土木工程专业英语常用词汇

时间：二时间：二O二一年七月二十九日时间：二时间：二O二一年七月二十九日CivilEngineeringCivilEngineering时间：二O二一年七月二十九日PartIV：CommonlyUsedProfessionalTermsofPartIV：CommonlyUsedProfessionalTermsofdevelopmentorganization建设单元developmentorganization建设单元designorganization设计单元constructionorganization施工单元reinforcedconcrete钢筋混凝土pile桩steelstructure钢结构aluminiumalloy铝合金masonry砌体（工程）reinforced~配筋砌体loadbearing~承重砌体unreinforced非配筋砌体permissiblestress(allowablestress)容许应力plywood胶合板retainingwall挡土墙finish装修finishingmaterialventilation通风natural~自然通风mechanical~机械通风diaphragmwall(continuousconcretewall)地下连续墙villa别墅momentofinertia惯性矩torque扭矩stress应力normal~法向应力shear~strain应变agehardening时效硬化airconditioningsystem(air)voidration（土）空隙比alberyalmerylengthantiseismicjoint防震缝architecturalappearance建筑外观architecturalarea建筑面积architecturaldesign建筑设计fiashing泛水workability(placeability)和易性safetyglasstemperedglass(reinforcedglass)钢化玻璃foamedglassasphalt沥青felt(malthoid)油毡rivetedconnection铆接welding焊接screwedconnection螺栓连接oakum麻刀,麻丝tee三通管tap存水弯esthetics模板（工程shoring支撑batching配料slipformconstruction(slipforming)滑模施工lfitslabconstruction升板法施工massconcrete年夜体积混凝土terrazzo水磨石constructionjoint施工缝honeycombdeepfoundation深基础shallowfoundationdepthfoundationfoundation条形基础raftfoundationboxfoundation箱形基础BSMT=basement地下室lift电梯 electricliftwell电梯井escalator自动扶梯Poisson’sratio泊松比μYoung’smodulus,modulusofelasticity量Esafetycoefficient平安系数fatiguefailure疲劳破坏bearingcapacityoffoundations地基承载力bearingcapacityofapile单桩承载力twowayreinforcement双向配筋reinforcedconcretetwowayslabs钢筋混凝土双向板singlewayslab单向板windowblind窗帘sunblindwindload风荷载curing养护watertightconcrete防水混凝土whitecement白水泥separatingofconcrete混凝土离折 segregationconcretemortar砂浆 ~joint灰pilaster壁柱fireratingbrick耐火砖standardbrickterracotta琉璃瓦mosaic马赛克ceramicmosaic陶瓷锦砖,马赛克,ceramicmosaictileceramictile瓷砖rubblewallmarblegranitereadymixedconcrete商品混凝土,预拌混凝土realestatereinforcementbar钢筋veinforcementmeal,reinforcingbar, reinforcingsteelreinforcementcover混凝土呵护层reinforcementmat钢筋网,reinforcingmeshreinforcingratio配筋率reinforcementpercentagereinforcingworkresidentialbuildingrigidfoundationroof屋顶,屋盖,屋面;roofboard屋面板;roofgarden屋顶花园roofliveload屋面活荷载rusticterrazzosandcushionsawtoothskylight锯齿形天窗scaffold脚手架sill窗台siltysoildoordoubledoorsinglereinforcemen单筋slidingdoorwindowstairrail(ing)楼梯栏杆,楼梯扶手stairstep楼梯踏步stairstring(er)楼梯梁stairclearance楼梯净空高度stairheadroomsteelforms钢模板storeroomdrawingssoftsubstratum软弱下卧层sunlouver遮阳板supportingblock支座supportinglayer持力层tensilereinforcement受拉钢筋tensilesteel,tensionreinforcementterraceroof平屋顶thermalinsulationventilationtimberstructure木结构woodstructuretoilet盥洗间,浴室,茅厕,便池tracingpaper描图纸lawn草坪treatmentofelevation立面处置drawingboard绘图板triaxialcompressiontest三轴压缩试验tubularsteelscaffoldingdistributedloadbar光面钢;threadbarurinalvalley天沟ventilatingskylight通风天窗waterproofbarrier防水层aquatardTerzaghibearingcapacitytheory太沙基承载力理论Terzaghiconsolidationtheory太沙基固结理论foundationtreatment地基处置foundationpressure基底压力span跨度specificgravitylime熟石灰,消石灰hydration水化作用plasterofParis熟石膏portlandcementportlandblastfurnaceslagcementflyashcementcementft灰质硅酸盐水泥gasfoamingadmixtureretardingadmixturewaterreducingagentairentrainedagent加气剂slumpwatercementratio水灰比w/carchitecturallighting建筑采光,建筑照明architecturalperspectivesection建筑剖面图architecturalspecificationsworkingdrawing建筑施工图architecturesketcharcwelding电弧焊stressconcentration应力集中multistoriedbuilding多层建筑settlementoffoundation地基沉降tensilestrength抗拉强度compressivestrength抗压强度bendingstrength抗弯强度constructionmaterial建筑资料buildingmaterialcontinuousbeam连续梁towercrane塔式起重机,塔吊SPT=standardpenetrationtest标准贯入度试验wallbetweentwowindows窗间墙stability稳定性stressstraincurvestressstraindiagramdampproofcoatingosmosis渗透osmoticcoefficient渗透系数osmoticpressure渗透压力finiteelementmethod有限单无法finitedifferencemethodfiniteslicemethod条分法deformation变形displacement位移allowablebearingcapacity容许承载力totalanddifferentialsettlement总沉降量和沉降差Mohr’scircleofstress摩尔应力圆snowlaod雪(荷)载bentreinforcementbar弯起钢筋bentsteel弯起钢筋bentupbar弯起钢筋bid投标,标书bidcall招标bidopening开标biddingsheet标价单bidprice出价,投标价格bindingreinforcement绑扎钢筋blockingcourse檐口墙,女儿墙parapet(wall)bloodwood红木redwoodbricklintel砖砌过梁brickmasonrystructure砖石结构BRKT=bracket牛腿buildingheight建筑高度buildingindustrializationbuildinginfitting预埋件buildinglaw建筑法buildingline建筑红线buildingmodule建筑模数buildingorientation建筑物朝向buildingpermitsforconstruction建筑施工执照buildingequipment建筑设备buildingphysicsrubble建筑垃圾buildingstormsewer房屋雨水管built–incupboard壁厨cablestructure悬索结构cablesupportedconstructioncanopycastinplaceconcrete现浇混凝土castinsituconcrete现浇混凝土caterpillarcrane履带式起重机cavitybrickwall顶棚,吊顶,天花板cementfloormortarcentertocenterchainpullswitchcityplanning城市规划civilarchitecturecivilbuildingengineeringbrickclerestory天窗clerestorywindows高侧窗closet盥洗室,茅厕,卫生间coatedglass玻璃幕墙glasscurtainwallcollapsibleloess湿陷性黄土slumpingloesscollartiebeam圈梁combinationbeam组合梁combinationconstruction混合结构shearwall剪力墙shearstrength抗剪强度transom（门上的）亮子bar（粗）beam梁framework框架truss桁架staticallydeterminate~静定桁架staticallyindeterminate~超静定桁架elasticity弹性plasticity塑性stiffness刚度fiexibility挠度bendingmoment弯矩~diagram弯矩图 ~envelope弯矩络线influenceline影响线aggregate骨料coarse~粗骨料fine~细骨料admixture外加剂concretemixer混凝土搅拌机paint油漆density密度viscosity粘度,粘滞性geology地质earthpressure土压力active~主动土压力coarsesand粗砂;mediumsand中砂;finesand细砂artificialdaylight人工采光artificialilluminationartofarchitecturedesign抗震设计backview背立面balcony栏杆,扶手bambooscaffolding竹脚手架bandiron扁铁,扁钢barcutter钢筋切断机barlist钢筋表barspacingboardmoduleBC=buildingcode建筑法规beamandcolumnconstruction