ratherthanabsorbing,hugeamountsofheatbackintotheatmosphereandspeedupglobalwarming,ratherthanlimitingit,”saidNadyaShiffer,Swot’sprogramscientist.Bycomparison,earlierstudiesofwaterbodiesreliedondataofriversoroceanstakenatspecificpoints,orfromsatellitesthatcanonlytrackmeasurementsalongaone-dimensionalline,requiringscientiststofillindatagapsthroughextrapolation(外推法).Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.“Ratherthangivingusalineofelevations,it’sgivingusamapofelevations,andthat’sjustatotalgamechanger,”saidTamlinPavelsky,Swotfreshwaterscienceleader.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedexpression“vitalresource”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Technology. B．Climate. C．Oceans. D．Water.10．WhatisthemajormissionofSwotsatellite?A．Toidentifywhenglobalwarmingisworsened.B．ToexplorewhereoceansabsorbheatandCO2.C．Tostudyhowoceansinfluenceclimatechange.D．Toexplainwhygreenhousegascomesintobeing.11．WhatmakesitpossibleforSwottomeasureprecisely?A．Thehigh-definitioncomputer. B．Advancedradartechnology.C．Thethree-dimensionalimage. D．Anaccuratemapofelevations.12．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ASolutiontoClimateChange. B．ABreakthroughinSpaceTravel.C．SuccessfulLaunchofSwotSatellite. D．FirstGlobalWaterSurveyfromSpace.Haveyoueverconsideredthewayyouspendyourmoney?Whatdoyoubuy?Whendoyoubuy?Itisimportanttouseyourmoneywisely.Then,youwillhaveenoughforthethingsyouwant.Youcanmakesmartdecisionsaboutyourmoney.Allittakesissomecareful,smartthinking.Onewaytobesmartwithyourmoneyistoshoparoundbeforeyoubuy.Visitmorethanonestore,checkthepricesateachstore,andtrynottobeinahurrytobuy.Youdon’thavetobuyatthefirststoreyouvisit;anotherstoremighthavewhatyouwantatalowerprice.Youcanevencheckonlineandcompareprices.Anotherwaytobesmartwithyourmoneyistowaitforasale.Manystoresofferspecialdiscounts.Forexample,supposeyouwanttobuyacamera.Waituntilastorehasasale.Youcansave20percent,30percent,ormoreonthepriceofthecamerabywaitingforasale.Somestoresalsoofferadiscountifyoubuymorethanoneofanitem.So,lookforsalesofferingalowerpriceperitemifyoubuytwoofthatitem.Youcouldsavemoney.Youcanalsouseyourmoneywiselybybuyinglargersizesofthings.Forexample,largebagsofdogfoodusuallycostlessperpoundthansmallbagscost.Alargepackofpensusuallycostslessperpenthanasmallpackofpens.So,eventhoughyoumayspendmoreonalargesize,youarereallysavingmoneyperitem.Youcanlearntobesmartwithyourmoney.Ittakessomepractice,andittakespatience.Youcannotalwayshavewhatyouwantrightaway.Butifyouarepatient,youwillsavemoney.Then,youwillhavemoremoneytospendonwhatyouwant.13．Whichisonewaytosavemoney?A．Bywaitingforsales. B．Byshoppingatonlyonestore.C．Byshoppinginahurry. D．Bybuyingsmallpackagesofthings.14．Whatisthewriter’sopinion?A．Beingcarefulwithmoneyiswise. B．Itisnotimportanttosavemoney.C．Comparingpricestakescarefulthinking. D．Itisn’tagoodideatoshoponline.15．Whichwordbestdescribesthepeoplewhoaresmartwiththeirmoney?A．