2015高考英语一轮 必修五 Unit 3复习题及答案解析

Unit3LifeinthefutureⅠ.单词拼写1．Shelivesinapleasantneighborhoodandenjoysher________(环境)．2．Toourpity，theprojecthadtobeabandonedfor________(缺乏)offunds.3．Hisfirstspeechaspresidentmadeastrong________(印象)onhisaudience.4．Keepingan________(乐观的)stateofmindisgoodforhealth.5．Hecouldn't________(容忍)thenoisedowntownsohedecidedtomovetothecountryside.6．Theyhavenochildrentogether，buteachhasasonfroma________(从前的)marriage.7．Thecrueland________(贪婪的)womanwaspunishedbythetwoboys.8．Which________(开关)doIpresstoturnthelighton?答案1.surroundings2.lack3.impression4.optimistic5.tolerate6.previous7.greedy8.switchⅡ.完成句子1．ThecartoonseriesPleasantGoatandBigBigWolf______________alltheboysandgirls.卡通连续剧《喜羊羊与灰太狼》给孩子们留下了很好的印象。2．Thetripwascancelledfor______________.因为缺乏兴趣，这次旅行被取消了。3．Afterheleftschool，he______________journalism.他毕业后就开始从事新闻工作。4．______________，thehouseseemedtobeempty.乍看起来，这房子似乎空无一人。5．Shemadethe________fulltime________parttimeworkwhenherfirstchildwasborn.第一个孩子出生后她就从全职改为兼职了。答案1.madeagoodimpressionupon/on2．lackofinterest3．tookup4．Atfirstsight5．switchfrom；toⅢ.根据语境填入适当的情态动词，体会情态动词的用法(专项训练)1．Theboy________bereallyannoyingattimes，butafterawhile，you'llgetusedtohim.2．—ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?—Iamafraidyou________，incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.3．—Noone________becomparedwithYaoMinginplayingbasketball.—Oh，youarereallyhisbigfan.4．I________worryaboutmyweekend—Ialwayshavemyplansreadybeforeitcomes.5．Justbepatient.You________expecttheworldtochangesosoon.6．—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?—No，you________.Youreaditinhere.7．It'sbeyondmyunderstandingthatmanyadults________besocrazyaboutHarryPotter.8．Somepeoplewhodon'tliketotalkmucharenotnecessarilyshy；they________justbequietpeople.9．Thetrafficisheavythisday；I________arriveabitlate，socouldyousavemeaplace?10．Whatdoyoumean，thereareonlytentickets?There________betwelve.答案1.can2.must3.can4.needn't5.can't6．mustn't7.should8.may9.might10.shouldⅣ.完形填空体裁：夹叙夹议话题：人生感悟词数：233难度：★★建议用时：15分钟(2013·辽宁卷)AlittlegirllivedinasimpleandpoorhouseonahillUsuallyshe__1__playinthesmallgarden.Shecouldseeoverthegardenfenceandacrossthevalleyawonderfulhousewithshininggoldenwindowshighonanotherhill.__2__shelovedherparentsandherfamily，shedesiredtoliveinsuchahouseand__3__alldayabouthowwonderfulandexciting__4__mustfeeltolivethere.Attheagewhenshegainedsome__5__skillandsensibility(识别力)，she__6__hermotherforabikeride__7__thegarden.Hermotherfinallyallowedhertogo，__8__herkeeqingclosetothehouseandnot__9__toofar.Thedaywasbeautiful.Thelittlegirlknew__10__whereshewasheading！__11__thehillandacrossthevalley，sherodetothe__12__ofthegoldenhouse.[来源:Z,xx,k.Com]__13__shegotoffherbikeandputitagainstthegatepost，shefocusedonthepath__14__tothehouseandthenonthehouseitself.Shewasverydisappointedwhenshe__15__thatallthewindowswere__16__andratherdirty.So__17__andheartbroken，shedidn'tgoanyfurther.She__18__，andallofasuddenshesawanamazing__19__.Thereontheothersideofthevalleywasalittlehouseanditswindowsweregolden.Lookingatherlittlehome，she__20__thatshehadbeenlivinginhergoldenhousefilledwithloveandcare.Everythingshedreamedwasrightthereinfrontofherhouse!【解题导语】在我们的生活中很容易羡慕别人的东西，而不珍惜自己拥有的东西。1．A.mightB．shouldC．wouldD．must答案C[would表示过去常常做某事。句意：通常她会在院子里玩。]2．A.UnlessB．AlthoughC．SinceD．But答案B[句中前后为让步关系，所以用although。句意：尽管她爱她父母及家人，她渴望住在那样的一座房子里。]3．A.dreamedB．worriedC．askedD．