考研考博-英语-北华航天工业学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北华航天工业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

NiagaraFallsisagreattourist（

）,drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.

问题1选项

A.attention

B.attraction

C.appointment

D.arrangement

【答案】B

【解析】形近词辨析题。attention注意力；attraction吸引人的事物；appointment任命，约定；arrangement安排，布置。

句意：尼亚加拉瀑布是一个著名的旅游景点，每年吸引数以百万计的游客。只有选项B符合语境。

2.单选题

Thecourtheldtheparentsaccountablefortheminorchild’sactsofviolence.

问题1选项

A.responsiblefor

B.indifferentto

C.desperatefor

D.involvedin

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。accountablefor表示“负责，对……应负责任”；A项responsiblefor“对……负责任”，B项indifferentto“对……冷漠”，C项desperatefor“渴望……”，D项involvedin“涉及，包含”。句意：法院要求父母对未成年孩子的暴力行为负责。根据句意可知A项正确。

3.单选题

Mostlargecompaniesprefercustomizedcomputersoftwarebecauseitcanbemoldedtofitthewayacompanydoesbusiness,（

）off-the-shelfsoftwareoftenrequirethecompanytoalteritsprocedurestofitthesoftware.

问题1选项

A.when

B.since

C.whereas

D.because

【答案】A

【解析】考查连接词。when“当……时候”；since“自从，既然”；whereas“然而，反而”；because“因为”。句意：在流行软件通常要求公司改变程序以适应软件的时候，大多数公司更喜欢定制软件，因为它可以被调整以适应公司的业务方式。前后句没有构成逻辑关系，故A项正确。

4.单选题

“Itisimpossiblethatoldprejudicesandhostilitiesshouldlongerexist,whilesuchaninstrumenthasbeencreatedfartheexchangeofthoughtbetweenallthenationsoftheearth,”acclaimedVictorianenthusiaststhearrivalin1858ofthefirsttransatlantictelegraphcable.Peoplesaythatsortofthingsaboutnewtechnologies,eventoday.Biotechnologyissaidtobethecureforworldhunger.Thesequencingofthehumangenomewillsupposedlyuprootcancerandotherdiseases.Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.Awholeindustryofcybergurushasenthralledaudiences(andmadeafineliving)withclaimsthattheInternetwillpreventwars,reducepollution,andcombatvariousformsofinequalityHowever,althoughtheInternetisstillyoungenoughtoinspireidealism,ithasalsobeenaroundlongenoughtotestwhethertheprophetscanberight.

GrandestofalltheclaimsarethosemadebysomeoftheexpertsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyabouttheInternet’spotentialasaforceforpeace.NicholasNegroponte,hasdeclaredthat,thankstotheInternet,thechildrenofthefuture“arenotgoingtoknowwhatnationalismis”.Hiscolleague,MichaelDertouzos,haswrittenthatdigitalcommunicationswillbring“computer-aidedpeace”which“mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups”.Theideaisthatimprovedcommunicationswillreducemisunderstandingsandtransferconflict.

Thisisnotnew,anymorethanweretheclaimsforthepeace-makingpossibilitiesofothernewtechnologies.Intheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury,airplaneswereexpectedtoendwars,bypromotinginternationalcommunicationand(lesscredibly)bymakingarmiesout-of-date,sincetheywouldbeweaktoattackfromtheair.AftertheFirstWorldWarhaddispelledsuchnotions,itwastheturnofradio.“Nationshallspeakpeaceuntonation”ranthefinemottoofBritain’sBBCWorldService.Sadly,RadioofRwandadisprovedtheideathatradiowasanintrinsicallypeaceforceonceandforall.

Themistakepeoplemakeistoassumethatwarsarecausedsimplybythefailureofdifferentpeoplestounderstandeachotheradequately.Indeed,evenifthatweretrue,theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict.Hatespeechandintolerancedevelopinitsdarkcomers,wheregovernmentfindsithardtointervene.AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.

1.Nowadays,the1858acclaimbyenthusiastsarestillusedtodescribe（

）.