Mean. B．Patient. C．Wealthy. D．Lazy.16．Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshareapersonalstory. B．Toexplainhowtodosomething.C．Tointroducethethingsonsale. D．Toshowhowtogetsomewhere.二、七选五In2004,atsunami(海啸)aroundtheIndianOceankilledatleast25000peopleacrossadozencountries.Thehugedeathwasinpartcausedbythefactthatmanycommunitiesreceivednowarming.17Yetintheminutesandhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimalsseemedtosensethecomingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickensabandonedlow-lyingnestingareas.18.Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspiredsomeresearcherstodevoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhichcanpredicttheupcomingnaturaldisasters.Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbeforeanearthquake.19Justtwoweeksbeforetheearthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations(扰动)happenedinlocalatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofourminutes.ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuchclosertotheground–specifically,snakes.“20”JiangWeisong,thedirectoroftheorganizationsaid.“Whenanearthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.”21.Andeveniftheydohelp,animalmovementsaloneareunlikelytobeenoughtoprovide.Peoplewillneedtorelyonacombinationofearlywarningsignalstogetthefullpicture.A．EvendogsrefusedtogooutdoorsB．SnakesareperhapsthemostsensitivecreaturestoearthquakesC．LocalmanmadeearlywarningsystemsfailedtoraiseanyclearalarmD．SomeanimalswillmakenoisetotellthehumanbeingsoftheaccidentE．AndscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocalanimalbehaviorF．FinallyweshouldmakefulluseoftheanimalearlywarningsystemsinscientificresearchG．Notallexpertsthinkthatanimalearlywarningsystemsareareliableoptionforpredictingdisasters三、完形填空A23-year-oldwomanjustsetarecordforthefastestsolorowacrosstheAtlantic.DepartingfromtheCanaryIslands,Paynerowed59days,beforearrivinginAntigua.The22achievementwasmadeforacharity.Morethan$14,200wasraisedtohelppeople23.ThechallengewasdescribedasoneofthehardestonesonEarth.No24wasallowed—allnecessitiesmustbebroughtalong.Butshewas25enoughtokeepgoingwithoutextrahelp.Thelast8mileswasreally26forPayne.Itwasthatpointwheresheknewshecouldn’tgiveupandthatshehadto27it.Although8mileswas28inthegreatplanof3,000miles,itfeltlikesomeofthelongestforher.However,hunger,lackofsleepandthetestofbodyandmindwere29bysightingfantasticsealifeand30thebeautyofthesunriseandsunset.Sothe31wasworthwhile.Paynerowed15hoursperdayaloneintheAtlanticOceanwithstrongwinds.“Inthelastweek,IthoughtIwasn’tgoingtobreaka32atallbecausethewinddroppedandIwasgoingnowhere,”shesaid.“TherewasonedaywhenIrowed33for18hours,butIonlyrowedlessthan10miles.Thatwaspretty34.Icouldjustfeeltheracerecordslippingaway.”ButfinallyPayne35itwithastrongwill.ShereceivedthecheersofthecrowdwhenapproachingAntigua.Shecouldhearthe36fromherfamilyandfriendswaitingforher.22．A．remarkable B．artistic C．common D．