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机械类 翻译 cad

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introduction to CAD CAD概论Throughout the history of our industrial society, many inventions have been patented and whole new technologies have evolved. Perhaps the single development that has impacted manufacturing more quickly and significantly than any previous technology is the digital computer. Computers are being used increasingly for both design and detailing of engineering componentsin the drawing office.Computer-aided design(CAD) is defined as the application of computers and graphics software to aid or enhancethe product design from conceptualization to documentation. CADis most commonly associated with the use of an interactive computer graphics system, referred toas a CAD system. Computer-aided design systems are powerful tools and in the mechanical design and geometric modeling of products and components.There are several good reasons for using a CAD system to support the engineering design function: To increase the productivity To improve the quality of the design To uniform design standards To create a manufacturing data base To eliminate inaccuracies caused by hand-copying of drawings and inconsistency between drawingsComputer-aided manufacturing(CAM) is defined as the effective use computer technology in manufacturing planning and control. CAM is most closely associated with functions in manufacturing engineering, such as process and production planning, machining, scheduling, management,qualitycontrol,andnumericalcontrol(NC)partprogramming. Computer-aideddesign and computer-aidedmanufacturing are oftencombined CAD/CAM systems.This combination allows the transfer of information from the design into the stage of planning for the manufacturing of a product, without the need to reenter the data on part geometry manually. The database developed during CADis stored; then it is processed further, by CAM, into the necessary data and instructions for operating and controlling production machinery, material- handling equipment, and automated testing and inspection for product quality.Rationale for CAD/CAMThe rationale for CAD/CAMis similar to that used to justify any technology-based improvement in manufacturing. It grows our of a need to continually improve productivity, quality and competitiveness. There are also other reasons why a company might make a conversion from manual processes to CAD/CAM: Increased productivity Better quality Better communication Common database with manufacturing Reduced prototype construction casts Faster response to customers遍及我们工业社会的历史，一些发明已经取得了很多专利，并且有了新的发展。比以前任何一项技术能对制造业产生更迅速，更重大影响的发展或许是数字化计算机。计算机被逐步的应用到图纸和零件的设计。计算机辅助设计（CAD）是指从概念化的文件中辅助或提高产品设计的计算机应用和图形软件。CAD是与交互式计算机制图系统最普遍的结合，称之为CAD系统。计算机辅助设计系统是有效的工具，并在机械设计和产品元件的几何模型中得到应用。下面是CAD系统在图纸设计中的几个有利因素：1） 提高生产能力；2） 增加设计数量；3） 统计设计标准；4） 创建一个生产数据库；5） 减小由手工复制图纸而引起的偏差。计算机辅助制造（CAD）是指在设计和控制制造业有效利用计算机技术。CAM与制造工程最亲密的结合，例如程序设计、生产设计、机械加工、调度、控制、质量控制和数字控制程序设定。计算机辅助设计和计算机制造经常被组合为CAD/CAM系统。这个组合使信息传递从设计阶段进入到设计生产阶段，不用人工重复输入几何部分的数据。通过CAD存储数据，再利用CAM促进工艺过程的发展，进入到必须数据和指令过程，并通过控制生产设备，原料处理设备对产品质量进行自动测试和检验。CAD/CAM的理论基础CAD/CAM的理论基础与过去已被证明的任何制造工艺基础上的改进相类似。它带来不断提高生产率、质量和竞争力的必要。企业从手工发展转化为CAD/CAM还有一些其他因素：1） 提高生产力；2） 提高产品质量；3） 生产上有公共的数据库；4） 减少样板伍的成本；5） 更快的响应消费者。CAD/CAM硬件CAD/CAM系统的硬盘部分由以下元件组成：1） 一个或更多个设计工作站；2） 数字计算机；3） 绘图机、打印机和其他的输出设备；4） CAD/CAM系统应该有传输接口，使之与别的计算机系统传输数据成为可能，因此，有益于使计算机成为整体。CAD系统中工作站是计算机与其使用者的连接体。CAD工作站的结构和它的可利用的特点再使用的特点在使用者产品的适合度、生产率和质量上的影响。工作站必须一个图形显象终端设备和一个输出设备。应用CAD/CAM需要一个有高速中央处理机（CPU）的数字计算机。它包括主存储器和逻辑系统或算术系统。在CAD/CAM中最广泛的利用的二级存储器是硬盘、软盘或二者的结合。输入装置通常被用来从操作者或存储器到计算机传输信息，这样就执行了“CAD的操作”。输出已有绘图有两个基本方法：绘图模型或将资料数字化绘图。CAD/CAM的标准输出设备是一个阴极射线管显示器。阴极射线管主要有两种类型：随机扫描直线制图显示器和光栅扫描显示器。除此之外阴极射线管还包括等离子显示器和液晶显示器。CAD/CAM软件软件使用户从硬盘构形转向为高效的设计和生产系统。CAD/CAM软件分