高考英语总复习考点分类练3 推理判断题（一）

考点分类练（三）推理判断题（1）

Passage1（2025浙江诸暨模拟）

主题:家庭关系与个人成长词数:353

难度：★★★☆☆限时:8分钟

Oneday,therewasaknockatthedoorandwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryinga

potofflowers.Foramoment,!didn'tknowwhohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.He

hadn'ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockandawonderfulsurprise.lthas

beenyearssinceIlastcriedaboutanythingbutwhenhesteppedinIwasintears.

WeliveonCanada'swestcoastandmysonlivesontheeastcoast.Despitethe

distance,wevisitedeachotherwithsomefrequency.However,fbrvariousreasons,wehaven't

seeneachotherforovertwoyears.

Asparents,wctendtothinkofourchildrenasbeingyoungandbeinginneedofour

guidanceevenwhentheyhavereachedadulthood.Somehow,though,myson'ssudden

appearanceandhismonth-longvisitthatfollowedletmeseehiminawholenewlight.

Mywifeisillandneedsalotofsupportthesedaysandoursonsteppeduptohelp.There

weresomerepairsneededaroundthehousethatIhadn'tgottentoandhesawthemand

helpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisahomeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingand

maintainingthethingsthatcangowronginanormalhouseholdsohepitchedin.Hehelpedto

preparefoodandtohelphismothergetcomfortablewhenshehadtomovearound.In

general,hetookfrommealoadIhadn,tfullyrealizedIwascarrying.Workingshoulderto

shoulderwiththiscompetent,confidentmanthatIlovedandadmiredwasawonderfuland

surprisingexperience.

Iprobablyshouldn'thavebeensurprisedbecausemysonisnowinhisfifties,isa

successfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIeverhadandmakesfarmore

moneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandIclaimnocreditforhis

success.

MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdidwhenhearrived.Butitwasdifferent

somehow.

l.Whatdoweknowabouttheson'sarrival?

A.Itstruckfearintohisoldfather.

B.ltwasconsideredabreak-in.

C.Itwaswhathisfatherexpected.

D.Ittookthefatherbysurprise.

2.Whaldoestheunderlinedphrasemostprobablymean?

A.Helpedout.B.Droppedin.

C.Shiedaway.D.Heldon.

3.Whydoyouthinktheauthorshedtearswhenhissonleft?

A.Hehadtocarrytheloadagain.

B.Heneededspiritualsupportbadly.

C.Hewasveryproudofhisson.

D.Hewassaddenedbyhisdeparture.

4.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ALong-awaitedbutShort-livedVisit

B.ATimelyandPraiseworthyBackup

C.AnIntelligentandWonderfulOldSon

D.AnUnexpectedVisitfromMySon

Passage2（2025江西萍乡三模）

主题:动物园词数:300

难度：★★★★☆限时：7分钟

In2023,anappealbyactressJoannaLumleytofreetheUK's50cagedelephantswas

turneddownbytheCEOofChesterZoo.Heclaimedthatmodernzoosare“enlightened”

places,a"millionmilesaway“fromhowtheywerehalfacenturyago,andcrucialto

conservation.

Isheright?Weshouldperhapsstartbypointingoutwhathedoesnotsay:thalelephants

dosufferinzoos.Itishardtoavoidthefactthattheseplacesstillmakeanimals

miserable,particularlylargeandintelligentones.Elephants,bigcatsandprimatesclearlydo

notenjoycapiiviiy（圈养）.

Evenairymodernenclosuresdecoratedwithgrassyslopesandprettyvinescannothope

toprovideexactlythesamenaturalsurroundings.Animalspace,rockandscratch

themselves,andoftendieyoung.Asurprisingnumberofzooanimalsareonpsychoactive

drugs.In2000,asurveyofNorthAmericanzoosfoundthatalmosthalfweregivingtheir

gorillasdrugstohelpthemcopewiththeirboringlives.

Defendersofmodernzoostendtosaythattheseanimals'sadlivesserveahigher

cause.Atthepriceofonecagedelephant,wecansavemanymoreinthewild,andmeanwhile

nurturegenerationsofanimallovers,whomightonedaybecomeconservationiststhemselves.

Butwillzoosinspirepeopletobecomeconservationists?Unlikely.Afterall,conservation

isrootedinthephilosophythatwedonothaveanaturaldominationoverotherspccies,orthe

righttousethemaswewill.Butzoosarebuiltontheopposingprinciple——thatofhumansas

consumers,animalstobeconsumed.

“Adullstakechildrentothezootoshowthemtheoriginalsoftheirsofttoy

reproductions/wroteJohnBerger.Itiswheretheygotoleamthatanimalsarenotfellow

creaturesbutthings.