2.Thephrase"staveoff"(underlinedinparagraph2)probablymeans

（

）.

3.PeoplewillnotbelievetheInternetcanputanendtowarifthey（

）.

问题1选项

A.themeritsofbiotechnology

B.thesignificanceofnewtechnology

C.theprospectoftheInternet

D.thesequencingofhumangenome

问题2选项

A.getridof

B.advocatefor

C.makeuseof

D.scrapethrough

问题3选项

A.cancontrolhatespeechandintoleranceontheInternet

B.donottakemisunderstandingasthereasonforwar

C.efficientlyfostertheInternetasameansofcommunication

D.knowthenatureoftheInternetistoadvocatewar

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的Thewildestoptimism,though,hasgreetedtheInternet.（然而，互联网带来了最狂野的乐观。）可知C选项“互联网的前景”符合题意。

2.词义题。由文章第二段中的digitalcommunicationswillbring"computer-aidedpeace"which"mayhelpstaveofffutureflare-upsofethnichatredandnationalbreak-ups"（数字通信将带来“计算机辅助和平”，这“有助于……未来民族仇恨的爆发和民族分裂的爆发”）可知“staveoff”为动词词组，which引导后面的定语从句，修饰先行词computer-aidedpeace，根据“和平”的含义，可推测此处指减少或避免民族仇恨和分裂的爆发，因此选A。

3.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的theInternetcanalsobeusedtoadvocateconflict...AlthoughtheInternetundeniablyfosterscommunication,itwillnotputanendtowar.（互联网也可以用来鼓吹冲突……尽管互联网无可否认地促进了交流，但它不会结束战争）可知D选项“认识互联网的本质就是倡导战争”符合题意。

5.单选题

Hestudiedatafamouscollegewhenhewasyoung,（）contributedtohissuccessinlaterlife.

问题1选项

A.which

B.it

C.that

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】复合句语法知识。对定语从句的考查。题目为非限制性定语从句。选项A符合题意。

6.单选题

Scientists’pristinereputationasdevoteesofthedisinterestedpursuitoftruthhasbeencompromisedbyrecentevidencethatsomescientistshavedeliberately（

）experimentalresultstoflirthertheirowncareers.

问题1选项

A.reinforced

B.validated

C.exterminated

D.fabricated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。reinforce“加强”；validate“证实；使生效”；exterminate“根除”；fabricate“制造；捏造”。句意：科学家的原始声誉：即作为对真理进行无私追求的信徒已被近来的证据连累，该证据表明一些科学家为了促进自己的职业生涯发展而故意捏造实验结果。由compromised与experimentalresults可知“捏造”符合语境，故D项正确。

7.单选题

OverthecenturiesboththeNileandthedesertsandsimperceptiblyshifted,andthistemplewaslosttotheworlduntil1813,whenitwasaccidentallyrediscoveredbytheSwissexplorerJeanLouisBurckhardt.

问题1选项

A.enormously

B.unstably

C.progressively

D.unnoticeably

【答案】D

【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项enormously“巨大地；非常地”；B选项unstably“不稳定地”；C选项progressively“渐进地；日益增多地”；D选项unnoticeably“不引人注意地；不显著地”。句意：几个世纪以来，尼罗河和沙漠的沙子都……变化着，这座寺庙直到1813年才被世人所知，后来它被瑞士探险家偶然地发现。根据寺庙所发现的时间可知，尼罗河和沙漠的沙子移动的非常缓慢，以至于寺庙是在之后的一大段时间才展露出来。因此D选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Pleasecheckthecopy______theoriginalbeforehandingin.

问题1选项

A.with

B.against

C.over

D.AandB

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定搭配。checksth.against/withsth.表示“对照某物核对某物”，为固定搭配。根据thecopy与theoriginal可知此处表示“对照原件核对该复印件”，因此选D。句意：交上来之前请把复印件和原件核对一下。

9.单选题

Nohumanbeingis（

），butAlistairAldingtonmadeveryfewmistakes.

