短语辨析集锦

中考常用短语辨析集锦 中考常用短语辨析集锦 1 take 的常用短语 take one s temperature 给某人量体温 take one s order 听某人的呵护 take one s place 代替 take exercise 锻炼 take pictures photos 照相 take on a new look 呈现新面貌 take a seat have a seat 坐下 take a walk 散步 take a shower 洗淋浴 take a message 捎口信 take a break take breaks 休息一下 take a risk take risks 冒险 eg Let s take a break 2 good 常用短语 be good at do well in 擅长于 be good with 灵巧的 善于应付 的 be good to 对 好 be good for 对 有好处 eg Tom is good at playing basketball He is very good with the children My friend was very good to me when I was ill Eating more vegetables is good for your health 3 sometimes sometime some time some times 的区别 sometimes 有时 sometime 过去或将来的某一不确定时间 some time 一段时间 some times 几次 eg Sometimes I go to bed very late The film will be shown again sometime next week I will stay at home for some time next week I have been to Shanghai some times 4 辨析 wear put on in 和 dress wear 穿 戴 的状态 衣服 鞋 帽 首饰 眼镜 put on 穿 戴 的动作 衣服 鞋 帽 in 穿 戴 的状态 衣服 颜色 dress 穿衣 穿 的动作 人 作宾语 eg She is wearing a new skirt Please put on your coat The boy in blue is my brother She dresses her little brother every morning 5 leave forget 和 leave for 的辨析 leave 离开 丢下 忘带 forget 忘记 某物 事 leave for 动身去 地点 eg He leaves home early every day I left my bag at home I forgot his phone number He will leave for shanghai tomorrow e 的相关短语 come back 回来 come from be from 来自 come by 经过 come on 快点 加油 改造 come out 出现 出版 come up with 提出 想出 赶上 come about 发生 产生 come over 从远方来 顺便来访 eg Please come back before six o clock The boy comes from America They come by an Internet bar Come on or we will be late The magazine comes out once a week We weren t able to come up with any suggestions How did the accident come about When did you first come over to China 7 辨析 arrive reach get 到达 arrive 不及物动词 arrive in 大地方 arrive at 小地方 reach 及物动词 reach 地点 get 不及物动词 get to 地点 eg Mr Wang arrived in London yesterday The old man arrived at the village at last How did your father reach his office We get to school at 8 00 every day 8 辨析 listen hear Listen to 强调听的动作 不及物动词 hear 调听的结果 及物动词 eg Listen to the teacher carefully What can you hear 9 hear 拓展短语 hear about 听说 听到关于 的消息 hear from 收到 的来信 eg Have you heard about the accident Did you hear from your daughter this week 10 strict adj be strict with sb 对 严厉 be strict in sth 对 严格 eg His father is strict with him I am strict in my work 11 辨析 pay spend cost 和 take pay 主语是人 指花钱 pay for sb sth 替某人付钱 付某物的钱 spend 主语是人 指花钱和时间 spend money for sth spend time money on spend in doing sth cost 主语是物 指花钱 sth costs sb 金钱 take 主语是 it 指花时间 It takes sb 时间 to do sth doing sth takes sb 时间 eg They pay us every month I ll pay for the ticket His money was spent for books I spent tow hours on this maths problem They spent two years in building this bridge It took them three years to build this road Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon 12 辨析 such as 和 for example such as 表示例举 置于例举的事物前 for example 举例说明 作插入语 置于句首 中 末 eg Ball game for example have spread around the world I like fruit such as apples and bananas 13 辨析 happen 和 take place happen 客观事件发生 偶然性 happen to sb 发生在某人身上 happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 take place 根据安排或计划发生 事先预料 eg When did the accident happen A car accident happened to me last week I happened to see my aunt in the shopping mall When will the wedding take place 14 辨析 expect 和 wish expect sth 期待某物 expect sb to do sth 期望 某人 做某事 expect 从句 wish sb sth 祝愿某人某事 wish sb to do sth 希望 某人 做某事 eg I never expect his help We expect to hear from Jane He expected that he could get there on time We wish you a happy New Year I wish you to go 15 辨析 wish hope 和 want wish that 从句 表难以实现的愿望 hope to do sth 希望做某事 hope that 从句 表可以实现的愿望 want to do sth 想要做某事 want sb to do sth 想让某人做某事 eg I wish I could fly like a bird We hope to see you again I hope he can do that I want to be a teacher I want my daughter to be a teacher 16 famous adj be famous as 作为 出名 be famous for 因为 出名 be famous in 在 出名 be famous to 对 来说出名 eg Bruce Lee is famous as an actor Lang Lang is famous for playing the piano Liu Qian is famous in China now The Palace Museum is famous to people in the world 17 turn 相关短语 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉 turn up 声音调大 偶然出现 被发现 turn down 声音调小 拒绝 turn over 打翻 翻身 