语言清单：语法填空中的词类（四）无提示词-冠词介词代词-2026年高考英语二轮复习原卷版

语言清单04语法填空中的词类（四）

（无提示词…冠词/介词/代词it）

01必备知识梳理

。突破策略

1.注意泛指还是特指：如果空格后的名词或“形容词I名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有

格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成，一个（本、种

等）”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些"，一般填the。如果名词后有of

短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。注意冠词的固定搭配。

分析句子成分

2.如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。注意

短语搭配中介词的正确使用；注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或without。

3.通过句式结构和“指代”,判断是否用it：如果指代上文提到的同一个事物,则用it；如果指代天气、时间、

距离或环境情况则用it;如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用il；注意一些固定用法：

dislike/hate/appreciate/dependon/seeto...+il+从句。

Q技法感悟

冠词不定冠词a/an

①表示泛指“某个”。当说话人第一次提及某人、某物时通常用不定冠词；在发音以辅音音素开头

的单词前用a,在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用ano②表示“同一，相同”。③表示“一”这个数

量，但数的概念没有one强烈。④表示“每一”，相当于per/each/every。⑤表示“一类”事物。

定冠词the

①用于普通名词构成的专有名词之前。②用于序数词之前。③用在朝代、世纪前或用在逢十的年

代前.，后者表示“在某世纪几十年代④用于江、河、湖、海、山、岛前\⑤用在表示姓氏的复

数名词之前，表示“一家人''或“夫妻俩⑥用在形容词或分词前，表示某一类人或物。⑦摸/打/

抓（等表动作的词）+$b+介词+the+身体部位。⑧用于形容词或副词的最高级前。⑨用在世界上

独一无二的事物前。⑩特指上文已经提到过的人或事物。

介词表示方位的介词

①across指从较为平坦的表面穿过。②through指从立体的事物中间穿过。③to指“到某处，去某

处”。④under在下面，无接触面。⑤in在里面。⑥into到里面。⑦over在正上

方（无接触面）；on在上面（有接触面）。©around在/向周围。©beneath在下面（有接

触面）。⑩beside在旁边。⑪utof向/在外面。⑫rom从。@eyond在/向较远的

一边，超出。

表示时间的介词

①on指在具体的某一天。②in用在年/月/季节/世纪等大时间之前，或者指上/下午或晚上；也可用

在表示一•段时间的词之前，表示“多久之后③at用在几点钟或night/noon之前。④before在...

之前。⑤unlil直到...时候。⑥during在....期间。⑦for表示延续一段时间。⑧over表示“在....

期间“，表延续。

表示原因的介词

①for表示原因，后面可以跟名词（词组）或动名词。②at/over用在表示情绪的形容词之后，后面跟

代词或名词（词组）。③wilh用在表示情绪的名词之前。④becauseof/owingto/dueto/thankslo之后

不跟陈述句，跟名词（短语）/名词性从句。

其他重要介词

©between表示“两者之间”。②for表示“支持”。©against表示“反对”。@by表示"借助/通过……”，

也可以表示“被……⑤despite表示“尽管”，等于inspiteoL©among表示在三者或三者以上中。

©besides表示“除此之外（还）⑧within表示“在...范围之内”。©except表示同类事物除外。

⑩exceptfor表示与整体陈述相对的细节修补。

代词itLit指天气、时间、距离、环境等；代替前面提过的事物、群体、想法等或代替指示代词。指不知

性别的孩子和婴儿或不明确的人（由于某种原因而不知对方是谁）。

2.用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。

①It+be+adj.ln.+for/ofsb+不定式

②Ilisnogood/use/uselessdoingsth.做某事是没有好处/用处的。

@1（1be1名词词组（apily/afact/nowondcr...）/ac".1that从句

④It+特殊动词（短语）（seem/appear/tumout/occurtosb...）+that从句

⑤Il+be+过去分词+lhal从句

©1（takessb（ime/patience/effbrl/energytodosth

©iin+think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep...+\\.-\-adjJn.+（for/ofsb）todosth/宾语从句