（框架结构beamandgirderconstructionconstructionbeamwithoneoverhangingend悬臂梁cantileverbeam,overhangingbeambeamwithsimplysupportedends简支梁simplebeam,simplesupportedbeam,simplysupportedbeambeamwithfixedends固端梁bendingstiffnessstrengthstressbendbar弯起钢筋,弯筋commemorativearchitecture纪念性建筑commercialbuildingscompactedfill压实填土,夯实填土compactedsoilcompactionbylayerscompactionbyrolling碾压compactionbyvibration振动压实compartmentationacceptancecompletiondate竣工日期compressionbar受压钢筋compressionsteelwork隐蔽工程conductor水落管constructionadministration施工管理constructionaldrawing施工图,构造图constructionandinstallationwork建筑装置工程constructioncompany建筑公司constructioneconomicsindustryinprocess在建工程constructionmanagementplan施工组织设计constructionperiodconstructionsite施工现场creep徐变,蠕变crosswall横墙darkroom暗室designdevelopmentphase技术设计阶段designscheme设计方案detaildrawing详图,年夜样图,细部图developmentarea开发区digestiontank化粪池septictank,sewagetankdistributedload分布荷载distributingbars分布钢筋distributionreinforcementBL=deadload恒载,自重doglegstair双折楼梯halfdomesticbuildingdoorwindowdormitory宿舍downspout雨水管,落水管drainspout,fallpipe,leaderpipe,rainconductor,rainleader,rainwaterleaderdripline滴水线dunny茅厕,盥洗室earthquakeintensity地动烈度earthquakeload地动荷载earthquakeresistantdesign抗震设计earthwork土石方工程earthworkquantity土方工程量eave屋檐effectivedepthenameledtile琉璃瓦,釉面砖engineeringgeologicalprospecting工程地质勘探expandedjoint伸缩缝,温度缝shrinkagejoint,temperaturejointfactorybuilding厂房figuredglass图案玻璃,压花玻璃patternedglassfixedwindowskylightflexiblefoundation柔性基础floorloadfloorplan楼屋平面图floortoceilingheightfloortofloorheightstoryheight层高farmedsteel型钢shape(d)steelfoundationbeam基础梁foundationbed基础垫层gable出墙~wallgalvanizediron镀锌铁皮,白铁皮generalarrangementdrawing总体安插图,总平面图generallayout总平面图,总体安插glassfiberreinforcedplastics玻璃纤维增强塑料,玻璃钢gluedboard胶合板gravel砾石;~cobble卵石pebblegravel,pebblestonegroundengineering地基工程groundfloorplan底层平面图groundwatersurface地下水位phreatic(water)surfacegutter明沟,天沟raingutter檐沟,天沟hair麻刀hempmixedsand混合砂mechanicsofmaterials资料力学theoreticalmechanics理论力学elasticmechanicsmechanicsmechanicsfracturemechanics断裂力学soilmechanicsrockmechanicsmechanicsfloorcement快凝水泥acceleratoracceptanceofhiddensubsurfacework隐蔽工程验收acceptanceoftenderacceptanceofworksubelements分项工程验收accesseye清扫孔,检查孔accesshole检修孔accessplate检修孔盖板accordionshades折叠式活动隔断,屏风acid酸alkaliacousticalinsulation隔声redcray红粘土adamicearthadhesivebitumenprimer冷根柢油administrationoftheconstructioncontract施工合同管理aerialledder消防梯nonbearingwall非承重墙nonloadbearingwallnormfordetailedestimates预算定额normforpreliminaryestimates概算定额normforestimatinglaborrequirements劳动定额normforestimatingmaterialrequirements资料定额openditch明沟opentrenchoutsidefinish外装修partion隔壁,~screen隔断peashingle豆砾石,绿豆砂pipelinegas管道煤气plastichinge塑性铰plinth(wall)勒脚pointing(joints)勾缝pointingmasonryporc