问题1选项

A.fallacious

B.false

C.plausible

D.infallible

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。fallacious意为“(思想、论据、道理)谬误的，错误的”；false意为“错误的；不正确的，伪造的”；plausible意为“(借口或解释)有道理的，花言巧语的”；infallible意为“永无过失的，一贯正确的，绝对可靠的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系，因此选D。

句意：没有人是永不犯错的，但AlistairAldington很少犯错误。

10.单选题

IamtoldthatProfessorAtkinshasalreadyvisitedthissiteforfivetimessincetheareawasopenedtogeologistsin2007.

问题1选项

A.Iamtold

B.hasalreadyvisited

C.forfivetimes

D.wasopenedtogeologists

E.没有错误

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。opened应改为open,beopento对…开放。

11.单选题

Psychologistsbelievethatchildrenareeasilyinfluencedbytheir（）.

问题1选项

A.conditions

B.combinations

C.peers

D.granaries

【答案】C

【解析】语义题。空格填入的词应与children同类型。因此C项peer（同龄人，同辈人）符合要求。

12.填空题

Shecouldn'tbuythebookanywhere.（1）ofthebookstoresinBeijinghadanycopies（2）.Theyhadallbeensoldassoonastheywereputontheshelves.

【答案】1.None

2.since

【解析】1.语义题。noneof‘没有...。

2.逻辑分析。Since因为，由于。

13.单选题

"Toomanychildstarsgrowuptobeunhappyadults.Hehastobecautiousandnot（）himselffromreallife.”

问题1选项

A.conceal

B.camouflage

C.insulate

D.obscure

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项conceal“隐藏；隐瞒”；B选项camouflage“伪装，掩饰”；C选项insulate“隔离，使孤立”；D选项obscure“使…模糊不清，掩盖；隐藏”。句意：太多的童星长大后都并不快乐。他必须小心谨慎但不能将自己隔离现实生活。这里选C项“insulate”比较合适，insulateoneselffromreallife表示“将自己隔离现实生活”。

14.单选题

Thesesmallcompaniesnowhavetheirown（）identity.

问题1选项

A.discreet

B.discrete

C.separated

D.isolated

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。discreet“谨慎的,小心的”;discrete“离散的;独立的”;separated“分开的;

分居的”;isolated“孤立的;单独的”。句意:这些小公司现在都有了它们自己独立的身份。选项B更符合句意。

15.单选题

Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact.Duringthefirsttwomonthsofababy’slife,thestimulusthatproducesasmileisapairofeyes.Theeyesneednotbereal:amaskwithtwodotswillproduceasmile.Significantly,arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile.Thisattractiontoeyesasopposedtothenoseormouthcontinuesasthebabymatures.Inonestudy,whenAmericanfour-year-oldswereaskedtodrawpeople.75percentofthemdrewpeoplewithmouths,but99percentofthemdrewpeoplewitheyes.InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures.Asaresult,Japaneseadultsmakelittleuseofthefaceeithertoencodeordecodemeaning.Infact,Argylerevealsthatthe“properplacetofocusone’sgazeduringaconversationinJapanisontheneckofone'sconversationpartner’.

TheroleofeyecontactinaconversationalexchangebetweentwoAmericansiswelldefined:speakersmakecontactwiththeeyesoftheirlistenerforaboutonesecond,thenglanceawayastheytalk;inafewmomentstheyre-establisheyecontactwiththelistenerorreassurethemselvesthattheiraudienceisstillattentive,thenshifttheirgazeawayoncemore.Listeners,meanwhile,keeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker,allowingthemselves-toglanceawayonlybriefly.Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation.Justhowcriticalthiseyemaneuveringistothemaintenanceofconversationalflowbecomesevidentwhentwospeakersarewearingdarkglasses:theremaybeasortoftrafficjamofwordscausedbyinterruption,falsestarts,andunpredictablepauses.

1.Theauthorisconvincedthattheeyesare（

）.

2.Babieswillnotbestimulatedtosmilebyaperson（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,theJapanesefixtheirgazeontheirconversationpartner’neckbecause（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,aconversationbetweentwoAmericansmaybreakdowndueto（

）.

