贵州省毕节市2025届高三下学期第四次适应性考试英语试题（含答案）

第第页贵州省毕节市2025届高三下学期第四次适应性考试英语试题一、阅读理解ATropicalEscapeonCoralIslandRelaxation&AdventurePackageWhyCoralIsland?Nestledinthetropicalocean,CoralIslandisaparadise.Itscrystal-clearwatersarerichincolorfulcoralreefsanddiversemarinelife.Palm-linedsandybeachesofferaperfectspottorelax.Therainforest,covering60%oftheisland,ishometotheuniquebird—CoralIslandFinch.Freefromurbannoise,itexudesalaid-backatmosphere.Withactivitiesforallages,suchassnorkelingandforesthikes,there'ssomethingforeveryone.Onland,youcanjoinguidedrainforesthikesorvillagetours.WhattoDo?Onthefirstday,we'llgreetyouattheairportandtakeyoutoyouraccommodation.Intheevening,enjoyawelcomedinner.Onthesecondday,youcanchoosebetweensnorkelinginthemorningorgoingonaforesthike,thenrelaxorplaybeachvolleyballintheafternoon.Three-dayguestscheckoutafterafinalswimondaythree.Five-dayguestscanexplorethevillage,trywindsurfing,andcontinuediscoveringfromdayfourtofive.AccommodationChoices?Wecatertoeverybudget.OurBeachfrontBungalowsarelocatedrightonthebeach.Theycomeequippedwithairconditioners,privatebaths,andfeatureocean-viewbalconies.OurInlandCabins,nestledinnature,arebudget-friendly.Theyaresurroundedbythenaturalbeautyoftheislandandhavenearbysharedbathrooms.Theindividualpriceisasfollows:Fora3-daystay:BeachfrontBungalow:$1,200,InlandCabin:$600Fora5-daystay:BeachfrontBungalow:$1,800,InlandCabin:$900(A50%discountappliesforthoseunder18yearsold.)Thepricescoveryouraccommodation,threedailymeals,andmostactivities.However,somespecializedwatersportsmaycostextra.IfthistropicalescapeonCoralIslandhaswonyourheart,don'thesitate!Clickheretoregisterandembarkonanunforgettableadventure.1．WhatcanbefoundintherainforestofCoralIsland?A．CoralIslandFinch. B．Variousmarinelife.C．Colorfulcoralreefs. D．Palm-linedsandybeaches.2．WhatisthecharacteristicofBeachfrontBungalow?A．Theyaremoreaffordable.B．Theyhavesharedbathrooms.C．Theyarelocatedintherainforest.D．Theyhaveocean-viewbalconies.3．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．TodescribethegeographyofCoralIsland.B．TopromoteatravelpackagetoCoralIsland.C．TodiscussactivitiesonCoralIsland.D．ToprovideahistoryofCoralIsland.二、阅读理解BMyuncleGeorgelivesinahomewithafewotherpeoplelikehim.Hehasamentaldisability.Heisfondoflivinglikethat—nosmartphones,nointernet—socommunicationislimitedtoin-personvisitsandold-schoollandlinephonecalls.Inthepast,Georgewouldaskformyphonenumber,writeitdown,andcallrepeatedlyuntilhelostthepaper.Sixyearsago,hefinallymemorizedit.Nowadays,hecallsmeabout10timesadayfrom7a.m.to7p.m.everydaywithoutfail,butImayansweronlytwoofthosecalls.OurconversationsfollowoneofthreefantasyscenesGeorgecreates.Sometimeshe'smydadscoldingmeformymistakes.Othertimes,he'sMajorCharlesWinchesterfromaplayMASH,andI'mCaptainB.J.Hunnicutt.Orwe'rebothlifeguardsplanningarescue.HealwaystellsmeI'mthebestguyheknows,andIreplyhiminthesimilarway.HealwaysaskswhatI'meatingfordinner,orifI'mwatchingtheMetsgame,andwrapsuptellingmehe'llcallmebackataspecifictime.However,healwayscallsbackearlier.Thesecallshavebeenaconstantinmylifeforyears.Nomatterwhat'shappeningintheworldorhowI'mfeeling,theyprovideasenseofstability.Duringbreakupsorprofessionalsetbacks,theyofferanescape,lettingmelaughandfeellikeakidagain.Georgedoesn'tunderstandmyadultlife,butthatdoesn'tmatter.Hebringsenergy,loveandacceptanceeverytimehecalls.It'sagiftthathelpsmethroughtoughtimes.EvenwhenIfeellikeI'mdrowning,IknowIcancountonUncleGeorgetocallandtellmeI'mthebestguyheknows.Thissimpleactoflovemakesabigdifferenceinmylifeeveryday.4．WhatdoweknowaboutGeorge'slifestyle?A．Heishighlydependentontechnology.B．Heenjoysasimplelifewithoutmoderndevices.C．Heprefersamodernanddigitallifestyle.D．Heisnotinterestedincommunicatingwithothers.5．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGeorge?A．Independentandstrict. B．Forgetfulanddistant.C．Talkativeandloving. D．Modernandoutgoing.6．HowdothecallsfromGeorgebenefitthewriter?A．Theyofferemotionalsupportandrelieffromstress.B．Theyactasawaytolearnabouttheoutsideworld.C．Theycreateopportunitiesforsocialnetworking.D．Theyprovideachancetodiscussadultlife.7．Whatisasuitabletitleforthepassage?A．Thelifestyleofmyuncle.B．Thecharmingartoncommunication.C．Theuniquelovefromroutinecalls.D．Thefamilybondinsociety.三、阅读理解CSnoring(打鼾)issomethingnearlyhalfofadultshavebeenexperiencing.Whileoftenjustaminorannoyance,itcansometimesindicatesleepapnea(睡眠呼吸暂停),aseriousbreathingdisorder.IntheU.S,around10%ofadults,approximately30millionindividuals,havesleepapnea,andglobally,thenumberreachesaboutabillion.Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA),isthemostprevalenttype,whichcaneasilybefoundamongthoseindividuals.Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA)occurswhenthroatmusclesover-relaxduringsleep,narrowingorclosingtheairway.Thisleadstosnoring,shallowbreathing,andpausesinbreathing,followedbygaspingforair.Suchdisruptedbreathingatnightpreventsthebrainfromgettingnecessaryoxygenandresultsinthebody'sgettinginadequatesleep.Ageandweightarealsotheriskfactorsforsleepapnea,butanyone,regardlessofageorbodysize,candevelopit.Otherriskfactorsincludesmoking,havingathickneckornarrowthroat,familyhistory,alcoholorsedativeuse,andcertainmedicalconditionslikeheartorkidneyfailureandendocrinedisorders.Formildcasesinoverweightindividuals,lifestylechangescansometimeseasesleepapnea,likeimprovingdietandswitchingsleeppositions.Whenpatientsareinhospital,themostcommonoptionisaCPAPmachine,whichisamasktopreventthethroatfromcollapsing.OtheroptionsincludedifferenttypesofPAPmachines,oralappliancesmadebycertifieddentists,andsurgeries.Researchersareexploringnewmeasures,whichhaveshowneffectivenessinhealingsleepapneaandareunderFDAconsideration.Othertrialsareevaluatingnewdrugsanddevelopingdevicestostimulatetonguemusclesduringthedayforbetternighttimefunction.Withmanyoptionsavailable,nooneshouldmissoutagoodnight'ssleepduetosleepapnea.