2026年重庆市人教版高中英语一轮复习语法填空冲刺试卷

2026年重庆市人教版高中英语一轮复习语法填空冲刺试卷1.Mr.Smithisinterestedincollectingstamps,______hespendsmostofhissparetime.A.becauseB.soC.butD.though解析：本题考查连词辨析。句意为“史密斯先生对收集邮票很感兴趣，______他大部分业余时间都花在这上面。”空格前后为转折关系，故选C。A表示原因，B表示结果，D表示让步，均不符合语境。2.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinterestingandthought-provoking.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为物，且在从句中作主语，故选B。A和C通常指人，D表示所属关系，不符合句意。3.Bythetimetheyarrivedattheairport,theplane______alreadytakenoff.A.hadbeenB.hasbeenC.wasD.willbe解析：本题考查时态。句意为“他们到达机场时，飞机______已经起飞了。”表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时，故选A。B为现在完成时，C为一般过去时，D为一般将来时，均不符合语境。4.Itisimportantforstudentstodevelopagoodhabit,______canhelpthemsucceedinthefuture.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.whom解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为habit，且在从句中作主语，故选B。A和D通常指人，C不能用于非限制性定语从句。5.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。asked后需接宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，应用whether或if引导，故选A。that引导宾语从句时，从句中必须缺成分；what不能引导宾语从句。6.Notonly______tothemeetingbutalso______thereontime.A.didhecome;arrivedB.hecame;arrivedC.didhecome;didhearriveD.hecame;didhearrive解析：本题考查倒装句。notonly位于句首时，主句需部分倒装，故选A。B和D未倒装；C中第二个分句也倒装，但不符合notonly的用法。7.Thecompanyislookingforsomeone______hasexperienceinmarketing.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为someone，指人，且在从句中作主语，故选A。B和D通常指物，C表示所属关系，不符合句意。8.Thebook______IamreadingnowisaboutthehistoryoftheUnitedStates.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为book，指物，且在从句中作主语，故选B。A和D通常指人，C不能用于物。9.Itisnecessaryforus______weshouldfollowtherulesoftheschool.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if解析：本题考查宾语从句。necessary后需接that引导的宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，故选A。what不能引导宾语从句；whether和if引导宾语从句时，从句中必须缺成分。10.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldstudyhard.A.thatB.whatC.whetherD.if解析：本题考查宾语从句。told后需接宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，应用that引导，故选A。what不能引导宾语从句；whether和if引导宾语从句时，从句中必须缺成分。1.Theboy______isplayingfootballintheparkismybrother.______1______(be)veryhappytoday.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填who，先行词为boy，指人，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填is，主语为boy，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。2.Thegirl______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger.______2______(be)verykindtome.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填whom，先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语；第二个空填was，主语为girl，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。3.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.______3______(be)aboutthehistoryofChina.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填which，先行词为book，指物，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填is，主语为book，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。4.Theman______Imetlastweekisafamousscientist.______4______(be)veryintelligent.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填who，先行词为man，指人，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填was，主语为man，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。5.Thegirl______Iamtalkingtonowismysister.______5______(be)verybeautiful.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填whom，先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语；第二个空填is，主语为girl，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。6.Theboy______isplayingfootballintheparkismybrother.______6______(be)veryhappytoday.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填who，先行词为boy，指人，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填is，主语为boy，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。7.Thegirl______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger.______7______(be)verykindtome.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填whom，先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语；第二个空填was，主语为girl，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。8.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.______8______(be)aboutthehistoryofChina.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填which，先行词为book，指物，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填is，主语为book，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。9.Theman______Imetlastweekisafamousscientist.______9______(be)veryintelligent.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填who，先行词为man，指人，且在从句中作主语；第二个空填was，主语为man，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。10.Thegirl______Iamtalkingtonowismysister.______10______(be)verybeautiful.解析：本题考查定语从句和系动词。第一个空填whom，先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语；第二个空填is，主语为girl，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。1.Theboywhoisplayingfootballintheparkismybrother.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰boy，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。2.ThegirlwhomIspoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句，修饰girl，且在从句中作宾语，符合语法规则。3.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰book，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。4.ThemanthatImetlastweekisafamousscientist.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，修饰man，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。5.ThegirlwhoseIamtalkingtonowismysister.(×)解析：本题考查定语从句。whose应为ofwhom，表示所属关系，且在从句中作主语，故错误。6.Theboywhoisplayingfootballintheparkismybrother.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。who引导定语从句，修饰boy，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。7.ThegirlwhomIspoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句，修饰girl，且在从句中作宾语，符合语法规则。8.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，修饰book，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。9.ThemanthatImetlastweekisafamousscientist.(√)解析：本题考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，修饰man，且在从句中作主语，符合语法规则。10.ThegirlwhoseIamtalkingtonowismysister.(×)解析：本题考查定语从句。whose应为ofwhom，表示所属关系，且在从句中作主语，故错误。1.Whatisthefunctionoftherelativepronouninarelativeclause?参考答案：Relativepronouns(who,whom,whose,which,that)functionasboththesubjectandtheobjectoftherelativeclause,orasapossessiveadjective.Theyintroducetherelativeclauseandprovideaconnectionbetweenthenounandtheclause.解析：本题考查定语从句的功能。定语从句的功能是修饰先行词，提供先行词的更多信息。定语从句中的关系代词可以作主语、宾语或定语，起到连接先行词和从句的作用。2.Howdoyouchoosethecorrectrelativepronountouseinasentence?参考答案：Thechoiceofrelativepronoundependsontheroleitplaysintherelativeclause:-who/whom:referstopeople(whoassubject,whomasobject)-whose:referstopossession(e.g.,thegirlwhosebookIborrowed)-which:referstothingsoranimals(assubjectorobject)-that:canrefertopeopleorthings,butismorecommonwiththings解析：本题考查定语从句的选择。选择关系代词时，需根据其在从句中的作用选择：who/whom指人，whose表示所属，which指物或动物，that可指人或物。3.Canarelativeclausemodifymorethanonenoun?参考答案：Yes,arelativeclausecanmodifymorethanonenounifthenounsarecloselyrelatedoriftheclauseprovidesinformationaboutboth.Forexample:"Theboyandgirlwhowontheprizearemyclassmates."解析：本题考查定语从句的修饰范围。一个定语从句可以修饰多个名词，前提是这些名词关系密切或从句提供的信息适用于所有先行词。4.Whatisthedifferencebetweenadefiningandanon-definingrelativeclause?参考答案：Definingrelativeclausesareessentialtothemeaningofthesentenceandarenotseparatedbycommas,e.g.,"ThebookthatIreadisinteresting."Non-definingrelativeclausesprovideadditionalbutnon-essentialinformationandaresetoffbycommas,e.g.,"Mybrother,wholivesinLondon,isadoctor."解析：本题考查定语从句的类型。限制性定语从句是句子的必要部分，不隔开；非限制性定语从句是句子的补充信息，隔开。5.Howdoyouhandlerelativeclauseswithnoclearantecedent?