《动名词的用法》课件

1、,Module Two,语法点的讲练,动名词,Grammar,动名词的定义,它是一种兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为:v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。动名词有时态和语态的变化。,动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例）,注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing,V-ing形式的构成方式：,1.在一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加词尾 ing。 eg. go going; do doing; ask asking; read - reading study studying; carry carrying; fly fly

2、ing; worry worrying; 2.在以不发音的e 结尾的动词后，去掉e，再加- ing。 eg. come coming live living dance dancing make making 3.在闭音节的单音节动词后、以重读闭音节结尾的多音节动词，而末尾只有一个辅音字母时，将这个辅音字母双写（x除外），然后再加 ing. sit sitting; run running; begin beginning; forget forgetting 4.在少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词后：须将ie 变作y，再加- ing。(这些动词词典一般均注明) eg. die dying; ti

3、e tying lie lying,动名词能在句中充当什么成分？,以及同位语,动名词的基本用法,用作主语 所表动作比较抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Playing with fire is dangerous. Climbing mountains is really fun. 注意：动名词做主语，有时先用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。这种用法在习惯句型中常用。 1)It is no use/ good / useless + doing 2)It is a waste of time+doing 3)It is fun+doing 在以上两种结构中常用动名词作主语。 Its no use

4、 crying over spilt溢出 milk.(覆水难收） There is no joking about the matter. It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。,3.句型There is 往往用于说明不允许、禁止某种活动或是某件事情发生或存在。类似一种建议、命令等。 1)There is no joking about such matters .2)There is no denying the fact that China has made a rapid progress in every aspect since it

5、 was founded .不容抵赖这个事实，中国自它成立以来已在各个方面都取得了飞速的发展。3)There is no littering about . 不许乱扔杂物。,2. 用作宾语,1）作动词的宾语 某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, give up, cannot help, imagine, include, keep, keep on, mind, miss, put off, delay推迟 耽误, practise, resist 坚持 su

6、ggest, depend on, think about, set about开始做, succeed in, worry about, burst out突然发生, insist on, be used to, get used to, devoteto, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to准备 等。如： They went on walking and never stopped talking. 他们继续走，说个不停。 I found it pleasant walking along the seashore. 在海滩上走真是

7、乐事。,为了便于记忆，特归纳如下：,后跟-ing的动词的顺口溜：,避免，错过，（少）延期 建议，完成，（多）练习 喜欢，想象，禁不住 承认，否定，（又）妒忌 逃避，冒险，（多）原谅 忍受，保持，（不）介意,avoid, miss, postpone/put off,suggest, finish, practice,enjoy, imagine, cant help,admit, deny, envy,escape, risk, excuse,stand, keep, mind,2）作介词的宾语 We are thinking of making a new plan for the next

8、 term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？ Despite lacking money, his parents sent him to a good university. He was late again because of getting up late. Lock the doors and windows before going out. What/How about the two of us playing games？,注意： to 在下列短

9、语中是介词，常跟动名词作宾语。 be/get used to look forward to get down to 开始认真做 pay attention to devote oneself to 献身于 lead to contribute to object to（反对） Lets get down to preparing for the exam.,动名词用在下列词组后作宾语：give up, cant help, feel like, be worth, be busy, set about开始做某事, put off, think of，insist on等 I cant hel

10、p loving you . Do you feel like having a break? 4) 既可接动名词又可接不定式的常用动词有：remember, forget, regret, mean, try等，但表达的意义不同。 I remember seeing her at the hotel. 我记得在宾馆见过她。(动作发生了) I will remember to see her at the hotel. 我记着要去宾馆见她。(动作尚未发生),1remember/forget/ regret,to do动作尚未发生,doing 动作已经发生,2. try,to do 设法、努力去

11、做，尽力,doing 试试去做（看有何结果）,3. mean,to do 打算做（主语一般是人）,doing 意味着（主语一般是物）,4.regret,to do对将要做的事抱歉,doing 对已经发生的事感到后悔,5. stop,to do停下去做另外一件事,doing 停止做手头的事情,注意,1.在一些动名词（短语）作介词in的宾语 的结构中，介词in 可以省略。这些结构有： 1） difficulty trouble S+have+ problem + (in) doing . a good/hard time fun 2)There is no point (in) doing sth

12、. 3) be busy S+ lose time + (in) doing. waste time 4) S + spend time / money (in) doing sth.,注意,在带有宾补的结构中，往往用it作形式宾语而将真正宾语（动名词）放在句尾。,I consider it a waste of time arguing about it. We found it useless discussing it again. I dong think it worthwhile doing it right now.,think consider useless S + find

13、 it+ no use + doing feel like no good etc.,Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.) What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.),作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。,）动名词

14、的逻辑主语及复合结构 Would you mind _（我开窗户吗）？ Would you mind my / me opening the window? my/ me 称为动名词的逻辑主语 I cant understand Jack /Jacks leaving his wife. I cant understand his/him leaving his wife. Jacks/ His leaving his wife is unbelievable. 动名词的逻辑主语动名词动名词的复合结构,动名词的几个注意事项,逻辑主语 通常是由物主代词，人称代词宾格，名词所有格，名词 构成。在句

15、子开头时， 必须使用物主代词或名词所有格。 His coming made us very happy.,（四）动名词作定语,动名词作定语放在所修饰的名词之前，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示所修饰的名词的功能、作用。 These passages may be used as listening materials. Mr. Wang suffers from insomnia(失眠), he has to take a sleeping tablets（药片） before going to bed. He is too old and has to walk with the

16、help of a walking stick （棍棒）.,nsmn,tblt,动名词做同位语,His habit, listening to the news on the radio, remains unchanged. 他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍没有改变。,四、动名词的被动语态,（一）一般式 （being done) （二）完成式（having been done),（一）一般式（being done),当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是该动作的对象（即动名词所表示的动作与逻辑主语有动宾关系）时，动名词一般要用被动式。,He came in without being asked.

17、I dont mind being left home all by myself. He disliked being interrupted in his experiment. Tom avoided being punished because of his fathers absence. Before being used, the computer should be tested.,注意,在want, need, deserve, require 等动词及形容词worth后，总是用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于“to be +过去分词”。,My watch needs r

18、epairing (=to be repaired). The house wants cleaning. The way deserves mentioning. 这个方法值得一提。 These young trees will require looking after carefully. The Selected Poems is well worth reading.,1.The news that our team had been defeated was disappointed. 2.Lucy dosent mind to lend you her MP3. 3.After

19、take his measure, they decided to give him the position. 5.I still remember taken to Shanghai when I was a child.,disappointing,lending,taking,being,Correct the mistakes in each sentence.,6.I am not used to be spoken to like that. 7.We would appreciate to hear from you soon. 8.People sometimes cant

20、help to buysomething they wont need. 9.I can hardly imagine Peter sails across the river. 10.Tony was very unhappy for having not been invited to the party.,being,hearing,buying,sailing,not having,选择题：,1. My watch needs _,but I have no time to go to town to have it _. to repair; repaired B. to be repaided; repairing C. repairing; repaired