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"prevalent"inparagraph1mean?A．Complicated. B．Serious. C．Common. D．Deadly.9．WhatisthedirectcauseofOSA?A．Smokinganddrinkinghabit. B．Familyhistoryofapnea.C．Heartorkidneyissues. D．Over-relaxedthroatmuscles.10．Whichofthefollowingmaybeattheleastriskofsleepappea?A．Ayoungnon-smokerwithacold. B．Ateenagerwithanarrowthroat.C．Afatoldmanwithregulardrinks. D．Ayoungwomanwithfamilyhistory.11．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Thecausesofsleepapnea. B．Thetreatmentsforsleepappea.C．Thesymptomsofsleepapnea. D．Theoptionsforsleepapnea.四、阅读理解DInculturesacrosstheglobe,toyshavebeenusedtoeducatechildrenabouttheirsocialnormsandvalues.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatthetypeoftoysprovidedtochildrenmayhavehadfar-reachingconsequences,potentiallyevencontributingtothedeclineoftheNorsesettlerswhomigratedfromIcelandtoGreenland.TheNorseestablishedtheirsettlementsinGreenlandin985andkeptrichandstrongforseveralcenturies,onlytoabandonthelandby1400.Insharpcontrast,theInuitpeople,whoarrivedaround1000,managedtosurvivelongaftertheNorsehaddeparted.Thisstrikingdifferencehasarousedarchaeologists'interestfordecades.Onehypothesis(假设)isthattheNorsefailedtoaddmoreseafoodtotheirdietasagriculturalconditionsfellworse.Yet,dentalstudiesindicatethattheNorsedidturntomarineresourcesfornutrition.WhilearchaeologistsagreethattheInuitadaptedsuccessfullytotheirenvironmentandtheNorsedidnot,theunderlyingreasonshaveremainedunknown.Recently,aresearchontoysdiscoveredthismystery.Researcherscarefullyexaminedtoysfrombothcultures.TheirfindingsrevealedthattheInuitchildrennotonlyhadmoretoysavailabletothem,butalsothesetoysweremorediverse.Mostimportantly,itwasfoundthatthedifferencesinthenumberanddiversityoftoyshadgrowngreatlyovertime.Astheyearswentby,innovativetoysassociatedwithhuntingatseabecamemorecommonamongtheInuit,buttheNorsecontinuedtogivetheirchildrentraditionalfiguresofhorsesandbirds.Infact,theresearcherssaidtheNorsewereadaptingtheirlivestotheirnewenvironmentbutcontinuingtogiftold-fashionedtoys.ThoughthelackoftoysmayindicatethattheNorsewerelesscreativefromthestart,theresearchersarguethattheirtendencytogiveirrelevanttoysledtoanyinitiallackofcreativityandultimatelyreducedtheirchancesofsurvival.Incontrast,theInuit'spreferencefordiverseandrelevanttoyspavedthewayfortheirchildrentobemoreinnovativeandadaptive.Thisservesasareminderofthefar-reachingimpactwhichculturalartifactscanhaveonsocialadaptation.Alessonforparentsifevertherewasone.12．What'sthefunctionoftoysincultures?A．Todisplaythewealthofsettlers. B．Toserveasaneducationaltool.C．Toofferchildhoodentertainment. D．Toeducatechildrenaboutmaths.13．Whatmaycausearchaeologists'interest?A．Thedifferenceintheadaptationtoseafood.B．