industrial23．A．forfun B．forsale C．incharge D．inneed24．A．error B．destination C．support D．profit25．A．strong B．tense C．ordinary D．generous26．A．free B．tough C．smooth D．brief27．A．measure B．finish C．celebrate D．extend28．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing29．A．interrupted B．matched C．balanced D．worsened30．A．describing B．affecting C．imagining D．appreciating31．A．struggle B．failure C．foundation D．tracking32．A．container B．commitment C．reform D．record33．A．globally B．carelessly C．determinedly D．instantly34．A．disappointing B．rewarding C．harmless D．formal35．A．lost B．deserted C．made D．refused36．A．regret B．screams C．permission D．complaints四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Doyoulikeeatinginsects?Inthepastdecade,insects37(become)afamiliarsightondinnertables.Onereasonisthatpeopleareconcernedabouttheenvironment.Traditionallivestockfarmingisharmful38theenvironmentasitisgenerallyunsustainable.Raisinginsectsismuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Onekilogramofinsectproteinneedsabout10percentofthefeed,waterandlandusedtoproducethesameamountofbeef.39(expert)sayfarminginsectsisbetterfortheenvironmentthanraisinglivestock.40reasonwhywemayhavetoeatinsectsisthattheworld'spopulationisincreasing41(rapid).By2050thisisexpected42(be)9.8billion,upfromthecurrent7.7billion.Theinsectfarmingindustryisgrowingquickly.Therearehundredsofcompaniesworldwidecreatingmeals43(make)frominsects.TherearestoresinTokyo,Japan,44youcanpurchaseacanofinsectsnacks.Themenuincludesdriedtarantulasandscorpions.However,noteveryoneis45(excite)bytheideaofinsectsasfood.46Israeliinsectfarmer,DrorTamir,said,“MaybeIwillfindinsectstastysomeday,butnotrightnow.”五、其他应用文47．假定你是李华，最近，你在英语学习上遇到一些困难。请给你的英国朋友Alex写一封邮件，向他求助。内容包括：1、你的困难；2、寻求帮助注意：1、词数80左右；2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearAlex,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua六、读后续写48．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Onewinter,myfatherpersuadedmymothertoagreewithhisplantotakeustogoicefishing,thinkingthiswouldbringbackagreatexperience,eventhoughwemightnotcatchanyfish.Mymotherwasagainsthisideaatfirstbecauseshewasfrightenedofthethoughtthatsomeonemightfallintothewaterinsuchfreezingweather.Butshehadtogiveinfinally.Aftermakingallthepreparations,myparents,mybrotherandItookourfishinghouseandsetoff.Togettothedestination,wehadtocrosstheMississippiRiverandgoupalargehill.Butwestillexcitedlyheadedforourdestination,knowingtherewouldbemuchexcitementwaitingforus.Ourfavoritefishingspotwasacrossthelake.Ourfishinghousewaslargeenoughtoallowthefourofustofishatthesametime.Wemanagedtofindasuitableplaceforicefishing,wheremydadcoulddrillholesthroughtheice.Wesatshouldertoshoulderincomfort.Youmightthinkicefishingwouldbecold,butwehadasmallstoveinside.Evenwhenthetemperaturestayedbelowzerowecouldfishwithoutcoatson.Thedaypassedwithamixofquiettimeandfamilychatter.Wetalkedaboutfish,musicandnewssometimes.Andofcourse