⑧用于like,enjoy,hate,love,appreciate等表示“喜欢、憎恶”等情感的动词以及dependon/upon,

seeto等动词短语后，再接when,if,that等引导的从句。

附录：

1.不定冠词常见的固定搭配。

haveagiftfor有...的天赋getalift/ride搭便车payavisitto参观

lendsbahand帮助某人asaresult因此atadistance离一段距离

awasteof.......的浪费be/goonadiet节食makealiving谋生

asamatteroffact事实上inasense/way在某种意义上allofasudden突然

2.定冠词的常见固定搭配：

alIhemomeni止匕亥（］；目前intheend最后，最终toleiIthetruth说实话

ontheotherhand另一方面bytheway顺便说一下inthemiddleof在...中间

atthesametime同时onthecontrary相反onthewhole总的来说

inthedistance在远处lothcpoinl中肯；切题makethemost/bestof充分利用

3.介词与名词构成的搭配:

(l)at+名词

ataloss不知所措atthecostof以...的代价atpeace处于和平状态

attheriskofH.......的危险atwar处于战争状态atthemercyof.......支配下；由....摆布

atthesametime同时

(2)on+名词

onexhibition/show/display在展出onaccountof因为onfire着火

onaverage平均；一般地onsale出售；打折onbehalfof代表

onnoaccount/condition决不onthedccrcase/incrcasc在减少应增加onholiday/vacation在度假

(3)by+名词

byaccident/chance偶然地byhand手工bymistake错误地

bytheday按天算bycoincidence碰巧bynature天生地

(4)in+名词

incash用现金付款inchargeof掌管in(kpih在深度上

inreturn作为回报indetail详细地indanger(of)在危险中

inheight在高度上inspiteof尽管inlength在长度上

inexchangefor作为交换infavorof支持，赞成innotime立亥U

incaseof万一；如果：假使innoway决不insupportof为支持...

inplaceof代替inhonourof为向...表示敬意inpossessionof拥有，占有

inmemoryof为了纪念inadditionto另夕卜

(5)of+名词

ofbenefit有益处的ofsignificance有意义的ofhelp有帮助的

ofuse有用的ofimportance重要的ofvalue有价值的

(6)outof十名词

outofbalance失去平衡outoforder发生故障outofbreathI：气不接下气

outofsight看不见outofcontrol失去控制outofthequestion不可能

outofdate过期outofwork失业outoftouch失去联系

(7)under+名词

underattack遭到袭击undertreatment在治疗中underpressure在压力下

undercontrol处于控制之中underrepair在修理中underdiscussion在讨论中

(8)with+名词

withdelighbjoy忘兴地withfear害怕地withdifficulty困难地

withpleasure乐意地withcase轻而易举地

(9)beyond+名词

beyondcompare无与伦比beyonddescription难以描述beyondreach够不到

beyondexpression/words难以表达

(1D)be+adj.+about

beanxiousabout为...忧虑becuriousabout对...好奇

beparticularabout对...讲究/挑剔beworried/concernedabout对...担心

(1l)be+M/.+at

beangrya(因/对...生气begoodat擅长

beastonishedat对...吃惊bepresentat出席

(12)be+a的.+in

beabsorbedin专注于...beactivein积极于...

bedressedin穿着...beengagedin忙于...

berichin富含...beoccupied也忙于...

