2026年陕西省西安市七年级语文中考二模高频考点诊断卷（聚焦文言文断句翻译与古诗鉴赏含答案详解与评分标准）S657A

2026年陕西省西安市七年级语文中考二模高频考点诊断卷（聚焦文言文断句翻译与古诗鉴赏，含答案详解与评分标准）S657A姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________2026年陕西省西安市七年级语文中考二模高频考点诊断卷（聚焦文言文断句翻译与古诗鉴赏，含答案详解与评分标准）S657A适用对象：陕西省西安市七年级第二轮质量诊断复习考试时间：120分钟满分：120分学校________________________________班级________________________________姓名________________________________考号________________________________答题说明1.本卷分试卷正文和参考答案与解析两部分。答题时请先完成试卷正文，答案部分另页呈现。2.选择题每题只有一个正确选项；非选择题须写出关键理由、句意理解或答题步骤。3.文言文断句题只在指定位置断开，不增删文字；翻译题要做到关键词准确、句意通顺。4.古诗鉴赏题应从意象、炼字、表现手法和情感四个角度有序作答。5.作文书写工整，卷面整洁，严禁出现真实校名、人名等可识别信息。

2026年陕西省西安市七年级语文中考二模高频考点诊断卷（聚焦文言文断句翻译与古诗鉴赏，含答案详解与评分标准）S657A学校：__________班级：__________姓名：__________考号：__________考试时间：120分钟满分：120分注意事项：本卷共17题，题号连续。请将选择题答案填入答题栏，非选择题在相应位置作答。选择题答题栏题号1410答案试卷正文一、积累与运用（5题，共20分）1.下列各组词语中，加点字读音、字形和成语使用全都正确的一项是（3分）A.亘古（gèng）镶嵌慷慨淋漓这段话写得锋芒必露，令人印象深刻。B.戛然而止（jiá）震憾语无伦次课堂上人声鼎沸，老师的讲解清晰可闻。C.愧怍（zuò）斑斓深恶痛疾他对敷衍作业的行为深恶痛疾。D.锲而不舍（qì）烦躁妇儒皆知西安城墙的历史文化价值妇儒皆知。答：__________2.古诗文默写。（6分，每空1分）（1）独坐幽篁里，____________________。（2）____________________，明月来相照。（3）草树知春不久归，____________________。（4）____________________，凭君传语报平安。（5）万里赴戎机，____________________。（6）杨花榆荚无才思，____________________。3.解释下列句中加点词的意思。（4分，每小题1分）（1）蒙辞以军中多务辞：____________________（2）及鲁肃过寻阳及：____________________（3）但当涉猎但：____________________（4）即更刮目相待更：____________________4.下列关于文言断句和翻译方法的判断，不恰当的一项是（3分）A.断句时可先找句末语气词，如“也”“矣”“乎”，再判断前后语意是否完整。B.翻译时只要把每个字逐一换成现代汉语，就一定能准确表达原句意思。C.遇到人物对话，可根据“曰”“云”“谓”等提示词划分说话内容。D.翻译省略句时，应结合上下文补出省略成分，使句意通顺。答：__________5.七年级古诗文复习小组准备制作“断句翻译与诗歌鉴赏错题卡”。请你补全活动设计。（4分）要求：围绕“错因记录”“二次订正”“方法提炼”三个关键词，写出两条具体做法，每条不超过35字。做法一：________________________________________________________________________做法二：________________________________________________________________________二、古诗文阅读（10题，共42分）（一）阅读下面这首诗，完成6—8题。（12分）暮春城南即事柳暗城南水拍堤，落花深处燕衔泥。一声短笛斜阳外，多少归心到草溪。6.诗歌前两句写出了暮春城南的哪些景物？这些景物共同营造了怎样的氛围？（2分）答：____________________________________________________________________________7.