,wesharedfishingadvicesuchaswaitingpatientlyandstayingcalmwhilefishing.Dadwastheonethatcaughtthemostfishamongus,sohetaughtuswhentopulltheline,methodsofattachingthefishfood,thedenthehookandmore.MybrotherandIalsotookbreaksandexploredthesnowandicenearthefishinghouse.Wefoundmanyinterestingshapesintheice.Whereverthesnowwasn’ttoodeep,I'dtryskiing.Iexactlyknewitwouldscarethefishundertheiceaway,soItriedmybestnottomakeanyloudsound.However,whileIwasskiingontheice,Iheardasoundofcrack（破裂）coming.注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph1Hearingthis,Iscreamedandtriedtostopbutjustcouldn’tbecauseIwasskiingsofast.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2Havingreturnedtoourfishinghouse,myparentswerestillfeelingscared.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案与解析1．D2．A3．C4．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了全球正在兴起的自行车厨房热，自行车厨房的建立有助于骑行文化的推广，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。1．细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Buildingacyclingculturethatissociallyacceptedtomost,meanshavingsignificantamountsofpeopledevelopingskillsofridingbikes.”(建立一个被大多数人接受的自行车文化，意味着有大量的人开发骑自行车的技能。)可知，骑行文化的建立可以让许多人提升自己的车技。故选D项。2．推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句和倒数第一句的“Forshortormediumdistances,bikesareoneofthelowest-carbonwaystotravel.Evenmoreshockingly,usingabikeinsteadofacarforshorttripswouldreduceaperson’stravelemissionsby75percent.”(对于短距离或中距离，自行车是最低碳的旅行方式之一。更令人震惊的是，在短途旅行中使用自行车而不是汽车可以减少75%的排放量。)和最后一段最后一句的“Eitherthroughthesupplyoftools,parts,workshops,fixingsessions,orbikesforfree,bikekitchensencourageamoresustainablewayoftravelingthatmakescitiesfriendlier,whilestrengtheningcommunityvalues.”(无论是通过提供工具、零部件、车间、修理会议，还是免费自行车，自行车厨房都鼓励以更可持续的方式旅行，使城市更友好，同时加强社区价值观。)可判断，作者在文章中重点强调骑自行车是一种非常低碳、可持续的出行方式。故选A项。3．推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Eitherthroughthesupplyoftools,parts,workshops,fixingsessions,orbikesforfree,bikekitchensencourageamoresustainablewayoftravelingthatmakescitiesfriendlier,whilestrengtheningcommunityvalues.”(无论是通过提供工具、零部件、车间、修理会议，还是免费自行车，自行车厨房都鼓励以更可持续的方式旅行，使城市更友好，同时加强社区价值观。)可知，作者非常赞同和支持自行车厨房。故选C项。4．主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是自行车厨房的益处很多，但最关键的一点是可以推广骑行文化，从而让更多人爱上骑自行车。B项“自行车厨房正在帮助推广自行车文化。”最能概括文章大意。故选B项。5．B6．B7．A8．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，多年前作者钱包丢失，好心人捡到归还作者，作者答应善意传递下去，十年后作者捡到别人钱包，把善意传递下去了。5．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Ihadn’tevenhadtimetomissitwhenamanphonedandaskedmeifIhadlostmywallet.Icheckeditandtomyhorror,Ihad.Heaskedmetotellhimhowmuchmoneywasinit.Hethentoldmewheretopickupmywallet.(我还没来得及发觉钱包丢失，就有一个男人打电话问我钱包丢了吗。我检查了一下，令我恐惧的是，我钱包丢了。他让我告诉他里面有多少钱。然后他告诉我在哪里取钱包)”可知，通过向作者核对了钱包里钱的数额，捡钱包的人确定钱包属于作者，才会让作者取回钱包。故选B项。6．细节理解题。由第三段中的“Hehadtopulloverhisvan,getinhiswheelchair,lowerthelift,andthenpickitup.Iwasjustastonished.(他不得不把车停在路边，坐上轮椅，放下升降板，然后把它捡起来。我只是感到惊讶)”可知，当作者意识到捡钱包的人是残疾人时，作者感到惊讶。故选B项。7．细节理解题。