shouted答案A[既然渴望住在那样的房子里就整天梦想住在那里会是多么的奇妙和兴奋。]4．A.thisB．thatC．itD．which答案C[it作形式主语，指代不定式tolivethere。]5．A.differentB．scientificwww.C．musicalD．basic答案D[basicskill意为“基本技能”。]6．A.beggedB．blamedC．invitedD．paid答案A[根据下文Hermotherfinallyallowedhertogo可知此处为begged。]7．A.insideB．outsideC．throughD．along答案B[她乞求妈妈允许她到院子外骑车。]8．A.insistingonB．relyingonC．arguingaboutD．wonderingabout答案A[insistonone'sdoing意为“坚持某人做某事”。]9．A.travelingB．runningC．ridingD．walking答案C[妈妈坚持她靠近家骑车，不要骑太远。]10．A.madlyB．rapidlyC．exactlyD．possibly答案C[那女孩准确地知道她朝着哪里去。]11．A.OverB．DownC．AroundD．Beside答案B[骑车越过峡谷当然是从山上往下骑。]12．A.windowsB．stepsC．centerD．gate答案D[她骑车到院子门口。gate大门。]13．A.UntilB．AsC．WhileD．Because答案B[as表示“当……时候”。]14．A.gettingB．introducingC．leadingD．moving答案C[通向房子的小路。leadto意为“通向”。]15．A.feltB．learnedC．concludedD．found答案D[根据下文发现所有的窗子都很平常，很脏，她非常失望。]16．A.transparentB．brightC．plainD．wide答案C[plain意为“不漂亮”。]17．A.anxiousB．angryC．seriousD．sad答案D[失望之余不禁伤心。sad和heartbroen并列。]18．A.turnedaroundB．cheeredupC．settleddownD．droppedin答案A[感到伤心，不再往前走，于是她转身回走。]19．A.hillB．valleyC．backgroundD．sight答案D[突然她看到惊人的景色。峡谷对面的小房子窗子金光闪闪。]20．A.imaginedB．decidedC．realizedD．guessed答案C[看着自己的小房子，她意识到她一直住在充满爱和关心的金色的房子里。]Ⅴ.阅读理解A体裁：说明文话题：快乐生活词数：266难度：★★建议用时：6分钟Inalltheworld'scultures,peoplesing,playinstruments,andcelebratewithmusic.Itplayssuchanimportantroleinourlivesthatallfieldsfocusonitsstudy,includingonelookingatthebiologyofmusic.Expertsarefindingthatbecauseofthewayourbrainsprocessmusic,learningtoplayaninstrumentorjustlisteningtomusiccanhaveawiderangeofbenefits.Musiceducationhasreceivedalotofattention.Learningtoplayaninstrumentcanhelpchildrenimprovemath,science,andlanguageskills.OnestudyinCanadatrackedchildren'sIQscoresforninemonths,discoveringthatchildrenwhostudiedmusichadthebiggesttestscoreimprovements.Thesecretmaylieinthewayreadingmusicandplayingnotesusesseveralareasofthebrain,increasingourabilitytolearnschoolsubjects.Forexample,readingnotesimprovesspatialreasoningskills,whicharehelpfulinsolvingmathproblemslikefractions.Musicisalsousedformedicalpurposes,suchasthetreatmentofdiseaseswhichaffectmemory.Thesecretliesinthewaythebrainprocessesmusic.Oneareaneartheforehead,themedialprefrontalcortex,connectsmusicwithmemoriesstoredintwootherareas：theamygdaleandhippocampus.That'swhyanoldsongcanremindyouofsomethingthathappenedyearsago.ForpatientssufferingfromdiseaseslikeAlzheimer's,listeningtomusiccanhelpunlockburiedmemoriesbystrengtheningmusicalpathwaystomemories.Withtheevidenceofmusic'sbenefitspouringin,it'snowondersomecountriesmakemusicstudyapartoftheireducationsystems.Peoplearerecognizingthatmorethanjustaformofentertainment,musicisalsogreatforthebrain.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了学习音乐以及演奏乐器等的种种益处，其中提到了它可以提高学生的学习成绩以及起到药物治疗的作用等等。1．Scientistsarestudyingmusicbecause________.A．musiccanbeusedformedicaltreatmentsB．musicplaysaveryimportantroleinourlivesC．ourbrainscanprocessmusicindifferentwaysD．musiceducationhasreceivedalotofattention答案B[细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知音乐在我们的生活中发挥着重要的作用，因此人们热衷于对它的作用进行研究。]2．AccordingtotheCanadianstudy，whichchildrenhadincreasedIQscores?A．ThosewhoalreadyhadhighIQs.B．Thosewhohadalwaysplayedmusic.C．Thosewhocouldnotplayanyinstrument.D．Thosewhostudiedmusicforaperiodoftime.答案D[细节理解题。根据第二段的“...discoveringthatchildrenwhostudiedmusichadthebiggesttestscoreimprovements”可知加拿大的研究证明了学习音乐的孩子学习成绩会进步。]3．Whichofthefollowingisakindofdisease?A．Spatialreasoning.B．