请从动词运用的角度赏析“水拍堤”“燕衔泥”的表达效果。（4分）答：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.末句“多少归心到草溪”中的“归心”有怎样的含义？全诗表达了诗人怎样的情感？请结合全诗简要分析。（6分）答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________（二）阅读下面的文言文，完成9—13题。（22分）李穆为县，遇岁旱。民有负租者，吏请榜之。穆曰：“民饥而责租，是益其困也。”乃出仓粟，贷贫者。或曰：“法不可废。”穆曰：“法者所以安民也，今使民散，法将谁用？”明年，民皆还粟，县无逋者。上闻之，嘉其能以宽济急。9.解释下列句中加点词的意思。（4分）（1）民有负租者负：____________________（2）吏请榜之榜：____________________（3）贷贫者贷：____________________（4）县无逋者逋：____________________10.下列句子中“以”的用法与“嘉其能以宽济急”中的“以”相同的一项是（3分）A.蒙辞以军中多务B.自以为大有所益C.意将隧入以攻其后也D.以刀劈狼首答：__________11.用“/”给下面的句子断句。（限断三处）（4分）法者所以安民也今使民散法将谁用答：____________________________________________________________________________12.把下面的句子翻译成现代汉语。（6分）（1）民饥而责租，是益其困也。（3分）译：____________________________________________________________________________（2）明年，民皆还粟，县无逋者。（3分）译：____________________________________________________________________________13.李穆为什么没有立即惩罚欠租的百姓？请结合文章内容分析他的治理特点。（5分）答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________答：____________________________________________________________________________（三）阅读下面的文言短文，完成14—15题。（8分）张允少贫，昼佣作，夜读书。邻人笑曰：“子饥且困，读何益？”允曰：“吾不学，则终为困人耳。”每得钱，先市书，余乃买食。后以学闻于乡。14.用“/”给下面的句子断句。（限断三处）（4分）吾不学则终为困人耳每得钱先市书余乃买食答：____________________________________________________________________________15.翻译文中“吾不学……余乃买食”的意思，并写出你从张允身上得到的一点启示。（4分）译：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________启示：__________________________________________________________________________三、综合性学习（1题，共10分）16.班级开展“跟着古诗文读西安”学习活动，请根据材料完成任务。（10分）材料一：城墙、碑林、书院门等文化空间，常被同学们选作古诗文诵读和书法研学地点。实地观察能帮助学生理解诗文中的景物、方位和情感。材料二：某小组整理错题时发现，断句错误多出现在三类位置：人物对话处、表原因或转折的虚词处、承接动作连续出现处。翻译错误多集中在关键词误解和省略成分未补出。研学地点可关联任务需重点记录的问题碑林周边辨认碑刻中的常见文言词一词多义、通假字书院门诵读短文并尝试断句句读停顿、语气词城墙南门描写登临所见并联想诗句意象选择、情感表达（1）根据材料二，概括同学们在文言文断句和翻译中最需要补强的两个能力点。（3分）答：____________________________________________________________________________（2）请为本次活动拟写一条宣传语，要求包含“古诗文”和“西安”两个词，句式整齐，不超过24字。