Thedifferentmarineresourcesfornutrition.C．Thedifferenttoysofthetwocultures.D．Thedifferenceinthesurvivaloftwocultures.14．Inwhataspectsdidthetoysmainlydifferintwocultures?A．Thediversityandadaptability. B．Thedurabilityandsafety.C．Thenumbersandcolors. D．Thefunctionandimportance.15．Whatlessoncanparentsdrawfromthestudy?A．Parentsshouldlimitthenumberanddiversityoftoys.B．Traditionaltoysarealwaysthebestoptionforchildren.C．Thechoiceoftoyscaninfluencechildren'screativity.D．Parentsshouldavoidtoysrelatedtohuntingorseathemes.五、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TipsforFindingOurLifePurposeSomepeoplehavespentmostoftheirlifeandprofessionalcareerwonderingwhatlifepurposemeansand,moreimportantly,howonefindsandfulfillsit.16．HereiswhatIhavelearnedsofaralongtheway.17．Forwhateverreason,weallfeelpassionateaboutcertainthingsinlife.Inordertoliveourlifepurpose,wemustbecomecompletelyabsorbedinwhateveritis,whichmeansitmustbesomethingwearepassionateabout.Otherwise,wewillbeforcedtodosomethingthatultimatelymakesusmiserableandangry,inwhichcaseitwillbeimpossibletoperformatthehighestlevel.Dowhatmakesushappy.Realizingourlifepurposewillundoubtedlybringusjoyandasenseofpersonalfulfillment.Askaroomfulofpeoplewhatthemeaningoflifeisandmostanswerswillcomebacktohappiness.18．Theansweristhatweshouldbecommittedtolivinginpursuitofourlifepurpose.Focusonwhatwecancontrol.IfthereisonelessonIhavelearnedrepeatedlyinmylife,itisthatthereisonlyonethingwecancontrol:effort.Nomatterhowhardwetry,nomatterhowmuchouractionsmaybebasedonintendedorexpectedoutcomes,weabsolutelycan'tcontroltheresultsofouractions.19．Embraceourcreativity.20．Thosetwocomponents,originalityandvalue,makeupthedefinitionofcreativity.Ofcourse,whenwefocusoncultivatingourtalentsanddevoteourselvestowhatwearepassionateabout,creativitycomeseasily.A.Pursueourpassions.B.Followourinnervoice.C.Allthatwecandoinlifeismakeeveryeffort.D.Manyofuswonderhowwecangethappiness.E.Asforme,ithasbeenalongjourneygettingtothispoint.F.Whatwecandoinlifeistoaccepttheconsequencepassively.G.Wecanproducesomethingthatisbothoriginalandofvaluetotheworld.六、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Onceayear,BannisterclimbstoHighRockLookout,aviewpointnearAshford,Washington.LastAugust,Bannister,then79,wentonherown,figuringdespitethetrail'ssteepnessand21．,she'dbefinebecauseshe'sa/an22．hiker.Assheheadedbackdown,herfootgotcaughtinaholeintheground,causingherto23．andbreakherleg.HearingBannister'scryingoutfor24．,strangersapproachedandcalled911.Theyweretoldrescuewould25．inatleastfivehours.Luckily,ayoungmanTroywithhisfriendLaytonofferedtotakethe26．womantothebottomofthetrail.Troycarriedherformostofthenearlythree-hourjourneyandLaytoncarriedhimforthe27．.Others28．aswell.Shortlyintothehike,Troygotblistersonthebottomofone29．.Amanonthetrailsawthe30．andgaveTroyhisshoes,thencontinuedoninhissocks.AcouplebandagedBannister'sfootanddidbreathingexerciseswithherto31．