(l3)be+，U/.+for

beeagerfor渴望...befamousfor因...著名

befitfor适合,胜任...bereadyfbr准备好...

besorryfor对...感到抱歉bepreparedfor为...做好准备

(14)be+〃4+from

beabsentfrom缺席bedifferentfrom不同于

befarfrom远离befreefrom不受....影响

(I5)be+a〃+to

becloseto接近...bedevotedio致力于...

beequalto等于...；胜任....befamiliarto对....熟悉

befriendlyto对...友好beharmfulto对....有害

bekindto对...友好besimilarto与....相似

begratefulto对...心存感激

(I6)be+a4+of

beawareof意识到...befbndof喜欢....beproudof因...而自豪

beshortof缺乏...becriticalof对...挑剔

(17)be+adj.4-with

bebusywith忙于...befamiliarwith对...熟悉becombinedwith与....结合

bepatientwith对...有耐心bepopularwith受....欢迎bepleasedwith对...感到满意

beangrywith（sb）对（某人）生气

（18）介词与其他词构成的搭配：

butfor要不是insteadof代替regardlessof不管，不顾

叩artfrom除...之外upto直到；由……决定accordingto根据

alongwith随着togetherwith连同bymeansof用...办法；借助

owingto因为

(19)“动词+sb+of+sth”结构

accusesbofsth指责/控告某人某事curesbofsth治好某人的某种疾病

ridsbofsth使某人摆脱某物cheatsbofsth骗走某人某物

reir.indsbofsth使某人想起某事informsbofsth通知某人某事

robsbofsth抢劫某人某物warnsbofsth警告某人某事

convincesbofsth使某人确信某事suspectsbofsth怀疑某人某事

(20)”动词+sb+for+doingslh”结构

scoldsbfordoingsth

批评某人做某事

criticizesbfordoingsth

forgivesbfordoingsth

excusesbfordoingsth，原谅某人做某事

pardonsbfbrdoings（h

punishsbfordoingsth因做某事而惩罚某人

thanksbfordoingsth感谢某人做某事

blamesbfordoingsth指责某人做某事

（21）“动词+sb/sth+from+（doing）sth”结构

prcvcnt/stop/kccpsb/sthfromdoingsth阻止某人/物做某事

proiect/preserve/defend/sheltersb/shfrombeingdone保护某人/物免于被...

baiVprohibitsb/sthfromdoingsth禁止某人/物做某事

（22）其他常考的动词与介词的搭配

accountfor占...（比例）;解释...（原因）actas充当;起作用

breakawayfrom脱离；逃离bringabout引起；导致；造成

callfor（去）接；需要；（公开）要求carryout履行；实施；执行

canythrough帮助...渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现

comeacross（偶然）遇见，碰见：发现cometoanend终止，结束

comeupwith提出doharmto对...有害

dowithout没有...也行；没有...而设法对付过去endupwith以....结束

getacross被传达；被理解；把...讲清楚getaround传播；流传；各处走动

geldownlo开始做某事；开始认真注意（或对待）某事gelover解决；克服；控制

getridof除去，去掉；免除，摆脱getthrough正式通过：（用电话）接通，联系上；顺利通过（考试等）

giveriseto使发生givewayto屈服；退让；让步

goagainst违反;与...不符goinfor参加考试（或竞赛）；对某事物有兴趣，爱好

gothrough经历keepintouchwith与...保持联系

lookdownon/upon轻视；瞧不起lookinto调查：审查

makeihebeslof充分利用；尽力而为bemadeupof由...组成

putupwith忍受，容忍seethrough看穿；识破

seeto照料；处理setabout着手做

showaround/round领（某人）参观showoff炫耀；展示

lakein吸入；理解，领会lakeon承担；呈现，具有workout计算出；制定出

（23）it的常用短语或句型。

①WhenitcomestolearningEnglish,readingwidelyisofgreatimportance.当谈到学习英语,广泛阅读很重要。

②Ican"helpitifheisalwayscomplaining.若他总是抱怨，我也没办法。

③Wefinallymadeittotheairportthoughitwasrainy.尽管下雨了，但是我们最终及时赶到J’机场。

©Assomeoneputsit,practicemakesperfect.正如某人所说，熟能生巧。

⑤Itakeitthatyoudon,tagreewiththemanager.我想你不同意经理的意见。

@Itis/hasbeenthreeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.他参军已经三年了。

©I:wasthreeyearsbeforehereturnedhome.过了三年他才回家。

f02

凡固提升

1.（2025新高考I卷）Goisoneofearliestbinary-based（基于二元的）games.