5.Tokeepaconversationflowingsmoothly,itisbetterfortheparticipants（

）.

问题1选项

A.somethingthroughwhichonecanseeaperson’sinnerworld

B.ofextremeimportanceinexpressingfeelingsandexchangingideas

C.ofconsiderablesignificanceinmakingconversationsinteresting

D.somethingthevalueofwhichislargelyamatteroflongdebate

问题2选项

A.whosefrontviewisfullyperceived

B.whosefaceiscoveredwithamask

C.whosefaceisseenfromtheside

D.whosefaceisfreeofanycovering

问题3选项

A.theydon'tliketokeeptheireyesonthefaceofthespeaker

B.theydon’thowtocommunicatethrougheyecontact

C.theydon’tthinkitpolitetohaveeyecontact

D.theydidn’thavemuchopportunitytocommunicatethrougheyecontactinbabyhood

问题4选项

A.onetemporarilyglancingawayfromtheother

B.eyecontactofmorethanonesecond

C.improperly-timedceasingofeyecontact

D.constantadjustmentofeyecontact

问题5选项

A.nottoweardarkglasses

B.nottomakeanyinterruptions

C.nottoglanceawayfromeachother

D.nottomakeunpredictablepaused

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章第一段第一句提到“眼睛是心灵的窗户这个说法是有争议的，但是在人际交往中眼睛非常重要是事实”Whethertheeyesare“thewindowsofthesoul”isdebatable,thattheyareintenselyimportantininterpersonalcommunicationisfact，选项B“在表达情感和交流思想时非常重要”符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。文章第一段第四句话提到“一张真正的人脸但是眼睛被遮住了不能引发婴儿笑，只露出一只眼睛的侧脸也不能让婴儿笑”（arealhumanfacewitheyescoveredthenthefacewillnotmotivateasmile,norwillthesightofonlyoneeyethenthefaceispresentedinprofile），由此可知选项C“从侧面看某人的脸”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。文章第一段提到“日本的婴儿被母亲背在背上，在他们的文化中没有接收太多关于眼神交流的内容”（InJapan,however,wherebabiesarecarriedontheirmother’sback,infantstonotacquireasmuchattachmenttoeyesastheydoinothercultures），所以他们交流时喜欢看对方的脖子而不是眼睛，选项D符合题意。

第4题:细节事实题。文章第二段提到“重要的是他们要在说话人重新建立眼神交流的时刻看向说话人；如果他们没有看向对方，说话人会认为他们对所说话题不感兴趣或者以为他们想中断谈话”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），因此选项C“停止眼神交流的时间不当”符合题意。

第5题:细节事实题。文章最后一句话提到“当谈话双方都戴墨镜的时候就会知道这种眼神交流对于保持通畅谈话有多重要：可能会中途被打断，错误的开始或者意料之外的停顿等等”（Itisimportantthattheybelookingatthespeakerattheprecisemomentwhenthespeakerreestablisheseyecontact;iftheyarenotlooking,atthespeakerassumesthattheyaredisinterestedandeitherwillpauseuntileyecontactisresumedorwillterminatetheconversation），选项A符合题意。

16.单选题

Herman'ssuccessisduetohishardworkandhisabilityto（）planswhichwillgetworkdoneefficiently.

问题1选项

A.formulate

B.fulfil

C.approve

D.flourish

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.formulate制订；规划B.fulfil实现（梦想），履行（职责，义务等）

C.approve赞成，同意D.flourish繁荣，昌盛

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句意“赫尔曼的成功是由于他的努力工作和他______计划的能力”，结合选项词义可知，空格处表示“制定”符合句意，所以该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】赫尔曼的成功是由于他的努力工作和他制定计划的能力，这使工作有效地完成。

17.单选题

Iunderstandpreparationthatstaffmustputinunderpressureo\tomeetthedeadline.