her.Duringthelonghikedown,herrescuerssharedstoriesandaskedBannisteraboutherownlifeto32．herfromthemountingpain.Oncetheyreachedtheparkinglot,Bannisterwasquickly33．totheTacomaGeneralHospital.Duringherrecovery,therescuers34．Bannisterseveraltimes.Shefeltadeepsenseof35．andbelievedtheywouldremainfriendsforever.21．A．depth B．difficulty C．width D．quietness22．A．outgoing B．dependent C．experienced D．famous23．A．fall B．sit C．jump D．stay24．A．pain B．safety C．chance D．help25．A．arrive B．send C．get D．need26．A．injured B．frightened C．surprised D．disappointed27．A．balance B．rest C．section D．company28．A．tookout B．gaveout C．helpedout D．broughtout29．A．leg B．hand C．back D．foot30．A．hole B．location C．situation D．challenge31．A．amuse B．calm C．observe D．cure32．A．prevent B．discourage C．stop D．relieve33．A．pushed B．forced C．driven D．demanded34．A．taught B．missed C．restored D．visited35．A．happiness B．gratitude C．regret D．motivation七、第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chineseopera,auniquemixofmusic,danceanddialogue,isakeyelementoftraditionalChineseperformingarts,datingbacktotheZhouDynasty.Overtime,it36．(develop)intoavarietyoflocalstyles,eachwithitsowndistinctivecharm.PekingOpera,37．cameintobeingintheQingDynasty,isthemostwell-knownform.It'sfamous38．itsstylizedmovements,complexfacialmakeup,anddistinctivevocalstyle.Also,TeochewOperafromGuangdongprovince,39．(regard)asamostpopularwayofentertainmentwithgracefulsingingandlivelyperformances,oftenpresentinglocallegendsandhistoricalevents.Chineseoperaiscrucialforpreservingculturalvaluesandtraditions.Itsstories,often40．(inspire)byhistoricaleventsandfolktales,exploreuniversalthemeslikelove,loyaltyandpurity.TheLegendoftheWhiteSnakeamongthemisaclassicalexample,41．(tell)thelovestorybetweenBaiSuzhenandXuXian.Intermsofitsvisualstorytelling,costumesandmakeupareofgreatsignificance.Forinstance,redsymbolizesloyaltyand42．(brave)whilewhiterepresentscheatandtrick.Thoughrootedintradition,Chineseoperaisalsointegratedwithmodernelements.43．(attract)contemporaryaudiences,adaptationscombinetraditionalelementswithnewthemesand44．(technology)suchasmultimediaandspecialeffects.Thisenduringartformcontinuestodevelop,reflectingChina'srichculturalheritageandsocialchanges.As45．linkbetweenthepastandthepresent,ChineseoperaisstilladynamicandvitalpartofChina'sculturallandscape.八、写作第一节（满分15分）46．假定你是李华，上周六参加了你校举办的"保护大自然从我做起"英文手抄报设计大赛。请你给美国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：1.作品简介；2.你的感想。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearTom,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua九、第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。