由第四段中的“SoIaskedhimiftherewasanythingIcoulddotorepayhiskindness,andhesaid“Justpassmykindnesson”.IsaidIwouldbecertaintodothat,asIwasraisedtobehonestonanyaccount.Iwantedtorepayhiskindness,soIwholeheartedlypromised.(所以我问他我能不能做些什么来回报他的好意，他说“把我的好意传下去”。我说过我一定会这么做，因为我从小就被培养成诚实的人。我想报答他的好意，所以我全心全意地答应了)”可知，通过接受了捡钱包的人的提议“把好意传下去”，作者来感谢这个残疾的捡钱包的人。故选A项。8．推理判断题。由第四段中的“SoIaskedhimiftherewasanythingIcoulddotorepayhiskindness,andhesaid“Justpassmykindnesson”.IsaidIwouldbecertaintodothat,asIwasraisedtobehonestonanyaccount.Iwantedtorepayhiskindness,soIwholeheartedlypromised.(所以我问他我能不能做些什么来回报他的好意，他说“把我的好意传下去”。我说过我一定会这么做，因为我从小就被培养成诚实的人。我想报答他的好意，所以我全心全意地答应了)”和最后一段中的“Itoldhim“Thanks,butjustpassmykindnesson”.(我对他说：“谢谢，但把我的善意传递下去”)”及全文其它内容可知，文章讲述了，多年前作者钱包丢失，好心人捡到归还作者，作者答应善意传递下去，十年后作者捡到别人钱包，把善意传递下去了，可得出善良是可以传递的。故选A项。9．D10．C11．B12．D【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。9．词句猜测题。根据画线短语下文“Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.(通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”和画线短语所在句子“SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的vitalresource进行全面调查。)”可知，Swot卫星通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据，然后对这些水资源进行调查，由此可推知，画线短语“vitalresource”指的是下文提到的“water(水)”，故选D。10．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themajormissionistoexplorehowoceansadjustclimatechangebyabsorbingatmosphericheatandcarbondioxideinanaturalprocess.(其主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化。)”可知，Swot卫星的主要任务是探索海洋如何通过自然过程吸收大气热量和二氧化碳来调节气候变化，即研究海洋如何影响气候变化。故选C。11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thankstotheradarinstrument,SwotcanscanthroughcloudcoveranddarknessoverwiderangesoftheEarth.Thisenablesscientiststoaccuratelymaptheirobservationsintwodimensionsregardlessofweatherortimeofdayandtocoverlargegeographicareasfarmorequicklythanwaspreviouslypossible.(多亏了雷达仪器，Swot可以在地球的大范围内扫描云层和黑暗。这使得科学家能够精确地绘制二维地图，无论天气如何，无论何时，覆盖大面积地理区域的速度比以前快得多。)”可知，先进的雷达技术使得Swot能够精确测量，故选B。12．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“SwotsatelliteisscheduledtobelaunchedThursdaymorningtoconductacomprehensivesurveyofEarth’svitalresource.Byusingadvancedmicrowaveradartechnologyitwillcollectheight-surfacemeasurementsofoceans,lakesandriversinhigh-definitiondetailover90%oftheglobe.It’sreallythefirsttimetoobservenearlyallwaterontheplanet’ssurface.(Swot卫星计划于周四上午发射，对地球的重要资源进行全面调查。通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这真的是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。)”可知，文章主要介绍了计划于周四上午发射的Swot卫星，通过使用先进的微波雷达技术，它将收集全球90%以上的海洋、湖泊和河流的高清晰度表面测量数据。这是第一次观察到地球表面几乎所有的水。由此可推知D项“第一次对全球的水进行调查。”适合做文章标题，故选D。13．A14．A15．B16．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章阐述了明智使用金钱的重要性，同时介绍了几种在购物时能省钱的方法。13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Anotherwaytobesmartwithyourmoneyistowaitforasale.Manystoresofferspecialdiscounts.Forexample,supposeyouwanttobuyacamera.Waituntilastorehasasale.Youcansave20percent,30percent,ormoreonthepriceofthecamerabywaitingforasale.