2018年浙江省高考英语试卷

2018年浙江省高考英语试卷

第一部分听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你

将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上.第一节（共5小题；每小

题L5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给

的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话

后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题,每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。

1.（1.50分）WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?

A.WatchaTVprogram.

B.Giveatalk.

C.Writeareport.

2.（1.50分）Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A.She'sgenerous.

B.She'scurious.

C.She'shelpful.

3.（1.50分）Whendoesthetrainleave?

A.At6：30.

B.At8：30.

C.At10：30.

4.（1.50分）Howdoesthewomangotowork?

A.Bycar.

B.Onfoot.

C.Bybike.

5.（1.50分）Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Doctorandpatient.

第二节(每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独

白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试

卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒

钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.

6.(3.00分)听第6段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whatdoesthewomanregret?

A.Givingupherresearch.

B.Droppingoutofcollege.

C.Changinghermajor.

(2)Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

A.Ecology.

B.Education.

C.Chemistry.

7.(3.00分)听第7段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whatistheman?

A.Ahotelmanager.

B.Atourguide.

C.Ataxidriver.

(2)Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?

A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.

B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.

C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.

8.(4.50分)听第8段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.

B.Athome.

C.Atarestaurant.

(2)Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?

A.Gotoaconcert.

B.Visitafriend.

C.Workextrahours.

(3)WhoisAlicegoingtocall?

A.Mike.

B.Joan.

C.Catherine.

9.(6.00分)听第9段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?

A.Tolookatanapartment.

B.Todeliversomefurniture.

C.Tohaveamealtogether.

(2)Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

A.Itscolor.

B.Itsdesign.

C.Itsquality.

(3)Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?

A.It'sagoodsize.

B.It'snewlypainted.

C.It'sadequatelyequipped.

(4)Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Godowntown.

B.Talkwithherfriend.

C.Makepayment.

10.(6.00分)听第10段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A.Moviefans.

B.Newsreporters.

C.Collegestudents.

(2)WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?

A.Beforehelefthishometown.

B.AfterhecametoAmerica.

C.Whenhewas15yearsold.

（3）Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

A.He'sproud.

B.He'ssympathetic.

C.He'sgrateful.

（4）Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Howeducationshapedhislife.

B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.

C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25.0

分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题纸上将该项涂黑.

11.（7.50分）

A

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedin

Britain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury-mostexpertsdatethefirst

noveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719-butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.The

steam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages；theliteracy（识字）rate

inEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesof

theauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike"Byalady."Novels,forthemostpart,

werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessional

writerandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththe

publicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwist

toTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens*greatnessis

unchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,

literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficultto

pass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to

1901；todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It's

partlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksof

life.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientific

progress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfalthe

center.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluck

madeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirth

approaches,itispossible-andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhow

hemadehimselfalastingone.

(1)WhichofthefollowingbestdeseribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

(2)DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

(3)Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.lbpromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

12.(10.00分)

B

StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhen

youconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,

includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatis

evenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindthe

plasticshoppingbag.

Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somany

endupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonot

allowthematcheckouts（收车艮台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin

California,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakers

arehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfor

theplanetasmostpeopleassume.

Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers

topurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergyto

produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,they

representasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.

Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasits

replacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelonger

itslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lasting

reusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacotton

bagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.

Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbags

willbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagslor

years.

（1）WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?

A.Helpincreasegrocerysales.

B.Recyclethewastematerial.

C.Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.

D.Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.

(2)Whatdoestheword"headwinds"inparagraph2referto?

A.Bansonplasticbags.

B.Effectsofcitydevelopment.

C.Headachescausedbygarbage.

D.Plasticbagshungintrees.

(3)Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingtoplastic-bagmakers?__

A.Theyarequiteexpens.

B.Replacingthemcanbedifficult.

C.Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.

D.Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Plastic,PaperorNeither

B.Industry,PollutionandEnvironment

C.RecycleorThrowAway

D.GarbageCollectionandWasteControl

13.(7.50分)

C

Asculturalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFord

wasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingoff

theassemblyline(装配线)onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswere

producedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionof

them.

ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.Thecarshapedsome

ofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture：theroadsidediner,thebillboard,

themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresented

whatitmeanttobeAmerican-goingforwardathighspeedtofindnew

worlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmerican

ideas,bornofabundantpetrol,cheapcarsandanever-endinginterstate

highwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.