IfirstthoughtaboutbecomingapolicemanwhenIwas41/2yearsold.Onmyfirstdayofschool,myteacher,Mrs.Seetookmebythehand,andinvitedmetoenteraworldthatwouldultimatelyseemereachagoalsetduringthoseearlyyears.AlthoughIlovedartandmusic,itwasa6-inchwoodentoyfigurethatimpactedmethemostthosefirstfewmonths.Eachday,astheresttimearrived,Mrs.Seeaskedeachofustopickupasmallmatandplaceitonthefloor.Wewerethentoldtoliedown,closeoureyes,andrest.Asthenoisediedaway,weweretoldthat,afterresting,wewouldhaveanopportunitytoplaywiththelargewoodenblocksandwoodendoll-likefiguresthatsatonalongshelfagainstthebackwall.Irememberedeyeingtheblocksanddolls,andwhenIdid,Iimmediatelynoticedsomethingthatcaughtmyattention.Itwasabeautifullycraftedfigurewhosearmsandlegsweremovable,andithadapainted-onbrightblueuniformwithapoliceman'sbadgeonitschest.WhenIfirstsawthatdollontheshelf,IknewthatIhadtogetitfirst.So,whentheresttimeended,Irushedstraighttothewoodenfiguresandgrabbedthepoliceman!Holdinghiminmyhands,IsomehowknewthatherepresentedwhatIwantedtobewhenIgrewup!Astheyearspassed,Ineverlostsightofmygoal.WhenthetimearrivedandIwasqualifiedtobegintestingfortheLosAngelesPoliceDepartment,Ieagerlybegantheprocess.Ieasilypassedthewrittenexaminationandscoredhighontheoralinterview.However,whenitcametothephysicalexamination,Ihitaroadblock.Notlongaftermyphysicalexamination,IreceivedaletteradvisingmethatIwasovertheweightlimitandthereforedisqualifiedfromemploymentonthedepartment.Theletterfurtheradvisedmethatmyconditioncouldbeimproved.注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Armedwiththatinformation,Ibegantoloseenoughweight.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Aftertwomonthsofregularexerciseanddieting,Iagainappearedforaphysicalexamination.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

答案解析部分【答案】1．A2．D3．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一篇关于珊瑚岛（CoralIsland）热带度假套餐的宣传文案，重点推介该岛作为放松与冒险兼具的旅游胜地。

【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．细节理解题。根据WhyCoralIsland?部分中的"Therainforest,covering60%oftheisland,ishometotheuniquebird—CoralIslandFinch."热带雨林覆盖了岛上60%的面积，是一种独特的鸟类——珊瑚岛雀的家园。可知，珊瑚岛的雨林里有珊瑚岛雀。故选A。2．细节理解题。根据AccommodationChoices?部分中的"OurBeachfrontBungalowsarelocatedrightonthebeach.Theycomeequippedwithairconditioners,privatebaths,andfeatureocean-viewbalconies."我们的海滨平房坐落在海滩上。它们配备了空调，私人浴室，并设有海景阳台。可知，海滨平房的特点是有海景阳台。故选D。3．推理判断题。根据本文题目"TropicalEscapeonCoralIslandRelaxation&AdventurePackage"珊瑚岛上的热带之旅；休闲探险套餐，可知，本文介绍了一个去珊瑚岛旅行的套餐情况。可此推知，本文的主要目的是推销去珊瑚岛的旅游套餐。故选B。【答案】4．B5．C6．A7．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者与患有智力障碍的叔叔George之间独特的日常通话，展现了跨越常规沟通方式的深厚亲情。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。4．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Heisfondoflivinglikethat—nosmartphones,nointernet—socommunicationislimitedtoin-personvisitsandold-schoollandlinephonecalls."他喜欢那样的生活——没有智能手机，没有互联网——所以交流仅限于面对面拜访和老式的固定电话通话。可知，乔治喜欢没有现代设备的简单生活。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据第二段中的"Nowadays,hecallsmeabout10timesadayfrom7a.m.to7p.m.everydaywithoutfail"如今，他每天从早上7点到晚上7点，每天都会给我打大约10次电话，从不间断；以及"HealwaystellsmeI'mthebestguyheknows,andIreplyhiminthesimilarway."