(另一种聪明的理财方法是等待打折。许多商店提供特别折扣。例如，假设你想买一台相机。等到商店大减价的时候。通过等待打折你可以节省20%，30%，或更多的价格)”可知一种省钱的方式是等待商店打折时再去购买商品。故选A项。14．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Itisimportanttouseyourmoneywisely.Then,youwillhaveenoughforthethingsyouwant.Youcanmakesmartdecisionsaboutyourmoney.Allittakesissomecareful,smartthinking.(明智地使用你的钱是很重要的。然后，你将拥有足够的钱来购买你想要的东西。你可以对你的钱做出明智的决定。所需要的只是一些谨慎、聪明的想法。)”可知作者认为明智地使用金钱是很重要的，也提出了一些谨慎、聪明用钱的想法，故作者认为谨慎对待金钱是很重要很明智的。故选A项。15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Youcanlearntobesmartwithyourmoney.Ittakessomepractice,andittakespatience.Youcannotalwayshavewhatyouwantrightaway.Butifyouarepatient,youwillsavemoney.(你可以学会聪明地使用你的钱。需要一些练习，而且需要耐心。你不可能总是马上得到你想要的。但是如果你有耐心，你就会省钱。)”可知要想学会聪明地使用自己的钱，必须要有耐心，因为这个不是一蹴而就的；故推知那些能聪明使用自己钱的人都是比较有耐心的。故选B项。16．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Itisimportanttouseyourmoneywisely.Then,youwillhaveenoughforthethingsyouwant.Youcanmakesmartdecisionsaboutyourmoney.Allittakesissomecareful,smartthinking.(明智地使用你的钱是很重要的。然后，你将拥有足够的钱来购买你想要的东西。你可以对你的钱做出明智的决定。所需要的只是一些谨慎、聪明的想法。)”和下文可知全文讲述的是如何在买东西的时候能省钱，并给出了几种购物时省钱的方法；故作者的写作意图就是在向我们阐明如何在购物时省钱，即解释如何做某事。故选B项。17．C18．A19．E20．B21．G【导语】这是一篇说明文。在发生自然灾害时，动物会出现一些异常行为进行预警，我们应该关注动物发出的灾害警告。17．设空处位于段末，上文主要讲了印度洋发生的海啸造成了重大损失，下文第二段首句“Yetintheminutesandhoursbeforethewallsofwaterupto9mhighwentthroughcoastlines,someanimalsseemedtosensethecomingdangerandmakeeffortstoflee.”出现转折，提到了灾难爆发前，一些动物感觉到了危险，由此可知上文段末句应与本句对应，与“动物预警”对应的应该是“人的预警”。C项“Localmanmadeearlywarningsystemsfailedtoraiseanyclearalarm.(当地的人工预警系统未能发出清晰的警报。)”一方面与上文提到的灾难对应，另一方面“manmadeearlywarningsystem”与下文的“animalsseemedtosensethecomingdanger”对应。故选C项。18．上文“Elephantsranforhigherground,andchickensabandonedlow-lyingnestingareas.”提到了大象和鸡在灾难发生前的反应；下文“Theseaccountsaboutanimalbehaviorbeforedisastershaveinspiredsomeresearcherstodevoteseriousscientificattentiontothetheorythatanimalsmayhaveinbuiltsystemswhichcanpredicttheupcomingnaturaldisasters.”提到了这些动物在灾难发生前的行为引起了研究人员的关注，属于总结性的话语，由此可推知，中间还提到一类动物的反应。A项“Evendogsrefusedtogooutdoors.(就连狗也不愿出门。)”恰好与上文存在递进关系。故选A项。19．上文“Theresearchersfoundevidencethatthefarmanimalsbegantochangetheirbehaviorupto20hoursbeforeanearthquake.”提到了研究人员发现地震前一些家畜会出现异常行为。下文“Justtwoweeksbeforetheearthquake,aseriesofstrongperturbations(扰动)happenedinlocalatmosphericelectricchargeseverytwotofourminutes.”提到了地震发生前两周，当地大气电荷每两到四分钟就会发生强烈扰动，这是在分析动物行为异常的原因，故前后之间需要一个过渡句。E项“Andscientistsalsofoundwhatmightleadtothechangesinlocalanimalbehavior.(科学家们还发现了可能导致当地动物行为变化的原因。)”中的“Andscientistsalsofound”与上文“scientistsfound”对应，“whatmightleadtothechanges”与下文的内容对应。故选E项。20．上文“ChinahasalreadycreatedaQuakeAlertsysteminNanning,monitoringthebehaviorofanimalsmuchclosertotheground–specifically,snakes.”提到了中国建立了地震预警系统，监测动物，尤其是蛇的行为；下文“Whenanearthquakeisabouttooccur,snakeswillmoveoutoftheirnests,eveninwinter.”提到了蛇在地震发生前的特殊行为；由此可知，设空处还是在谈与蛇有关的事。B项“Snakesareperhapsthemostsensitivecreaturestoearthquakes.(蛇可能是对地震最敏感的生物。)”与上下文对应。故选B项。21．设空处位于段首，