问题1选项

A.morethantheenormousamountof

B.betterthanmosttheenormousnumberof

C.betterthanmosttheenormousamountof

D.fewerthanthenumberof

【答案】C

【解析】考查常用表达。understandbetterthan…表示“对……非常理解”。A选项morethantheenormousamountof比……大多数多；B选项betterthanmosttheenormousnumberof比……大多数好，后接可数名词；C选项betterthanmosttheenormousamountof比……大多数好，后接不可数名词；D选项fewerthanthenumberof比……数量少；其中，preparation是不可数名词，故本题正确答案为C项。

18.单选题

Workingfarawayfromhishome,hehadto（

）fromOxfordtoLondoneveryday.

问题1选项

A.commute

B.wander

C.ramble

D.motion

【答案】A

【解析】动词辨析题。A选项commute“通勤，往返于”；B选项wander“徘徊，漫步”；C选项ramble“闲逛”；D选项motion“运动”。句意：他在离家很远的地方工作，每天不得不往返于牛津和伦敦之间。选项A符合句意。

19.单选题

Althoughthebodyismadeupofmanydifferenttissues,thesetissuesarearrangedinan（

）andorderlyfashion.

问题1选项

A.incredible

B.internal

C.intricate

D.initial

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项incredible“不可思议的，难以置信的”；B选项internal“内在的”；C选项intricate“错综复杂的”；D选项initial“最初的”。原句表示“虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的，但这些组织是以______而有序的方式排列的”可知C选项符合句意。句意：虽然人体是由许多不同的组织组成的，但这些组织是以错综复杂而有序的方式排列的。

20.单选题

Anestheticsaresubstances（）todeadenpainorproduceaconditioninwhichsomeorallofthesenses,especiallytouch,stopfunctioningorarereduced.

问题1选项

A.diverted

B.enforced

C.exercised

D.administered

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析题。divert"转移"；enforce"实施，执行"，常指法律的实施；exercise"运动，练习"；administer"管理，作为治疗或药物使用"。句意：麻醉药是一种用来镇痛的物质，或者使部分或全部感觉，尤其是触觉，停止运行，或降低运行。administer可以用来指药物的实施。所以选项D正确。

21.翻译题

Directions:TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.

一九七八年，我们党召开具有重大历史意义的十一届三中全会，开启了改革开放历史新时期。从那时以来，中国共产党人和中国人民以一往无前的进取精神和波澜壮阔的创新实践，谱写了中华民族自强不息、顽强奋进新的壮丽史诗，中国人民的面貌、社会主义中国的面貌、中国共产党的面貌发生了历史性变化。改革开放是党在新的时代条件下带领人民进行的新的伟大革命，目的就是要解放和发展社会生产力，实现国家现代化，让中国人民富裕起来，振兴伟大的中华民族。

【答案】In1978,ourPartyconvenedthethirdPlenarySessionofthe11thCentralCommitteeoftheCPCwithgreathistoricalsignificance,openinganewhistoricalperiodofreformandopeningup.Sincethen,theChineseCommunistsandtheChinesepeople,withtheirindomitablespiritofenterpriseandgreatinnovationandpractice,havewrittenanewepicofperseveranceandfortitudefortheChinesenation.HistoricchangeshavetakenplaceinthefaceoftheChinesepeople,socialistChinaandtheCommunistPartyofChina.ReformandopeningupisagreatnewrevolutionthatthePartyisleadingthepeopletocarryoutinthenewera.Itspurposeistoliberateanddeveloptheproductiveforces,modernizethecountry,enrichtheChinesepeopleandrevitalizethegreatChinesenation.

22.单选题

Hisexpenditureonholidaysandluxuriesisratherhighin___tohisincome.

问题1选项

A.comparison

B.proportion

C.association

D.calculation

【答案】B

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项comparison“比较；对照；比喻；比较关系”；B选项proportion“比例，占比；部分；面积；均衡”；C选项association“协会，联盟，社团；联合；联想”；D选项calculation“计算；估计；计算的结果；深思熟虑”。句意：他在假日和奢侈品上的支出与他的收入___相当高。本句表达“在奢侈品上的支出和收入的比例”，因此B选项正确。

23.单选题

8.

问题1选项

A.Acustomsofficer.

B.Theman'smother.

C.Aschoolheadmaster.