他总是告诉我我是他认识的最棒的人，我也以同样的方式回应他。可知，George很健谈，并且充满了爱心。故选C。6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Duringbreakupsorprofessionalsetbacks,theyofferanescape,lettingmelaughandfeellikeakidagain."在分手或事业受挫时，这些电话让我得以逃避，让我再次开怀大笑，感觉像个孩子。可知，George的电话为作者提供了情感支持，缓解了压力。故选A。7．标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的"Hebringsenergy,loveandacceptanceeverytimehecalls.It'sagiftthathelpsmethroughtoughtimes."他每次打电话都带来活力、爱和接纳。这是一份帮助我度过艰难时期的礼物。可知，本文讲述了乔治日常打来的电话中蕴含的独特的爱。"日常电话中的独特爱"能概括本文主旨，适合作本文标题。故选C。【答案】8．C9．D10．A11．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA），指出近半数成年人受打鼾困扰，其中OSA作为最常见的类型，因咽喉肌肉松弛导致气道阻塞，引发呼吸暂停、血氧不足及睡眠质量下降等健康问题。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的"Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA),isthemostprevalenttype,whichcaneasilybefoundamongthoseindividuals."梗阻性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是最prevalent的类型，在这些人群中很容易发现；并结合"easilybefound"可知，此处指OSA是最常见的类型。划线词prevalent的意思是"常见的"。故选C。9．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"Obstructive(梗阻性)sleepapnea(OSA)occurswhenthroatmusclesover-relaxduringsleep,narrowingorclosingtheairway."梗阻性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）发生在睡眠时喉咙肌肉过度放松，导致气道变窄或关闭。可知，OSA的直接原因是喉咙肌肉过度放松。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据第三段"Ageandweightarealsotheriskfactorsforsleepapnea,butanyone,regardlessofageorbodysize,candevelopit.Otherriskfactorsincludesmoking,havingathickneckornarrowthroat,familyhistory,alcoholorsedativeuse,andcertainmedicalconditionslikeheartorkidneyfailureandendocrinedisorders."年龄和体重也是引发睡眠呼吸暂停的风险因素，但任何人，无论年龄或体型如何，都有可能患上这种疾病。其他风险因素包括吸烟、颈部粗短或喉咙狭窄、家族病史、饮酒或使用镇静剂，以及某些疾病（如心脏或肾脏衰竭、内分泌失调）。结合选项可知："一个年轻的非吸烟者感冒了"无年龄、体重、吸烟、家族史等风险因素，感冒非核心风险因素，风险因素最少。故选A。11．段落大意题。根据最后一段"Formildcasesinoverweightindividuals,lifestylechangescansometimeseasesleepapnea,likeimprovingdietandswitchingsleeppositions.Whenpatientsareinhospital,themostcommonoptionisaCPAPmachine,whichisamasktopreventthethroatfromcollapsing.OtheroptionsincludedifferenttypesofPAPmachines,oralappliancesmadebycertifieddentists,andsurgeries.Researchersareexploringnewmeasures,whichhaveshowneffectivenessinhealingsleepapneaandareunderFDAconsideration.Othertrialsareevaluatingnewdrugsanddevelopingdevicestostimulatetonguemusclesduringthedayforbetternighttimefunction.Withmanyoptionsavailable,nooneshouldmissoutagoodnight'ssleepduetosleepapnea."对于轻度超重的人来说，改变生活方式有时可以缓解睡眠呼吸暂停，比如改善饮食和改变睡眠姿势。当病人住院时，最常见的选择是CPAP机器，这是一个防止喉咙塌陷的口罩。其他选择包括不同类型的PAP机器，由认证牙医制作的口腔用具和手术。研究人员正在探索新的措施，这些措施已经显示出治疗睡眠呼吸暂停的有效性，并正在FDA的考虑中。其他试验正在评估新药，并开发在白天刺激舌头肌肉以改善夜间功能的设备。有了很多选择，任何人都不应该因为睡眠呼吸暂停而错过一个美好的夜晚。可知，本段围绕睡眠呼吸暂停的治疗方式展开。故选B。【答案】12．B13．D14．A15．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对比格陵兰岛北欧定居者与因纽特人的玩具文化差异，揭示玩具对儿童创造力培养及社会适应能力的深远影响。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

