专业英语 Unit 22教案学习资料

UnitTwentyTwoCaseHistoryA19yearwhitemanwasexaminedbecauseofill"definedpaininallofhisteeth.CURRENTILLNESS-Thepatientsaidthathehadgeneralizedpainofaproxysmalnatureinallofhisteethbutprimarilyinhismandibularteeth.Thepainwassointensethatitpreventedhimfromsleepingatnight.Theinitialonsetofthefacialpainwasthreemonthsbeforetheexamination.Thepatientalsooccasionallyhadintermittentandrecurringpreauricularpaintherewasnohistoryoffacialswellingorasymmetry.Previously,therehadbeenepisodesofsevereabdominalpainandarchingofthearmsandlegs.Thepaininthepatient'slegswasmuchworsewhenhewalked.MEDICALHISTORY-thepatienthadhadtheusualchildhooddisease;hehadhadnoseriousinjures,noallergies,andwasnottakinganymedicationotherthananonnarcoticanalgesicoccasionally.Whilehewasinahospitalfortreatmentofpneumoniaattheageof10,anobstructionofthelowersegmentofthelefturethraandhydronephrosisontheleftsidewasdiagnosed.Whenhewasbetweentheageof10and15heunderwentaseriesofurologyproceduretocorrecttheobstruction;finally,anephrectomywasontheleftside.Chronicpyelonephritisandhydronephrosisontherightsidedevelopedsubsequently.Thepatientalsohadbenignhepatomegalyandbilateralconductivelossofhearing.FAMILYHISTORY-thepatientwasoneofninechildren,noneofwhomhadsimilarmanifestation.Bothparentswereingoodhealth.PHYSICALEXAMINATION-Thepatientwasaslenderpersonwhoappearedyoungerthan19yearsofage.Hisvitalsignswereasfollows:bloodpressure,104/68;pulserate,80withregularrhythmandintensity;respiration,16/min;andtemperature,99ºF,orally.Hewas5feetlinchtallandweighted95lb.Thepatient'sheadwasslightlydolichocephalicandappeareddisproportionatelylarge.Therewerereddish–purplemacularlesionsinvolvingthelowlipandtheskinbetweenthechinandlowlip.Thefacewasextremelypale.Facialhairwasthinandsoftintexture,givingtheimpressionthatthepatientdidnotshave.Thevoicewashighpitched.Theeyeshadtortuous,engorgedveinsattheperipheryofthecornea.Therewerenoapparentcornealabnormalitiesonslit-lampexamination;therewasnoevidenceofabnormalitiesofthelenses.Thepupilswereround,equal,andreactiontolightandaccommodation.Theextraocularmovementswereintact.Thefundusdemonstratedtortuousretinalveinswithevidenceofarteriovenousnicking.Thediskwasflat,yellowishincolor(thesamecolorasthesurroundingretina),andwithoutdistinctboards,whichmadethemdifficulttodistinguish.Thedentalarcheswereextremelywidewithaveryshallowmaxillarypalatalvault.Theteethweresmallandwidespaced;someteethwereincompletelyeruptedandrotated.Thebucculmucosa,tongue,floorofthemouth,andpalatalmocosawerewithoutabnormalities.Theleftmaxillarylateralincisorwascongenitallymissing.Thepatienthadhadextensiverestorativedentistry.Hisoralhygienewassuboptimalwithageneralized,moderatemarginalgingivitis.Thepatienthadminimalcariouslesions.Hehadseveremalocclusionwithverylittletoothcontact.Otherresultsoftheexaminationoftheheadandneckwerewithinnormallimits.Thechestwasdecreasedinsizebutwasequallyexpandablebilaterally.Thelungswerecleartopercussionandauscultation.Auscultationoftheheartdisclosedaregularrhythmwithoutevidenceofrub,gallop,ormurmur;thepluseswereequalandstrongbilaterallyintheextremitiesandtrunk.Therewasadiffuse,bilaterallysymmetricaldistributionoflesionsoverthelowerportionoftheabdomen,thegroin,andthescrotalarea;thelesionsweresimilartothoseontheface.Thereseemedtobeaslight,contenderenlargementoftheliver.Allotheraspectsoftheabdominalexaminationwerewithinnormallimits.Thepalmsofthehandswereexceptionallypaleandtherewasevidenceofvascularlesionssimilartothoseonthebody.Neurologicalexaminationofthepatientdisclosednoabnormalities.Panoramicradiographicexaminationdisclosedbilateralmaxillaryfourthmolarsandsixmandibularpremolarsbilateralwithevidenceofperiapicalpathologiccondition.Thedevelopmentoftheuneruptedteethwasconsiderabledelayed.Thereweresixincompletelyeruptedandimpactedteethinthemaxillaadmandible.Cephalometricradiographicanalysisshowedthatthepatient’sfacialgrowthwasnormal.Thesellaturcicaappearedenlarged(itmeasured1.5×1.2cm)onalateralcephalometricradiograph.Thecalvariaappearedthickerthannormal.VOCABULARYl.paroxysmal阵发的，发作的2.mandibular下颌(骨)的3.intermittent间歇的4.preauricular耳前的5.asymmetry不对称6.episodes发作7.aching疼痛的8.abdominal腹(部)的9.injury伤，损伤10.allergy变应性，变态反应ll.nonnarcotic①非麻醉的②非麻醉药12.analgesic①止痛的②止痛剂13.pneumonia肺炎14.urethra输尿管15.hydronephrosis肾盂积水16.urology泌尿科学17.nephrectomy肾切除术18.pyelonephritis肾盂肾炎19.hepatomegaly肝大20.rhythm节律21.dolichocephalic长头的22.macular斑〔点〕的23.tortuous纤曲的24.engorged充盈的，充血的25.periphery外周[部〕，周围〔部〕26.cornea角膜27.split-lamp裂隙灯28.lenses晶状体(1ens)30.extraocular眼外的31.fundus底，基底32.retinal视网膜的33.nicking局部血管缩窄34.disks盘，板35.maxillary上颌的，上颅骨的36.palatal腭的37.vault弯窿38.buccal颊的39.mucosa粘膜40.incisor切牙41.restorative修复的42.gingivitis龈炎43.carious龋的44.malocclusion错合45.rub摩擦46.gallop奔马律47.murmur杂音48.extremities肢,端49.trunk躯干，干50.groin腹股沟51.scrotal阴囊的52.neurological神经病学的53.panoramic曲面体层的54.radiographic放射照相的55.molar磨牙56.premolar前磨牙57.periapical根尖周的58.impacted阻生的(牙)59.cephalometrlc头测量法的60.sellaturcica蝶鞍61.calvaria颅盖EpidemiologicsurveyofdentopathiescausedbytetracyclineinaprimaryschoolinTianjinMedicalworkershadpaidimpairmentofteethbytetracycline.465schoolchildreninTianjinwereexaminedforthispurpose.It’srecognizedthatthisdiseasewaswidespreadamongchildren.Theprevalencerate01thisdiseaseisabout78.06%.Theetiology,mechanism,influentialfactors,diagnosisandtheclassificationofthediseasewerediscussed.Thefollowingconclusionhastobeemphasized:Theknowledgeofthisdiseasemustbepopularized;Tetracyclineoughttobeavoidedduringandbeforetheageof7yearsold;Preventivemeasuresmustbetakenpromptly.AmodelforlymphedemainrabbitearsAsimpleinexpensivemethodtoproduceexperimentalmodelforlymphedemainrabbitearisdescribed.Inforty-sevenoffiftyrabbitears,measurementofearthickness,waterdisplacement,skinthickness,diameteroflymphaticsandhistopathologyoftheexperimentalearcandemonstratethelymphedema.Threerabbitearsfailedbecauseoftechnicalreasons.Instudyingthefindingsofexperimentallymphedema,someclinicalphenomenaareexplainedandmodificationsofoperativeprocedureofmicrolymphatico-venousanastomosisfortreatinglymphedemaaresuggested.ThedetectionofhumanrotavirusbyrapidimmuneelectronmicroscopyThepositiverateofhumanrotavirusinfeceswassignificantlyincreasedwhendetectedbyrapidimmuneelectronmicroscopy(RIEM)thanbydirectelectronmicroscopy(EM).In89cases,78%werepositivebyRIEMand60.7%byEM.Itshouldbenotedthat20/35EmnegativecasesshowedpositivebyRIEM.Atotalof83.6%positiveratecanbeachievedwhenRIEMandEMwereusedincombination.Onlyverysmallamountofantigenandantibodywereusedandneedednotultracentrifugationinthisprocedure.Thismethodissimple,rapid,sensitiveandspecific,andabletodifferentiatethevirusbyitsmorphologyinthediagnosisofvirusgastroenteritis.Secondaryhyperparatbyroidism:Reportof5casesFivecases(2weremalesand3females)ofsecondaryhyperparathyroidismwerereported.Theirmeanagewas22.6years(16-45)andanaveragecourseofthediseasewas12years(2-25).Ofthesepatients,3casesaresecondarytohypophosphatemicvitaminDresistantrickets.1casewithhypophosphatemicVitaminD-dependentosteomalaciaandlcasewithchronicrenalosteodystrophy.Fourcas