5.WhatdoestheCEOofChesterZoothinkofmodernzoos?

A.Theyareprisonsforanimals.

B.Theyarehabitableforanimals.

C.Thcyaretooremoteforanimalstolive.

D.Theyareunchangedfrom5()yearsago.

6.Whydoestheauthormentionthedrugusephenomenoninzoos?

A.Toprovezooanimals'suffering.

B.TocriticizeIhemanagement.

C.Toimitatenaturalecosystems.

D.Tohighlightanimals'carefreelives.

7.Howdoestheauthordefendhisviewaccordingtoparagraph5?

A.Bylistingzoosuccessstories.

B.Byemphasizinganimalfreedom.

C.Byquotingexpertopinions.

D.Bycomparingconflictingvalues.

8.Whatcanbeimpliedfromthetext?

A.Zoosstrengthenfamilybonds.

B.Zoosenhancewildlifeconservation.

C.Zoosgoagainsttheeducationalrole.

D.Zoosweakenhumans5dominationoveranimals.

Passage3(2025江西赣州二模)

主题:心理学与行为科学词数:333

难度:★★★★☆限时:8分钟

Imaginethis:Robinwa'ksacrossacollegecampusandseesamanfalldownonthe

ground,coughingandcrying.WillRobinstoptohelp?YoumightthinkitdependsonRobin's

personality.HowevenpsychologistsLeeRossandRichardNisbettarguethatthesituationis

moreimportantthanpersonalityinpredictingbehavior.

IntheirbookThePersonandtheSituation.RossandNisbettsuggestthatour

personalitiesarelessimportantinpredictingourbehaviorthanwemightthink,andapowerful

influenceonwhatwedo,oftenoverlooked,isthesituation.Forexample,intheearly

1970s,psychologistsJohnDarleyandDanielBatsonconductedanexperimenton47male

studentsatPrinceton.Eachstudentwasaskedtogiveaspeechinanearbybuildingand,onthe

way,encounteredanactorwhowasindeepsorrow.Theresultsshowedthatnopersonality

trait（特点）couldpredictwhetherastudentstoppedtohelp.Theonlysignificantfactorwas

whetherthestudentwasinahurry.Only10percentofthoseinahurrystopped,while73

percentofthosewithsufficienttimedid.

Thisshowsthatthesituationmatters—apointworthrememberingwhenwejudge

others.Similarly,italsoappliestoourownattemptsatpersonalchange.Manyofusmake

resolutionstochangeourways.Butoften,wefail,asweimaginechangingourselvesasa

person,ratherthanchangingoursituation.Wetellourselvestoeatbetterfood,drinklessand

exercisemore.Butperhapsitwouldbebetterifwetoldourselvestosignupfbraweekly

vegetable-boxdelivery,andjoinarunningclubthatmeetsonFridayeveningsinsteadof

goingtothepub.Ifyoudon'twanttobedistractedbyyourphone,deletethemost

troublesomeapps.

Inshort,ifwewanttoactdifferently,weshouldsunoundourselveswiththingsand

peoplethatencouragethedesiredbehavior.Bychangingoursituation,wemightfinditeasier

toachievetherealpersonalchange.

9.WhydoestheauthormentionRobininthefirstparagraph?

A.Toexplainthedifficultyofmoralchoices.

B.Toillustrateafeatureofcautiousbehavior.

C.Toshowthebenefitofmakingresolutions.

D.Tointroducethetopicofsituationalinfluence.

lO.Whatmattersmostinpredictingbehavioraccordingtotheresults?

A.Timeurgency.

B.Personalitytraits.

C.Academicbackground.

D.Genderdifferences.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuggestionoftheauthor?

A.Promisingafriendtocathealthily.

B.Workingwithdisciplinedpeople.

C.Repeatingthegoalsaloudeachnight.

D.Listingreasonstoavoidsocialmedia.

12.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhatTrulyShapesOurPersonality

B.WhatReallyDrivesHumanBehavior

C.HowPeopleMakePracticalResolutions

D.HowValuesConflictinMoralDilemmas

答案:

Passage1

【语篇导读】本文是一篇北叙文。文章讲述了一位父亲如何在儿子意外来访后,重新认

识并欣赏已经成熟的儿子以及儿子在家庭中提供的灵持和帮助。

1.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Foramoment」didn,tknowwhohewasand

then,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn'ttoldushewascomingandseeinghimwasashockand

awonderfulsurprise.”可知,儿子的到来让父亲感到非常意外。

2.A词句猜测题。根据上文的内容“Thereweresomerepairsneededaroundthehouse

thatIhadn'tgottentoandhesawthemandhelpedmetomakethemhappen.Heisa

homeownerandisthereforeskilledatfixingandmaintainingthethingsthatcangowrongin

anormalhousehold”可知，儿子擅长修理和维护普通家庭里可能出问题的东西，所以，儿子

能帮上忙，画线短语pitchedin的意义为“帮忙"，与helpedout意义一致。

3.C推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Iprobablyshouldn'thavebeensurprisedbecausemy