12．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Inculturesacrosstheglobe,toyshavebeenusedtoeducatechildrenabouttheirsocialnormsandvalues."在全球的文化中，玩具一直被用来教育孩子们了解他们的社会规范和价值观。可知，在文化中玩具的功能是作为一种教育工具。故选B。13．细节理解题。根据第二段中"TheNorseestablishedtheirsettlementsinGreenlandin985andkeptrichandstrongforseveralcenturies,onlytoabandonthelandby1400.Insharpcontrast,theInuitpeople,whoarrivedaround1000,managedtosurvivelongaftertheNorsehaddeparted.Thisstrikingdifferencehasarousedarchaeologists'interestfordecades."挪威人于985年在格陵兰岛建立了定居点，并繁荣强盛了几个世纪，到1400年却放弃了这片土地。与之形成鲜明对比的是，大约在1000年左右到来的因纽特人，在挪威人离开后很久仍设法生存了下来。这种显著的差异几十年来一直引起考古学家的兴趣。可知，两种文化在生存情况上的差异可能引起了考古学家的兴趣。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据第三段中的"TheirfindingsrevealedthattheInuitchildrennotonlyhadmoretoysavailabletothem,butalsothesetoysweremorediverse.Mostimportantly,itwasfoundthatthedifferencesinthenumberanddiversityoftoyshadgrowngreatlyovertime.Astheyearswentby,innovativetoysassociatedwithhuntingatseabecamemorecommonamongtheInuit,buttheNorsecontinuedtogivetheirchildrentraditionalfiguresofhorsesandbirds."他们的研究结果显示，因纽特儿童不仅拥有更多的玩具，而且这些玩具更加多样化。最重要的是，人们发现随着时间的推移，玩具在数量和多样性上的差异变得越来越大。随着岁月的流逝，与海上狩猎相关的创新玩具在因纽特人中变得越来越普遍，但挪威人仍然给他们的孩子传统的马和鸟的玩偶。可知，两种文化的玩具主要在多样性和适应性方面存在差异。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据第四段中的"ThoughthelackoftoysmayindicatethattheNorsewerelesscreativefromthestart,theresearchersarguethattheirtendencytogiveirrelevanttoysledtoanyinitiallackofcreativityandultimatelyreducedtheirchancesofsurvival.Incontrast,theInuit'spreferencefordiverseandrelevanttoyspavedthewayfortheirchildrentobemoreinnovativeandadaptive."虽然玩具的缺乏可能表明挪威人从一开始就缺乏创造力，但研究人员认为，他们倾向于给孩子不相关的玩具导致了最初的创造力不足，并最终降低了他们的生存机会。相比之下，因纽特人对多样化且相关玩具的偏好为他们的孩子更具创新和适应能力铺平了道路。可知，研究发现，挪威人给孩子不相关的玩具导致了孩子最初的创造力不足，而因纽特人对多样化且相关玩具的偏好为他们的孩子更具创新和适应能力铺平了道路。可推知，父母可以从这项研究中学到玩具的选择会影响孩子的创造力。故选C。【答案】16．E；17．A；18．D；19．C；20．G【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，就"如何寻找人生目标"展开，提出四大核心建议——追随热爱之事（以激情驱动人生目标）、做让自己快乐的事（将幸福作为人生意义的基石）、专注可控之事（强调努力而非结果的重要性）、拥抱创造力（通过原创与价值输出实现自我价值），并指出这些实践需以自我探索为前提，最终帮助读者明确人生方向并获得深层满足感。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。

16．根据空前"Somepeoplehavespentmostoftheirlifeandprofessionalcareerwonderingwhatlifepurposemeansand,moreimportantly,howonefindsandfulfillsit."有些人一生和职业生涯的大部分时间都在思考人生目标的意义，更重要的是，如何找到并实现它；以及空后"HereiswhatIhavelearnedsofaralongtheway."这是到目前为止我在这一路上所学到的。可知，此处应该是在描述作者对于寻找人生目标的个人经历或感受，E.Asforme,ithasbeenalongjourneygettingtothispoint."对我来说，达到这一点是一个漫长的旅程"承接上文，符合语境，故选E。17．根据空后"Forwhateverreason,weallfeelpassionateaboutcertainthingsinlife."无论出于什么原因，我们都对生活中的某些事情充满热情。可知，此处应该是在建议我们要追求自己的激情，A.Pursueourpassions."追求我们的激情"可引出下文，符合语境，故选A。18．根据空前"Askaroomfulofpeoplewhatthemeaningoflifeisandmostanswerswillcomebacktohappiness."问一屋子人生命的意义是什么，大多数答案都会回到幸福上；以及空后"Theansweristhatweshouldbecommittedtolivinginpursuitofourlifepurpose."答案是我们应该致力于追求我们的人生目标。可知，此处应描述人们对于如何获得幸福的困惑，D.Manyofuswonderhowwecangethappiness."我们中的许多人都想知道