2.（2025新高考I卷）Adecentwinneralwaystriestobeattheopponentnomorethanoneortwo

pointsasagesture（姿态）ofrespectfortheotherside.

3.（2025新高考II卷）Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedmethisone-andtobesure,thefirsttimeI

camehereIneverimaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthisarea.

4.（20251月浙江）Thepriceoffashion—economicallyandenvironmentally—hasledtotheriseofnew

wayofdressing,andit'sbeginningtotakeoffinAustralia,too.

5.（20251月浙江）Customerstodaylookpastthefactthatsomethingissecondhandandfocusinsteadthe

factthattheyhavesomethinguniquetowearandarenotoverstuffingtheirownwardrobes（衣柜）orcontributing

tolandfill.

6.（2025北京卷）Afterall,exploringtheworldshouldn'tcometheplanetsexpense.

1.（2026高三下•河南信阳•开学考试）Fromsoaking,washing,boiling,bleaching（晒白）andpulping（把......化为

纸浆）therawmaterialstoscreening,sunningandcutting,singlesheetofpapertakesmorethantwo

yearstomake.

2.（2026高三上•河南信阳•月考）WhenIwasaboutelevenyearsold,Icouldsometimeswolfdown

fulldozenofthesefrieddumplingsinonesitting.

3.High-precision3Dmodelinghasmappeditsentirestructure,creatingcompletedigitalfoundation.

4.TobjorDrolma,whohasstudiedTibetancultureformanyyears,saidthatGenZhaspassionfor

tradition,andforfashionaswell.

5.ThisJuly,poetsfromtheBRICScountriesfollowedthesamepathandengagedinimpromptupoetry

eventinspiredbytheriver.

6.Technologyhasbecomeessentialtoolforfosteringtouristengagement.（用适当的词填空）

7.Withprofitsjumpingtonearly1.3billionyuanattheboxofficeasofAug26,theink-washanimatedfilm

NobodyhasbrokenpreviousrecordsetbyBigFish&Begonia（2016）,makingitthehighest-earning

domestic2DanimatedfilminChinesecinemahistory.

8.Duringevent,a"UNESCOCityofMusic—Wuxi"logowasrevealed,andthefirstsetofshared

stages,includingvenuesliketheJiugongMusicSpaceonBogongIslandandShengtangHallinYingyueliBlock,was

announced.

9.（2026高三下•河南信阳•开学考试）Chinesecivilizationitsthousandsofyearsofhistoryisjustlike

anoldman,remainingtoughandin:elligent.

10.（2026高三下•河南信阳•开学考试）Today,Guochaoattractspeopleallagesandbackgrounds.

11.（2026高三上•河南信阳•月考）TheyalsousedthesmallAlflightrobot"XiaoHang"toconductaseriesof

experiments,includingresearchonmultimodalinteractiontechnology,whichaimstocreatenatural,simpleand

efficientwayshumanstocommunicatewithmachines.

12.HerworkStoriesoftheSahara,whichwaspublishedin1976,isrichstoriesandvivicdescriptions

oflocalcultures.

13.Tohissurprise,MoraesfoundsomesimilaritiestotheChinesepoetfriendsintheirlovefornatureanda

fondnessforexpressingtheirinnerworldslandscape.

14.Ithasevenbecomeatouristattractionforpeopletoshootphotosofthemselvesnearwhatcouldbedescribed

aworkofart.Magritte,thelateBelgiansurrealistmaster,wouldhaveapprovedoftheBockenheimerWarte

subwaystation.

15.Nothinginmylifebeforepreparedmethisone—andtobesure,thefirsttimeIcamehereInever

imaginedIwouldeverfeelcomfortableinthisarea.Butit'samazinghowyoucanadaptandlearninanew

environment.

16....andtherulersofLucametorealizethatmightbepropertomakehimanofficialinthe

government.