D.Animmigrationofficer.

【答案】D

【解析】W:Weunderstandthatyouarenotattendingschool.

M:I’vebeenattending,but,I’vebeensickrecently.

W:You’veattendedonlythreedayssincelastJuly.

M:Threedays?No.It’sbeenmorethanthat.

W:Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa.

Q:Whatisthewoman?

【解析】推断题。女士说：Wearegoingtohavetotakeawayyourvisa(我们得收回你的签证)，说明女士是一名移民官。

24.翻译题

"Time”saystheproverb“ismoney”.Thismeansthateverymomentwell-spentmayputsomemoneyintoourpockets.(1)Ifourtimeisusefullyemployed,itwilleitherturnoutsomeusefulandimportantpieceofworkwhichwillfetchitspriceinthemarket,oritwilladdtoourexperienceandincreaseourcapacitiessoastoenableustoearnmoneywhentheproperopportunitycomes.Therecanthusbenodoubtthattimeisconvertibleintomoney.Letthose,whothinknothingofwastingtime,rememberthis;letthemrememberthatanhourmisspentisequivalenttothelossofabank-note;andthatanhourutilizedistantamounttosomuchsilverorgold;andthentheywillprobablythinktwicebeforetheygivetheirconsenttothelossofanypartoftheirtime.

Moreover,ourlifeisnothingmorethanourtime.Tokilltimeisthereforeaformofsuicide.(2)Weareshockedwhenwethinkofdeath,andwesparenopains,notrouble,andnoexpensetopreservelife.Butwearetoooftenindifferenttothelossofanhouroraday,forgettingthatourlifeisthesumtotalofthedaysandofthehourswelive.Adayoranhourwastedisthereforesomuchlifeforfeited.Letusbearthisinmind,andwasteoftimewillappeartousinthelightofacrimeasculpableassuicideitself.

Thereisathirdconsiderationwhichalsotendstowarnusagainstlossoftime.Ourlifeisabriefspanmeasuringsomesixtyorseventyyearsinall,butnearlyonehalfofthishastobespentinsleep;someyearshavetobespentoverourmeals;someoverdressingandundressing;someinmakingjourneysonlandandvoyagesbysea;someinmerry-marking,eitheronourownaccountorforthesakeofothers;someincelebratingreligiousandsocialfestivities;someinwatchingoverthesick-bedsofournearestanddearestrelatives.(3)Nowifalltheseyearsweretobedeductedfromthetermoverwhichourlifeextendsweshallfindaboutfifteenortwentyyearsatourdisposalforactivework.Whoeverremembersthiscanneverwillinglywasteasinglemomentofhislife.“Itisastonishing"saysLordChesterfield,“thatanyonecansquanderawayinabsoluteidlenessonesinglemomentofthatportionoftimewhichisallottedtousinthisworld.Knowthetruevalueoftime;snatch,seize,andenjoyeverymomentofit!”

Alltimeisprecious;butthetimeofourchildhoodandofouryouthismorepreciousthananyotherportionofourexistence.Forthosearetheperiodswhenalonewecanacquireknowledgeanddevelopourfacultiesandcapacities.(4)Ifweallowthesemorninghoursoflifetoslipawayunutilized,weshallneverbeabletorecouptheloss.Aswegrowolder,ourpowerofacquisitiongetsblunted,sothattheartorsciencewhichisnotacquiredinchildhoodoryouthwillneverbeacquiredatall.Justasmoneylaidoutatinterestdoublesandtremblesitselfintime,sotheprecioushoursofchildhoodandyouth,ifproperlyused,willyieldusincalculableadvantages.“Everymomentyoulose,”saysLordChesterfield,“issomuchcharacterandadvantagelost;asontheotherhand,everymomentyounowemployusefullyissomuchtimewiselylaidoutatprodigiousinterest.”

Aproperemploymentoftimeisofgreatbenefittousfromamoralpointofview.IdlenessisjustlysaidtobetherustofthemindandanidlebrainissaidtobeSatan'sworkshop.Itismostlywhenyoudonotknowwhattodowithyourselfthatyoudosomethingillorwrong.Themindoftheidlerpreysuponitself.