Alzheimer's.C．Theamygdaleandhippocampus.D．Themedialprefrontalcortex.答案B[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“ForpatientssufferingfromdiseaseslikeAlzheimer's，listeningtomusiccanhelpunlockburiedmemories”可知B项是一种疾病，即老年痴呆症。]4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．MusicandhealthB．MusicandthemindC．MusicandeducationD．Musicandinstruments答案B[主旨大意题。本文主要讨论了音乐对于人们思想的影响，涉足音乐可以促进我们智力的提高，以及改进我们的记忆等情况，因此B项符合题意。]BHumansaren'ttheonlyonesgettingabuzzfromcoffee.Caffeinecanimprovememoryamonghoneybeesandleadstobetterpollination(授粉)，accordingtoarecentstudypublishedinthejournalScience.[来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K]ThestudywasconductedbyateamofresearchersatNewcastleUniversityintheUnitedKingdom.Theyfoundthatthenectar(花蜜)ofsomeflowers，suchasthosefromgrapefruitandlemonplants，aswellascertaincoffeeflowers，containslowdosesofcaffeine.Togetbeestofeedontheseflowers，theteamtrainedtheinsectstoassociatefoodwiththesmelloftheflowers.Theyalsotrainedanothergroupofbeestofeedonnectarfromflowersthatweresweetenedwithasugar，butdidnotcontaincaffeine.After24hours，thebeestrainedoncaffeinatedflowersreturnedtotheseplantsthreetimesasoftenasthosetrainedonthesweetenedflowersreturnedtotheuncaffeinatedplants.ProfessorGeraldineWrightledtheresearchers.“Rememberingfloraltraits(花部特征)isdifficultforbeestoperformatafastpaceastheyflyfromflowertoflowerandwehavefoundthatcaffeinehelpsthebeerememberwheretheflowersare，”Wrightsaidinastatement.Improvedmemoryledtothebetterpollination.That'sbecauseoncebeessipthecaffeinenectar，theycontinuetolookformorecoffeeplantstopollinate.Thisalsosuggeststhatcaffeineplaysaroleinimprovingthebees'abilitytosearchforfood.Researchersfoundthatcaffeine'seffectonthebeebrainissimilartoitseffectonmammals.“Thechangeissimilartothatproducedbycaffeineinneurons(神经元)associatedwithlearningandmemoryintheratbrain，”Wrightsaid.[来源:学,科,网]Beepopulationshavebeendecliningsince2007.Thedramaticdropintheinsects'numbershasseriouseffectsforecosystemsandthefarmingindustry.Beesareneededinthereproductionofcropsandspreadingwildflowerspecies.Understandingwhatkeepsbeesbuzzingcouldhelptomakesurethattheinsectsareabletorememberandpollinatetheirfavoriteflowers.【解题导语】《科学》杂志发表的最新研究表明，咖啡因能够改善蜜蜂记忆力，这有助于提高它们找到食物的能力，从而更好地授粉。5．Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?A．Caffeinehasnoeffectontheratbrain.B．Beepopulationshavebeenincreasing.C．Thenectaroflemonplantscontainscaffeine.D．Beesdislikenectarfromsweetenedflowers.答案C[细节理解题。由第二段可知柠檬植物的花蜜是含有少量的咖啡因。]6．Afterreadingthepassage，John，whoworksinthefarmingindustry，willprobablyfeel________.[来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K]A．angryB．annoyedC．nervousD．excited答案D[推理判断题。由最后一段蜜蜂在农业中的重要作用可推断出从事农业的John读到这篇文章应该感到兴奋。]7．Whichofthefollowingrelationshipsiscorrectaccordingtothepassage?A．improvedmemory→caffeinenectar→betterpollinationB．caffeinenectar→improvedmemory→betterpollinationC．improvedmemory→betterpollination→caffeinenectarD．caffeinenectar→betterpollination→improvedmemory答案B[推理判断题。通读全文可知，含咖啡因的花蜜可以提高蜜蜂记忆力，提高的记忆力有助于蜜蜂记住花的位置，从而有助于更好地授粉。]8．Wecanknowfromthepassagethat________.A．theratisamammalB．caffeinehasnothingtodowithmemoryC．beesaregoodatrememberingfloraltraitsD．GeraldineWrightdidtheresearchonhisown答案A[细节理解题。由倒数第二段咖啡因对蜜蜂大脑的作用类似于其对哺乳动物的作用，而所举的例子是老鼠，故可知老鼠是哺乳动物。]Ⅵ.短文改错Ididn'tgetupearlierasusuallastSunday.Inthemorninghavingfinishedmyhomework,Idosomewashing.Then