17.Legendhasthatagoat-drawnflamingvehicle,usedtoappearinfrontofthehouse—atalethat

addstoitsmystery.

18.DenisecongratulatedWuxionearningthishonor,emphasizingthatcelebratesthecity'srich

musicalhistoryandinnovativespirit.

19.DenisecongratulatedWuxiearningthishonor;emphasizingthatcelebratesthecity's

richmusicalhistoryandinnovativespirit.

20.Beyondentertainment,thedanceservesasacrucialmechanismtorsocialbondingthatstrengthens

communityconnections,whileitsartisticelementsrepresentthesharedhistoryofHaniandYi,making

alivingsymbolofculturalunity.

此冲刺突破

语法填空

Passage1

【科学研究】

(2026・河北•一模)

Ithasbeen10yearssinceXueying601,China'sfirstpolarfixed-wingplane,1(official)

commenced(开始)serviceinChinaspolarexpedition.TheaircrafthasconductedeightAntarcticexpeditiontasks,

operatedformorethan1,100daysandflownforover2,500hours,with2totalvoyagedistanceof

80C,000kilometers.

InJanuary2016,itflewovertheKunlunStation,China'ssouthernmostresearchstationinAntarctica,ata

lowaltitude,3obtainedvaluableflightdataontakeoffandlandingunderhigh-altitudeplateau

conditions.Oneyearlater,itsuccessfullytookoffandlandedatthestation,4(locate)atanaltitudeof

merethan4,000meters,settinganewrecord.

“We5(acquire)scientificobservationdatacoveringmorethan200,000kmthroughXueying601

forthepast10years/saidCuiXiangbin,headoftheZhongshanStation.Thedatacollectionrangecoverskey

regionsinEastAntarctica,includingPrincessElizabethLand,6theGroveMountainsarelocated.

Thankstothehigh-precisionscientificinstrumentsontheplane,aseriesofresearch7(achieve)

havebeenmade.Thesefindingsprovide8(significance)supportforscientistsstudyingsubglacial(冰

下的)environments,theimpactoficesheetstabilityonsealevelchange,andfor9(conduct)

numericalsimulations(数值模拟)ofpastandfutureicesheetdynamics.Inthefuture,thisZ/PolarEagle"will

continuetousescienceandtechnologyasitswings10(contribute)China'sscientificstrengthtoglobal

polarscientificresearch.

Passage2

(2026•浙江•二模)

ThethirdUNESCOHigh-LevelForumforMuseums,heldinHangzhouonApril23rd,11(draw)over

19Cmuseumcuratorsandexpertsfrommorethan60countries.TheeventfocusedonAl'srevolutionaryeffecton

themuseumindustry.Altools,12(tailor)forrelicdetection,helpmuseumsbettercataogrelicsand

identifyinvisibledamagesinartifacts.However,GaborZsigmond,13(direct)oftheHungarianNational

Museum,stressedthathumanproofreadingofAloutputsremainedcrucialintheAlera.

Participantsdiscussed14Alcouldbringtoexhibitionplanning.Givenatheme,Alcanselect

exhibitsandconstructframeworksusing15(exist)content.MayKhuenChung,leaderoftheNational

MuseumofSingapore,mentionedmuseums*abilitytoanalyzedatabases16customizecontentto

individualpreferences,whichreflectedAl'spracticalvalue.DespiteAl'sadvantages,concernsovercopyrightissues

andethicalproblemswereraisedandtaken17account.Additionally,BrittRomstadnotedtheneedto

buildmoreequityintodigitalspaces.

Aftertheforum,attendeesvisitedtheArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCity,18UNESCOWorld

HeritageSite.GehaneNabil,impressedbyprehistoricstonetools,saidthecommonalitiesbetweenChineseand

Egyptiancivilizationswere19(true)remarkable.Thesesharedelements,sheadded,wouldbecomethe

20(link)thatunitehumanbeings.