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage,andthentranslatetheunderlinedpartsnumberedfrom(1)to(4),fromEnglishintoChinese.

【答案】（1）如果我们的时间使用得当，我们就能生产出有用的、重要的产品，而这些产品会在市场上赢得其价值。或者我们能利用这些时间充实经验，增长才干，而时机来临时又能转化为钱。

（2）我们想到死，便惊恐不已，因而不惜一切努力、麻烦和费用来保全我们的生命。可是，我们对于损失一个小时或者一天的时间却往往漠不关心，忘记了我们的生命原本就是我们生活的每一天、每一小时的总和。

（3）现在如果从我们的寿命中扣除所有这些岁月，我们将会发现，能受我们支配的有效的工作时间大约仅十五或二十年而已。谁能记住这一点，谁就不会心甘情愿地浪费他生命的每一刻时间。

（4）如果我们让这些生命的早晨时光悄悄溜走，未得到利用，这损失将永远也无法弥补。等我们长大了，获得知识的能力就变得迟钝了，因此在童年和青年时期未能获得的知识和技能将永远不能获得了。

25.单选题

Awayfromtheirprofession,scientistsareinherentlynomorehonestorethicalthanotherpeople.Butintheirprofessiontheyworkinanarenathatputsahigh（）onhonesty.

问题1选项

A.conviction

B.inference

C.caution

D.premium

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配题。putahighpremiumon"髙度重视"。句意：离开他们的职业，科学家本质上并不比其他人更诚实或更有道德。但在他们的职业生涯中，他们是在一个髙度重视诚信的领域里工作的。

26.单选题

Mostpeoplewouldprobablyagreethatmanyindividualconsumeradvertsfunctiononthelevelofthedaydream.Bypicturingquiteunusuallyhappyandglamorouspeoplewhosesuccessineithercareerorsexualterms,orboth,isobvious,advertsconstructanimaginaryworldinwhichthereaderisabletomakecometruethosedesireswhichremainunsatisfiedinhisorhereverydaylife.

Anadvertforasciencefictionmagazineisunusuallyexplicitaboutthis.Inadditiontotheprimaryusevalueofthemagazine,thereaderispromisedaccesstoawonderfuluniversethroughtheproduct—accesstoothermysteriousandtantalizingworldsandepochs,therealmsoftheimagination.Whenstudyingadvertising,itisthereforeunreasonabletoexpectreaderstodecipheradvertsasfactualstatementsaboutreality.Mostadvertsarejusttoomeagerininformativecontentandtoorichinemotionalsuggestivedetailtobereadliterally.Ifpeoplereadthemliterally,theywouldsoonbeforcedtorealizetheirerrorwhentheglamorouspromisesheldoutbytheadvertsdidn'tmaterialize.

Theaverageconsumerisnotsurprisedthathispurchaseofthecommoditydoesnotredeemthepromiseoftheadvertisement,forthisiswhatheisusedtoinlife:theindividual’spursuitofhappinessandsuccessisusuallyinvain.Butthefantasyishistokeep;inhisdreamworldheenjoysa“futureendlesslydeferred”.

TheEstivaliaadvertisquiteexplicitaboutthefactthatadvertisingshowsusnotreality,butafantasy;itdoessobyopenlyadmittingthedaydreambutinawaythatinsistsontheexistenceofabridgelinkingdaydreamtoreality—Estivalia,whichis“fordaydreambelievers”,thosewhorefusetogiveuptryingtomakethehazyidealofnaturalbeautyandharmonycometrue.

Ifadvertsfunctiononthedaydreamlevel,itclearlybecomesinadequatetomerelycondemnadvertisingforchannelingreaders’attentionanddesirestowardsanunrealistic,paradisiacalnowhereland.Advertisingcertainlydoesthat,butinorderforpeopletofinditrelevant,theutopiavisualizedinadvertsmustbelinkedtooursurroundingrealitybyacasualconnection.

1.Thepeopleinadvertsareinmostcasesare（

）.

