湖南省高考英语二轮复习 第25讲 信息的表述课件.ppt

第25讲信息的表述 2 湖南省长沙市一中2011届高三月考七 accordingtothesurprisingfindingsofanewstudybyu s investigators chewingsugarlessgumduringclassandwhiledoinghomeworkcanhaveapositiveeffectonacademicperformanceinteenagers 3 studyleadercraiga johnstonofthechildren snutritionresearchcenteratbaylorcollegeofmedicineinhouston texas andhiscolleaguesstudiedmorethan100eighth gradestudents 52girlsand56boys agedbetween13and16years infourmathclasses theexpertsrandomly 任意地 assignedteenagersintotwogroups onegroupwasaskedtochewwrigley ssugar freegumduringclass whiledoinghomework andalsowhileperformingastandardizedtest theychewedatleastonestickofgum86percentofthetimetheywereinmathclassand36percentofthetimetheyweredoinghomework theparticipantsoftheothergroupdidnot 4 johnstonandhisteamfoundthat14weekslater thegumchewershada3percentincreaseintheirmathscoresonthetexasassessmentofknowledgeandskillsachievementtest asmallbutstatisticallysignificantchange accordingtoexperts therewasnodifferencefoundinmathscoresbetweentheparticipantsinthetwogroupsinanothertestcalledthewoodcockjohnston testsofachievement however theexperimentrevealed 展现 thatgum chewershadbetterfinalgradesintheclasscomparedtotheirnon chewingpeers 同龄人 accordingtojohnston chewinggumreducesstressandanxietyaswellasitincreasesarousal 兴奋 5 researcherssaythatthestudiesandresearcharefocusedoninvestigatingtheeffectofchewinggumonfocus alertness concentration situationalstress weightcontrolandoralhealth accordingtothem thestudyisreallymeaningfulandshouldraiseinterestinparents whenrelatedtosmallstepsthatcanleadtobetteracademicperformance thenewstudyisbeingbuiltonpreviousresearchthatwasconductedinalaboratorysettingandshowedthatgumchewingcanhelpreducestress improvealertnessandrelieveanxiety thecurrentfindings forthefirsttime provideapossibleroleforchewingguminhelpingtoimproveacademicperformanceina reallife classroomsetting 6 asurprisingfinding chewinggumresultsin1 purposeofthestudy toinvestigatetheeffectofchewinggumonfocus alertness concentration situationalstress weightcontroland2 7 theresearch researchers craiga johnstonand3 participants 4 eighth gradestudentsagedbetween13and16years contents 8 results gum chewers mathscoresincreasingby8 onthetexasassessmentofknowledgeandskillsachievementtest 9 inthewoodcockjohnstoniiitestsofachievementbetweenthetwogroups gum chewershavingbetterfinalgrades researchers analysis chewinggumreduces10 chewinggumincreasesarousal 10 答案及解析 1 betteracademicperformance highermarks概括改写题 根据全文内容 尤其是第一段内容可推知 2 oralhealth直接题 根据倒数第二段researcherssaythatthestudiesandresearcharefocusedoninvestigatingtheeffectofchewinggumonfocus alertness concentration situationalstress weightcontrolandoralhealth 可得知 11 答案及解析 3 hiscolleagues team直接题 根据第二段studyleadercraiga johnstonofthechildren snutritionresearchcenteratbaylorcollegeofmedicineinhouston texas andhiscolleaguesstudied 可得知 4 over100 morethan100直接题 根据第二段 morethan100eighth gradestudents 52girlsand56boys agedbetween13and16years infourmathclasses 可得知 12 答案及解析 5 14weeks直接题 根据第三段johnstonandhisteamfoundthat14weekslater可得知 6 mathclass es 直接题 根据第二段theychewedatleastonestickofgum86percentofthetimetheywereinmathclassand36percentofthetimetheyweredoinghomework 可得知 13 答案及解析 7 chewingnogum notchewinggum改写题 根据第三段theexperimentrevealed 展现 thatgum chewershadbetterfinalgradesintheclasscomparedtotheirnon chewingpeers 同龄人 可得知 8 3percent直接题 根据第三段第一句johnstonandhisteamfoundthat14weekslater thegumchewershada3percentincreaseintheirmathscores 可得知 14 答案及解析 9 nodifference almost thesame直接题 根据第三段therewasnodifferencefoundinmathscoresbetweentheparticipantsinthetwogroupsinanothertestcalledthewoodcockjohnston testsofachievement 可得知 10 stressandanxiety直接题 根据第三段chewinggumreducesstressandanxiety 理解是前提 而表述是目的和归宿 要正确有效地表述信息要注意以下几点 一 注意文字的简洁性有以下几个规律可循 1 用名词所有格形式 s 代替介词of 如citizens longerliving就巧妙地运用了名词所有格形式 s 如用of 则变成了thelongerlivingofcitizens 在字数上不符合要求 2 词性转换 如 the graying oftheunitedstates 在表达时运用词性转换技巧 将原来的名词gray转换成现在分词时 含有动态意义 表示 逐渐变老 言简意赅 3 句子结构转换 主要通过加工压缩信息抓住要点 言简意赅 击中要害 因此怎样加工压缩信息就成了广大考生必备的一种技能 一般的 阅读填空题要掌握以下几种技能 词形变形能力 主要是看其前后的动词形式再作确认 如果前后都是动词原形那就不变 如果前后是v ing形式 那就要随其变形 删减多余词汇能力 一般主要是删去不影响主要意思表达的修饰词汇 如形容词 副词 冠词等等 如今年湖南高考的第76题删去了creating 第79题去掉了修饰形容词various 以群体代替个体 如有的将a an n 变为其对应的复数形式 原意改换能力 或用同义或近义词代替 或用反义词或派生词改换 或用从句改写 或用意思接近的名词短语代替原句较长的句子 如今年高考题第73题 原句是somecanhelpfindtherightschoolsbasedonone sinterests 在例举式表格中findtherightschoolsthatone 73 根据原句basedonone sinterests可得知答案用同意句改写替换 即 is becomesinterestedin或shows takes hasinterestin 再如短文中的原信息是两个完整的句子 onelikelydevelopmentwillbeagradualchangeinthefamilyunit theotherlikelydevelopmentwillbeachangeintheproportionofthenation sworkforce 将句子的核心词进行转换 变成 familyunitchange 和 workforceproportionchange 从而达到 每空不超过3个单词 的要求 二 注意表述的概括性概括性是英语阅读填空所考查的重点 要求对阅读信息具有较强的综合归纳能力 在解答这类题时 要找出共性 根据