Passage3

【科学研究】

(2026•重庆•二模)AChinese-madehumanoidrobothasset21newGuinnessWorldRecordby

walkingabout106kilometersbetweeneasterncitieswithoutstopping.Developedbyatechcompanybasedin

Shanghai,theA222(start)itstripfromSuzhouonthenghtofNovember10andreachedtheBundof

ShanghaiintheearlyhoursofNovember13.

Poweredbythecompany'srapidhot-swapbatterysystem,therobotstayedrunningforthewholejourney.

OnThursday,itwasofficiallyconfirmed23therobothadcoveredatotaldistanceof106.286

kilometers.

"WalkingfromSuzhoutoShanghaiisatoughtaskevenformanyhumans,buttherobotmade

24"saidaseniorvice-presidentofthecompany.Headdedthatthisachievementprovedthe25

(mature)oftherobot'shardware,cerebellarbalancealgorithms(小脑平衡算法)andendurance,whchlaidasolid

foundationforitslarge-scalecommercialuse.

26(equip)withdoubleGPSmodules,LiDARandinfrared(红外线的)depthsensors,theA2could

navigatecomplex27[situation)liketrafficlights,narrowpassagesandcrowdedsidewalks.It

maintainedstablesensedayandnight,travelingonasphalt(沥青)roads,walkways,bridgesandslopeswhile

28(observe)trafficrulesstrictly.

Uponarrival,therobottoldreportersthatthejourneywasareally29(forget)experienceinits

machinelife,30(humorous)notingthatitmightneednewshoes.

Passage4

(2026•辽宁•一模)

AmongthefoundationalcornerstonesofearlyChinesecivlization,HongshanCultureholdsaplaceof

profoundsignificance.HongshanCulture,flourishingroughlyfrom4700to2900BCEin31isnow

LiaoningProvinceandneighboring-egions,stands32oneofChina'smostremarkableNeolithic(新石

器)cultures.Themostfamoussite,Niheliang,33(feature)amagnificenttempleandrubble-mound

stonetombs.HongshanCultureis34(unique)characterizedbyitsritual(礼仪的)practices,which

reflectasophisticatedsocialstructurefarbeyondmanycontemporarycultures.

HongshanCulture,35influencespreadsacrossavastareaofNortheastChina,offersa

fascinatinginsightintoearlyChinesecivilization.Itisfamedforitsjadeartifacts,suchastheiconicX-shaped

dragon“andpig-dragonstatuesthatdemonstrateanunparalleledlevelofcraftsmanshipanda3b

(symbol)beliefsystem.Besides.ade,Hongshanpeoplealsobuiltlarge-scaleceremonialsires,37

(highlight)theirorganizationalcapabilities.

Equallynotableisthe38(maintain)ofculturalcontinuityintheregion.ElementsofHongshan's

jadeartandritualtraditionshavegreatlyinfluencedlaterChinesecivilizations,forming39important

linkinthecountry'sculturalheritage.Today,ongoingarchaeologicalworkenablesnewevidence40

(uncover)everyyear;helpingusbetterunderstandtheoriginsofancientChinesesocietiesandtheirspiritual

world.

Passage5

(2026高三下•重庆沙坪坝•开学考)

Asancientcivilizationsenterthemassdigitalentertainmentecosystem,gamesarebeingrequested41

(serve)asnewformsofculturalrepresentation.Thisyear;thesetwoworldsareconnected.Tocelebratethe

game's10thanniversary,themobilegameHonorofKingsiscooperatingwiththeSanxingduiMuseumandfilm

directorZhangYimoutointroduceSanxingdui-inspiredin-gameskins,aseries42transformsancient

relicsintodigitalsymbols.

Usingthecivilization'smosticonicimagery,fromitsbigeyestothesacredbronzetree,43

(reintroduce)themysteryandpoweroftheancientShuculturetomillionsofplayersandprovesthateven

44oldeststoriescanfindnewlifeonamodernbattlefield.

Whileenablingplayerstoexperiencethelastingappeal45bronzeculturewithirthegame,it

alsorepresentsanotherstepforwa