2.Whentheglamorouspromisesheldoutbytheadvertsdidn’tmaterialize,theaverageconsumerisnotsurprised,because

（

）.

3.What’sthebridgelinkingdaydreamtorealityinadverts?

4.Whatisthispassagemainlyconcernedwith?

问题1选项

A.happyandglamorous

B.successful

C.obvious

D.bothAandB

问题2选项

A.Theconsumerisusedtothefactthattheindividual’spursuitofhappinessandsuccessisusuallyinvain.

B.Advertsarefactualstatementsaboutreality.

C.Theconsumercancomeintotherealmsofimaginationpicturedbyadverts.

D.Advertscanmaketheconsumer’sdreamscometrue

问题3选项

A.Theproduct.

B.Estivalia.

C.Pictures.

D.Happyandglamorouspeople

问题4选项

A.Manyadvertscanbereadliterally.

B.Everyonehasadaydream.

C.Manyadvertsfunctiononthelevelofthedaydream.

D.Manyadvertsaredeceitfulbecausetheycannotmakegoodtheirpromises.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:细节事实题。根据第一段中“Bypicturingquiteunusuallyhappyandglamorouspeoplewhosesuccessineithercareerorsexualterms,orboth,isobvious,advertsconstructanimaginaryworldinwhichthereaderisabletomakecometruethosedesireswhichremainunsatisfiedinhisorhereverydaylife.广告通过描绘非常快乐和迷人的在事业或性方面的成功是显而易见的，广告构建了一个想象的世界，在这个世界里，读者能够使那些在他或她的日常生活中仍未得到满足的愿望成为现实。可知大多数广告里的人们都是表现得快乐和迷人，并且成功的。故D项正确。

第2题:细节事实题。由第三段“...forthisiswhatheisusedtoinlife:theindividual’spursuitofhappinessandsuccessisusuallyinvain.这就是他过去所习惯的生活——追求个人幸福和成功通常是徒劳的。可知A项正确。答案A

第3题:细节事实题。由倒数第二段中“...itdoessobyopenlyadmittingthedaydreambutinawaythatinsistsontheexistenceofabridgelinkingdaydreamtoreality—Estivalia...可知连接白日梦和现实之间的桥梁是Estivalia。故B项正确，答案B

第4题:主旨大意题。由第一段中“Mostpeoplewouldprobablyagreethatmanyindividualconsumeradvertsfunctiononthelevelofthedaydream.大多数人可能会同意，许多个人消费者广告的功能在白日梦的水平。”与最后一段“Ifadvertsfunctiononthedaydreamlevel...如果广告在白日梦层面发挥作用……。”可知本文主要讲述了大部分广告都有让人做白日梦的功能。故C项正确。

27.单选题

Thecomplexityofpopularcultureisoftenoverlookedinoursociety.Peopleexpressconcernaboutthesocialeffectsofpopularculture——forexample,theinfluenceoftelevisionviolenceonchildren.Yetmostpeoplelookdownonthestudyofpopularculture,asifitcontainsnothingofsignificance.Thiscontradictionmakesitdifficultsometimestoinvestigateanddiscusspopularculture.

AsU.S.Americans,weareinauniquepositioninrelationshiptopopularculture.ProductsofU.S.popularculturearewellknownandcirculatewidelyontheinternationalmarket.ThepopularlyofU.Smusicstars,suchasMichaelJacksonandMadonna,andofHollywoodfilmsandtelevisionshowscreatesanunevenflowoftextsbetweentheUnitesStatesandothernations.ScholarsElihuKatzandTamarLiebesnotedthe“apparenteasewithwhichAmericantelevisionprogramscrossculturalandlinguisticfrontiers”.Indeedthephenomenonissotakenforgrantedthathardlyanysystematicresearchhasbeendonetoexplainthereasonswhytheseprogramsaresosuccessful.

Incontrast,U.S.AmericansarerarelyexposedtopopularculturefromoutsidetheUnitedStates.Exceptionstothislargelyone-waymovementofpopularcultureincluderockstarswhosinginEnglish.Considerhowdifficultitist