In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith"achickenineverypotanda

carineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlooking

back,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrial

power.

ThecarsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobal

ecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince

1990.

Theproblemsofexcessive(过度的)energyconsumption,climatechangeand

populationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomas

L.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.

Friedmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy(经济)isachancetokeep

Americanstrength."Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesfor

producingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethe

curreneyofpowerinthenewcentury."

(1)Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?

A.ToexplainAmericans'lovefortravellingbycar.

B.ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.

C.TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.

D.TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.

(2)WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?

A.Declineofeconomy.

B.Environmentalproblems.

C.Ashortageofoilsupply.

D.Afarm-basedsociety.

(3)WhatisFriedman*sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?

A.Ambiguous.

B.Doubtful.

C.Hopeful.

D.Tolerant.

第二节(满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最

佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.

14.(10.00分)Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexciting

experience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanaceeptedand

valuablepartofyournewneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisisto

makesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.(1)

Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristo

keepyourproperty(房产)neat,clean,andingoodrepair.(2)By

choosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprove

thelookandfeelofthearea.

Second,taketheoverallappearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously.When

goingforawalk,takealongasmallgarbagebag.(3)Thissmallactwill

letyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.

(4)Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailand

newspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Let

themknowthatyouaretheretohelpinanywaythatisacceptable,whilestill

respectingtheprivaryofyourneighbor.

(5)Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareof

whatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodin

general,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciates.

A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.

B.Agoodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.

C.Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.

D.Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.

E.Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.

F.Peopletendtotakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandinviting.

G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.

第三部分语言运用(共两节)第一节完形填空(共20个小题；每小题1.5分,

满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、(:和D四个选项中，选

出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑

15.(30.00分)Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit

(1)tohavetoomuchtime?

I(2)backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso

(3)ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodo

myhomework,andIhadtodoit(4).

WhenIgotintocollege,things(5).Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutof

classbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis(6)time,therewasnosense

of(7)todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionof

waitinguntilitlaterbecamea(8).Oncethathappened,Ijustkept

(9)mystudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothe

pointwhereIwas(10)reallylateatnighttogetmyworkdone.

OnedayI(11)aformerclassmateofminewhowas(12)a

lotofmoneyrunningasideline(副业).Sincehisregularjobwas(13),

Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,

hewould(14)havetoomuchtimeandwouldjustdowhatIdidbackin

(15).Hesaidthatifhe(16)thejob,hewouldlosehis(17)

toworkandsucceed.

So,try(18)yourtimewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa(19)

thatifyouwantsomethingdone,aska(20)persontodoit.

(1)A.trueB.fairC.strangeD.possible

(2)A.rememberB.admitC.understandD.expect

(3)A.watchedB.lovedC.coachedD.played

(4)A.atlastB.rightawayC.ofcourseD.asusual

(5)A.happenedB.repeatedC.changedD.mattered

(6)A.extraB.difficultC.valuableD.limited

(7)A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.direction

(8)A.burdenB.reliefC.riskD.habit

(9)A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling

(10)A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff

(11)A.metB.helpedC.treatedD.hired

(12)A.raisingB.wastingC.demandingD.making

(13)A.safeB.importantC.boringD.rewarding

(14)A.luckilyB.hardlyC.hopefullyD.simply

(15)A.childhoodB.collegeC.townD.business

(16)A.quitB.foundC.acceptedD.kept

(17)A.heartB.chanceC.driveD.way

(18)A.savingB.fillingupC.givingupD.trading

(19)A.messageB.storyC.sayingD.fact

(20)A.carefulB.busyC.reliableD.kind

第三部分语言运用(共两节)第二节(每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材

料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.

16.(15.00分)FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimeto

cook.MakingChinese(1)(dish)

isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners(2)cometoChina

cookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap(3)

canbetoeatout.Istillremember(4)(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhere

forfiveyearsandI(5)(shock)whenIlearntshehadn'tcookedoncein

allthattime.

Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto(6)(become)commonformany

youngpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney；

eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe(7)(afford)butdoingthismostdays

addsup.Therecouldbeaneven(8)(high)costonvour

health.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreasein

foodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein（9）（weigh）problems.

Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttime

yougotoyourmums'home（10）dinner,getafewcookingtipsfrom

her.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonly

onyourhealthbutinyourpocket.

