科研方法与论文写作-6市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖课件

复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所科研方法与论文写作1/17研究结果及其表述

卢宝荣教授第六讲2/17怎样撰写文章结果

Results!Why,man,Ihavegottenalotofresults,Iknowseveralthousandthingsthatwon’twork.--ThomasA.Edison3/17The“Results”isthecoreofthepaperTheresultsaredatafromtheexperimentTheresultsaresummarizeddatafromtheexperiment,presentedbytext,tables,figures,graphs,andphotos4/17Thecontentoftheresults

Twoingredients:Givenanoveralldescriptionoftheexperiment,providing“bigpicture”withoutrepeatingtheexperimentaldetailsPresentthe“data”fromdifferentpartsoftheexperiments5/17Howtopresentdata?Thesimpletransferof“raw”datafromnotebooksisnotrightPresentrepresentativedataPresentpre-digesteddataPresentdatainaneffectiveandinterestingway6/17Remember:Ifyoutrytoincludeeverything,youwillhavenotingintheresult!“Thefoolcollectsfacts,thewisemanselectsthem”7/17AfewmorethingstonoteHowtohandlenumber:SmallamountofdatacoulddescribedinthetextRepetitivedatashouldbegivenintables,figuresorgraphsDatashouldbemeaningfulStatetheconditionunderwhichyouobtainedtheresults8/17StriveforclarityTheresultsshouldshortandsweetwithoutverbiage

TheResultspartismost

importantpart,butitisoftenshortestTheResultsmustbeclearly&simplystated,becauseitcontainsthenewknowledgeYourcontributiontotheworld9/17StriveforclarityTheearlierpartsofthepaper(Introduction,M&M)aredesignedtotellwhyandhowyougottheresultsThelaterpartofthepaper(Discussion)isdesignedtotellwhattheymeanThewholepapermuststandonthebasisoftheResultsTheResultsmustbepresentedwithcrystalclarity10/17AvoidredundancyThemostcommonfaultistherepetitioninwordsofwhatisalreadyshowedinTables&FiguresEvenworseisactualpresentation,inthetext,ofallandmanydatashowninTs&FsDon’tbeverboseincitingFs&Ts,e.g.“ItisclearlyshowninTable1thatwildriceisofgreatdiversityinChina”“Wildriceisofgreatdiversity(Table1)inChina”11/17HeadingsintheResultsII.PCRproductsandelectrophoresisAgreatgeneticvariationofwasdetectedbyelectrophoresisof…(Table1)…III.VariationpatternsStatisticanalysisshowthat……I.Aneffect