sonisnowinhisfifties,isasuccessfulbusinessconsultant,ownsalargerhousethanIever

hadandmakesfarmoremoneythanIeverdid.IwonderhowheevergottobethatwayandI

claimnocreditforhissuccess."和第六段"MysonleftrecentlyandagainIshedtearsasIdid

whenhearrived.Butitwasdifferentsomehow.”可以推断出，作者为儿子的成功和成长感到

骄傲而流泪。故选C项。

4.D主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特另1是第一段中“Oneday,therewasaknockat【hedoor

andwhenIopenedit,inwalkedmysoncarryingapotofflowers.Foramoment,!didn'tknow

whohewasandthen,suddenly,hewasthere.Hehadn'ttoldushewascomingandseeinghim

wasashockandawonderfulsurprise/^知，文章主要讲述了儿子意外来访,给家庭带来了

巨大的帮助和支持，让父亲重新认识了已经成熟的儿子。因此，最佳标题是D项“An

UnexpectedVisitfromMySon（我儿子的意外来访）

提分干货

高频1.maintainM维护;维修2.competenta的.能干的

词汇3.consultant〃.顾问

熟词

credit（生）〃.功劳（熟）〃.学分;信用

生义

l.intears流泪2.stepup(tohelp)站出来(帮忙)

重点

3.shouldertoshoulder并肩4,shedtears流泪

短语

5.ingeneral通常，一般说来

Workingshouldertoshoulderwiththiscompetent,confidentmanthatIlovedand

admiredwasawonderfulandsurprisingexperience.

分析:本句为主从复合句。Workingshouldertoshoulderwiththis

难句

competent,confidentman为现在分词短语作主语;thatIlovedandadmired为

分析

that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词man。

译文:与这位我深爱和钦佩的能干而自信的人并肩做事是一段美妙而惊喜的

经历。

Passage2

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代动物园不能为动物提供适宜的

生存环境,违背了其教育职责。

5.B推理判断题。根据第一段中“Heclaimedthatmodernzoosareuenlightened,places,a

Millionmilesaway'fromhowtheywerehalfacenturyago,andcrucialtoconservalion.“可

知，切斯特动物园的CEO认为现代动物园适合动物居住。

6.A推理判断题。根据第三段中“Animalspace,rockandscratchthemselves,andoftendie

young.Asurprisingnumberofzooanimalsareonpsychoactivedrugs.In2000,asurveyof

NorthAmericanzoosfoundthatalmosthalfweregivingtheirgorillasdrugstohelpthem

copewiththeirboringlives.”可推知，作者提到动物园中使用药物的现象是为了证明动物

园中的动物的痛苦。

易错点拨:本题易错选D项。作者提到动物园动物使用精神药物(psychoactivedrugs)是

为了说明它们因圈养生活而承受巨大压力，甚至需要药物来缓解痛苦(如大猩猩因无聊而

服药)。这与“无忧无虑的生活”(carefreelives)完全相反。

7.D推理判断题。根据第五段“Butwillzoosinspirepeopletobecome

conservationists?Unlikely.Afterall,conservationisrootedinthephilosophythatwedonot

haveanaturaldominationoverotherspecies,ortherighttousethemaswewill.Butzoosare

builtontheopposingprinciple-thatofhumansasconsumers,animalstobeconsumed.“可

知，作者在第五段中通过比较相互冲突的价值观来捍卫自己的观点。

8.C推理判断题。根据第六段“'Adultstakechildrentothezootoshowthemtheoriginals

oftheirsofttoyreproductions,'wroteJohnBcrgcr.ltiswheretheygotolearnthatanimalsarc

notfellowcreaturesbutthings.”可知，成年人带孩子去动物园，孩子们在那里了解到的是，动

物不是同类，而是事物，由此可以暗示动物园违背了教育职责。

提分干货

|高频1.crucialc@.至关重要的

词汇2.conservation几保护（自然资源、动物等）

3.miserable4力,痛苦的;悲惨的

4.domination〃.支配;控制

5.opposing画.相反的

1.turndown拒绝

重点2.amillionmilesawayfrom...与...…截然K同

短语3.copewith应对;处理

4.berootedin植根于，源于

Passage3

【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了心理学家研究发现情境因素对人类

行为的影响比个性更重要，并通过实验和实例进行了论证，最后提出通过改变情境来实现

个人改变的建议。

9.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“However,psychologistsLeeRossandRichardNisbett

arguethatthesilualionismoiciiiipoilanlIl