第四部分写作（共两节）第一节应用文写作（满分15分）

17.（15.00分）假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学

生.请你写信应聘，内容包括：

1.口语能力；

2.相关经验；

3.应聘目的.

注意：

1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯.

第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之

构成一个完整的故事.

18.（25.00分）Itwassummer,andmydadwantedtotreatmetoavacationlike

neverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.

WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.We

reachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,picked

usupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.

HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegottoknowhissonsRyanand

Kyle.MydadandIspentthenightintheguestroomofthefarmhouselisteningto

thefrogsandwaterrollingdowntherivernearby.Veryearlyinthemorning,Uncle

Paulwokeusuptohavebreakfast."Thedaystartsatdawnonmyfarm,”he

said.Afterbreakfast,IwenttohelpAuntTinafeedthechickens,whilemydad

wentwithUnclePaultotakethesheepouttograze（吃草）.Iwasimpressedtosee

mydadandUnclePaulridinghorses.Theylookedreallycool.

Intheafternoon,IaskedUnclePaulifIcouldtakeahorseride,andhesaid

yes,aslongasmydadwentwithme.Iwasn'tgoingtotakeahorseridebymyself

anyway.So,mydadandIputonournewcowboyhats,gotonourhorses,and

headedslowlytowardsthemountains."Don'tbelateforsupper,"UnclePaulcried,

"andkeeptothetracksothatyoudon'tgetlost!""Ok!"mydadcriedback.Aftera

whileUnelePaulandhisfarmhousewereoutofsight.Itwassopeacefulandquiet

anlthecolorsofthebrownrocks,thedeepgreenpinetrees,andthelate

afternoonsunmixedtocreateamagicscene.Itlookedlikeabeautifulwoven（编

织的）blanketspreadoutuponthegroundjustforus.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语.

Suddenlyalittlerabbitjumpedoutinfrontofmyhorse.

Wehadnoideawherewewereanditgotdark.

2018年浙江省高考英语试卷

参考答案与试题解析

第一部分听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你

将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上.第一节（共5小题；每小

题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给

的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话

后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是Co

1.（1.50分）WhatwillJamesdotomorrow?

A.WatchaTVprogram.

B.Giveatalk.

C.Writeareport.

【分析】略

【解答】B

【点评】略

2.（1.50分）Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman?

A.She'sgenerous.

B.She'scurious.

C.She'shelpful.

【分析】略

【解答】C

【点评】略

3.（1.50分）Whendoesthetrainleave?

A.At6：30.

B.At8：30.

C.At10：30.

【分析】略

【解答】C

【点评】略

4.（1.50分）Howdoesthewomangotowork?

A.Bycar.

B.Onfoot.

C.Bybike.

【分析】略

【解答】B

【点评】略

5.（1.50分）Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Classmates.

B.Teacherandstudent.

C.Doctorandpatient.

【分析】略

【解答】A

【点评】略

第二节（每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独

白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试

卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒

钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.

6.（3.00分）听第6段材料，回答下列各题.

（1）Whatdoesthewomanregret?

A.Givingupherresearch.

B.Droppingoutofcollege.

C.Changinghermajor.

(2)Whatisthewomaninterestedinstudyingnow?

A.Ecology.

B.Education.

C.Chemistry.

【分析】略

【解答】BA

【点评】略

7.(3.00分)听第7段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whatistheman?

A.Ahotelmanager.

B.Atourguide.

C.Ataxidriver.

(2)Whatisthemandoingforthewoman?

A.Lookingforsomelocalfoods.

B.Showingheraroundtheseaside.

C.Offeringinformationaboutahotel.

【分析】略

【解答】BC

【点评】略

8.(4.50分)听第8段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?

A.Inanoffice.

B.Athome.

C.Atarestaurant.

(2)Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrowevening?

A.Gotoaconcert.

B.Visitafriend.

C.Workextrahours.

(3)WhoisAlicegoingtocall?

A.Mike.

B.Joan.

C.Catherine.

【分析】略

【解答】CAB

【点评】略

9.(6.00分)听第9段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whydoesthewomanmeettheman?

A.Tolookatanapartment.

B.Todeliversomefurniture.

C.Tohaveamealtogether.

(2)Whatdoesthewomanlikeaboutthecarpet?