turn left right turn to the left right 向左 右转 eg Please turn it on 代词只能放中间 Could you turn off the TV turn 作系动词 颜色 天气的形容词作表语 turn 作名词 in one s turn 轮到某人 in turn take turns 依次地 out of turn 不按顺序地 加塞儿 on the turn 即将变化 turning 转弯处 It s one s turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事 Eg The man turned blue with fear Turn left at the second turning It s my turn to clean the classroom 18 advice 不可数 n 和 advise v some advice two pieces of advice ask sb for advice 征询某人的意见 give sb some advice 给某人提出建议 give some advice to sb give advice on sth 在某方面给出建议 offer sb some advice 给某人提出建议 offer some advice to sb follow one s advice 接受某人的建议 take one s advice advise sth doing sth 建议某事 做某事 advise sb how to do sth 建议某人如何做某事 19 angry adj be get angry at sth 因某事而生气 be get angry about sth 因某事而生气 be get angry at sb for sth 因某事生某人的气 be get angry with sb for sth 因某事而生气 make sb Angry 使某人生气 eg I was angry with her for lying to me The teacher was angry with at me when I was late 20 辨析 lie 的各个含义 lie v 躺 位于 lay lain lying lie v 说谎 lied lied lying lie n 谎言 lies 复数 liar n 说谎者 eg You should lie down He often lies He often tells lies 21 辨析 breathe breath breathing breathe v 呼吸 吸气 breath n 呼吸 吸气 breathing n 连续呼吸的动作 eg It s healthy to breathe deeply in the morning He has run himself out of breath 上气不接下气 Her breathing became steady 均匀 and she fell asleep 22 give 相关短语 give up 放弃 give in 上交 屈服 give away 赠送 泄露 give out 分发 用完 give off 散出 发出 eg His mother didn t give up trying to help him He refused to give in to old age 他不服老 Don t give away the secret Give out the examination papers Chemical 化学的 changes give off energy 23 imagine v 想象 设想 料想 image n 图像 影像 雕像 imagination n 想象力 imagine sth imagine sb sth n imagine sb sth to be imagine doing sth imagine 从句 eg I can imagine the scene clearly She always imagines it an easy thing Please imagine yourself in the customer s position Imagine earning that much money I imagine that you are very tired 24 辨析 raise 和 rise raise 提升 提起 举起 人为的 及物 raised raised rise 升起 上升 自身 不及物 rose risen eg He raised his arms above his head The sun rises in the east raise money 筹钱 raise a family 养家 raise one s voice 提高声音 25 辨析 work 和 job work 不可数 n 脑力和体力劳动 job 可数 n 具体的职业或零工 eg I have a lot of work to do today I heard you had changed jobs at work 在工作 上班 work with 与 共事 对 有效 work on 影响 对 起作用 从事于 work for 效劳 为 工作 work out 解决 26 cut cut cut cutting cut sth into sth 把某物切成某物 cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎 cut out 减掉 删除 eg Cut the meat into small pieces They cut down the big tree Cut up the meat please You can cut out the unimportant details 27 marry 作及物 v marry sb 嫁给某人 与 结婚 be get married to sb 与某人结婚 marry sb to sb 父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇 eg John married Mary last week Jane was married to a doctor last month She married her daughter to a businessman marry 作不及物 v 介词短语 副词 eg She married very early 28 population 的用法 提问人口数量 What s the population of 形容人口多少 big large 和 small 做主语时 谓语动词的单复与 population 含义一致 表整体概念为单数 具体人数为复数 eg What s the population of the world now The city has a big population The population of Nigeria is nearly 100 million Three quarters of the population in the city are from the village 29 success 的几种变形 success n 成功 胜利 have success in doing sth succeed v 成功 接替 succeed in doing sth successful adj 成功的 be successful in doing sth successfully adv 成功地 eg If you work hard you will make a great success He succeeds in climbing Qomolangma He is successful in his career He did the work successfully 30 辨析 beside 与 besides beside prep 在旁边 besides prep 除 之外还 adv 而且 还有 eg A girl is standing beside the tree We like her besides him I haven t had time to see the film besides it s had dreadful review 贬斥的影评 30 辨析 everyday 与 every day everyday adj 每天的 日常的 作定语 修饰名 词 every day 副词短语 每天 作状语 修饰动词 eg What everyday activities do you take part in He picks tea leaves every day 31 国家 相应词汇 国家语言国人国家 人的备注 ChinaChineseChineseChinese单复相同 JapanJapaneseJapaneseJapanese单复相同 AmericaEnglishAmericanAmericanAmericans EnglandEnglishEnglishmanEnglishEnglishmen FranceFrenchFrenchmanFrenchFrenchmen ItalyItalianItalianItalianItalians RussiaRussianRussianRussianRussians BrazilBrazilianBrazilianBrazilianBrazilians CanadaCanadianCanadianCanadianCanadians AustraliaAustralian