（3分）答：____________________________________________________________________________（3）请结合材料一和表格，设计一个“诗歌鉴赏微任务”，写清地点、活动内容和预期收获。（4分）答：____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________四、写作（1题，共48分）17.阅读下面材料，按要求作文。（48分）古人读书讲究句读。停顿，不只是把一句话分开，也是为了听清意思、辨明方向。成长中也常有这样的“停顿处”：一次沉默后的反思，一次失败后的重新出发，一段独处后的明白。请以“在停顿处听见成长”为题，写一篇文章。要求：①文体不限，诗歌除外；②不少于600字；③不得套作、抄袭；④文中不得出现真实校名、人名；⑤书写清楚，卷面整洁。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________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2026年陕西省西安市七年级语文中考二模高频考点诊断卷（聚焦文言文断句翻译与古诗鉴赏，含答案详解与评分标准）S657A参考答案与解析一、答案速查表题号12345答案要点C见解析见解析B见解析题号678910答案要点见解析见解析见解析见解析D题号11—1314—151617总分答案要点见解析见解析见解析见评分标准120分二、逐题解析、评分标准与易错提醒1.答案：C。（3分）解析：A项“亘古”读gèn，“锋芒毕露”应为“毕”；B项“震憾”应为“震撼”，“人声鼎沸”形容人声嘈杂，与“讲解清晰可闻”语境不合；D项“锲而不舍”读qiè，“妇孺皆知”应为“孺”。C项读音、字形和词语使用均正确。评分标准：选C得3分，其他不得分。易错提醒：不要只看读音，还要同时检查字形和语境。2.参考答案。（6分）（1）弹琴复长啸（2）深林人不知（3）百般红紫斗芳菲（4）马上相逢无纸笔（5）关山度若飞（6）惟解漫天作雪飞。解析：本题考查七年级常见古诗文名句积累。评分标准：每空1分，错字、漏字、添字均不得分。易错提醒：“啸”“芳菲”“惟”“漫”易写错，默写后要逐字核对。3.参考答案。（4分）（1）推托；（2）等到；（3）只，只是；（4）重新，另。解析：四个词均为课内文言常用词，应结合原句语境解释。评分标准：每小题1分，意思相近即可；解释成现代常用义但不合语境不得分。易错提醒：“但”在文言中常作“只”讲，不等同于现代汉语中的转折连词。4.答案：B。（3分）解析：文言翻译不能机械逐字替换，还要落实关键词、补出省略成分、调整语序并保证句意通顺。A、C、D均是有效方法。评分标准：选B得3分，其他不得分。易错提醒：翻译题要坚持“直译为主，意译为辅”，不能只堆字面意思。5.示例答案。（4分）示例：做法一：记录错因，标明是虚词误判、人物转换还是句意未通。做法二：二次订正后提炼一句方法，如“先找谓语，再看语气词”。解析：做法必须围绕错题卡制作，体现可执行性。评分标准：每条2分；能扣住关键词1分，做法具体可操作1分。两条重复酌情扣分。易错提醒：不要写成空泛口号，如“认真复习”“多背古诗”。6.参考答案。（2分）景物：柳、水、堤、落花、燕、泥。氛围：暮春时节宁静清新、富有生机，又略含惜春意味。解析：前两句通过视觉景物和燕子动作共同呈现场景。评分标准：写出两个以上景物得1分，概括氛围得1分。易错提醒：不能只答“美丽”，要结合“落花”“燕衔泥”等具体内容。7.参考答案。（4分）“拍”写出春水轻轻触堤的动态，使画面有声音和节奏；“衔”写燕子忙于筑巢的情态，表现暮春仍有蓬勃生机。两个动词化静为动，使城南景象鲜活可感。解析：赏析动词应答出动作特点、画面效果和情感作用。评分标准：“拍”的效果2分，“衔”的效果2分；只解释字面意思最多2分。易错提醒：炼字题不要脱离诗句，也不要只说“用得好”。8.参考答案。（6分）“归心”既指诗人听到短笛、望见斜阳时产生的归家之念，也含有对宁静自然生活的向往。全诗先写暮春城南的柔和景象，再以短笛和斜阳触发情思，最后把心绪落到“草溪”，表达了诗人对田园故地的思念和淡淡的惆怅。解析：诗歌情感由景入情，末句是全诗情感落点。评分标准：解释“归心”2分，结合景物分析2分，概括情感2分。易错提醒：不要把情感简单写成“高兴”或“悲伤”，应答出复合情绪。

9.参考答案。（4分）（1）欠，拖欠；（2）用板子打，责打；（3）借出，借给；（4）拖欠。解析：这些词均需联系“租”“仓粟”“还粟”等语境判断。评分标准：每小题1分，意思相近即可。易错提醒：“贷”在此不是“贷款”的现代名词，而是“借给”。1