A.Itscolor.

B.Itsdesign.

C.Itsquality.

(3)Whatdoesthemansayaboutthekitchen?

A.It'sagoodsize.

B.It'snewlypainted.

C.It'sadequatelyequipped.

(4)Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?

A.Godowntown.

B.Talkwithherfriend.

C.Makepayment.

【分析】略

【解答】AACB

【点评】略

10.(6.00分)听第10段材料，回答下列各题.

(1)Whoisthespeakerprobablytalkingto?

A.Moviefans.

B.Newsreporters.

C.Collegestudents.

(2)WhendidthespeakertakeEnglishclasses?

A.Beforehelefthishometown.

B.AfterhecametoAmerica.

C.Whenhewas15yearsold.

(3)Howdoesthespeakerfeelabouthisteacher?

A.He'sproud.

B.He'ssympathetic.

C.He'sgrateful.

(4)Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?

A.Howeducationshapedhislife.

B.Howhislanguageskillsimproved.

C.Howhemanagedhisbusinesswell.

【分析】略

【解答】CBCA

【点评】略

第二部分阅读理解(共两节)第一节(共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25.0

分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题纸上将该项涂黑.

11.(7.50分)

A

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedin

Britain.Peoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury-mostexpertsdatethefirst

noveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719-butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.The

steam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages；theliteracy（识字）rate

inEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesof

theauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike"Byalady."Novels,forthemostpart,

werelookeduponassilly,immoralorjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessional

writerandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththe

publicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwist

toTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'greatnessis

unchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,

literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficultto

pass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to

1901；todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem.It's

partlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksof

life.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientific

progress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfalthe

center.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluck

madeDickenssuchadistinguishedwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirth

approaches,itispossible-andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhow

hemadehimselfalastingone.

（1）WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?C

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Theywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Theywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D-Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

(2)DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.D

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

(3)Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

【分析】本文主要介绍了狄更斯的伟大成就，以及他在在英国文学史上不可替代

的地位.对比了他出生以前，那时的小说是几乎没有价值的，而在他之后英国文

学的辉煌成就.

【解答】CDA

1.C.细节推理题.根据第一段的Novels,forthemostpart,werelookedupon

assilly,immoralorjustplainbad.可知小说在很大程度上被认为是愚蠢的、不

道德的，或者仅仅是坏的.因此那时的小说是几乎没有价值的.所以答案是C,

2.D.细节推理题.根据第二段的TodayDickens'greatnessis

unchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon(名人堂)ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseasthelouvresellingoffthemonaLisa.可知今天，

狄更斯的伟大是毋庸置疑的.把他从英国文学的万神殿中去除出来，和卢浮宫卖

蒙娜丽莎一样意义重大.所以这是为了表明他在英国文学史上的地位是很重要

的，所以答案是D.

3.A.主旨大意题.本文主要介绍了狄更斯的伟大成就，以及他在在英国文学

史上不可替代的地位，所以答案是A.

【点评】考查人物故事类阅读

解答阅读题的流程

先看懂各段首尾句或短文的第一段，大致明了文章的主题.此后细细地阅读题干

推敲选项的大致设置，

思考作者的行文规律和命题者的出题陷阱，然后带着已经在首尾句获得的信息和

在题目中假设的思路回

头进行有目的性的查找工作，准确率高且耗时相对较少.而我们现在的高考阅读

文章均取自国内外的英

文刊物，少有命题组自行行文的类型，此类文章逻辑严谨，结构清晰，所以气定

神闲地先读完各段的首

句再耐心的推敲考题选项的设置，往往会直接将四个选支排除掉一个或两个，这

无疑对我们的解题帮助

极大，减少了我们判断的压力轻松地将文章读完.

12.（10.00分）

B

StevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhen

youconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,

includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatis

evenmoreinterestingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindthe

plasticshoppingbag.

Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somany

endupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonot

allowthematcheckouts（收银台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesin

California,includingLosAngeles.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakers

arehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfor

theplanetasmostpeopleassume.

Amongthebagmakers'arguments：manycitieswithbansstillallowshoppers

topurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergyto

produceandtransport.Andwhileplasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,they

representasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.

Theindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasits

replacement：reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelonger

itslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lasting

reusablebagsoftenrequiremoreenergytoma