参考答案：Whenarelativeclausedoesnothaveaclearantecedent,itmaybeadanglingmodifier.Forexample:"Whoeverbreakstherulewillbepunished."Here,"whoever"clearlyreferstothesubjectofthemainclause.Ifthereferenceisunclear,thesentenceshouldberephrased.解析：本题考查定语从句的先行词。当定语从句没有明确的先行词时，可能是悬垂修饰语。例如，"Whoeverbreakstherulewillbepunished."中，whoever指主句的主语。如果指代不清，应重新改写句子。6.Canyouusemorethanonerelativepronouninasingleclause?参考答案：Yes,butitisrareandshouldbeusedcarefully.Forexample:"Themanwhospoketotheteacherandwhoseopinionmattersistheprincipal."Here,bothwhoandwhoseareusedtoprovideadditionalinformation.解析：本题考查定语从句的叠加。在一个句子中可以使用多个关系代词，但需谨慎使用，通常是为了提供更多信息。例如，"Themanwhospoketotheteacherandwhoseopinionmattersistheprincipal."7.Whatistheroleoftherelativepronouninanon-definingrelativeclause?参考答案：Inanon-definingrelativeclause,therelativepronounintroducesadditionalinformationaboutanounandissetoffbycommas.Itcanbewho,which,orthat,dependingonthenounitrefersto.Forexample:"Mysister,whoisadoctor,livesinNewYork."解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句中的关系代词引出补充信息，用逗号隔开，可以是who/which/that。例如，"Mysister,whoisadoctor,livesinNewYork."8.Howdoyouformarelativeclausewithapassivevoice?参考答案：Toformarelativeclausewithapassivevoice,usethestructure:relativepronoun+passiveverbform.Forexample:"ThebookthatwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowlingispopular."Here,"thatwaswritten"isthepassiveform.解析：本题考查定语从句的被动语态。形成被动语态的定语从句，使用结构：关系代词+被动动词形式。例如，"ThebookthatwaswrittenbyJ.K.Rowlingispopular."中，"thatwaswritten"是被动形式。1.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Thegirl______Imetyesterdayisverykind."参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语，故填whom。2.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为book，指物，且在从句中作主语，故填which。3.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Theman______Ispoketolastweekisafamousscientist."参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为man，指人，且在从句中作主语，故填who。4.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Thegirl______Iamtalkingtonowismysister."参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语，故填whom。5.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Theboy______isplayingfootballintheparkismybrother."参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为boy，指人，且在从句中作主语，故填who。6.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Thegirl______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamoussinger."参考答案：whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为girl，指人，且在从句中作宾语，故填whom。7.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为book，指物，且在从句中作主语，故填which。8.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitablerelativepronoun:"Theman______Imetlastweekisafamousscientist."参考答案：who解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词为man，指人，且在从句中作主语，故填who。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.B3.A4.B5.A6.A7.A8.B9.A10.A解析：1.but表示转折；2.that和which都可指物，但that更常用；3.过去完成时表示过去的过去；4.whether和if引导宾语从句时，从句中必须缺成分；5.who和that都可指人，但who更常用；6.notonly位于句首时，主句需部分倒装；7.who和that都可指人，但that更常用；8.that和which都可指物，但that更常用；9.that引导宾语从句时，从句中不缺成分；10.that引导宾语从句时，从句中不缺成分。二、填空题1.who;is2.whom;was3.which;is4.who;was5.whom;is6.who;is7.whom;was8.which;is9.who;was10.whom;is解析：1.who指人，作主语；2.whom指人，作宾语；3.which指物，作主语；4.who指人，作主语；5.whom指人，作宾语；6.who指人，作主语；7.whom指人，作宾语；8.which指物，作主语；9.who指人，作主语；10.whom指人，作宾语。三、判断题1.√2.√3.√4.√5.×6.√7.√8.√9.√10.×解析：1.who引导定语从句，修饰boy，作主语；2.whom引导定语从句，修饰girl，作宾语；3.which引导定语从句，修饰book，作主语；4.that引导定语从句，修饰man，作主语；5.whose应为ofwhom，故错误；6.who引导定语从句，修饰boy，作主语；7.whom引导定语从句，修饰girl，作宾语；8.which引导定语从句，修饰book，作主语；9.that引导定语从句，修饰man，作主语；10.whose应为ofwhom，故错误。四、简答题1.参考答案：Relativepronounsfunctionasboththesubjectandtheobjectoftherelativeclause,orasapossessiveadjective.Theyintroducetherelativeclauseandprovideaconnectionbetweenthenounandtheclause.解析：定语从句中的关系代词可以作主语、宾语或定语，起到连接先行词和从句的作用。2.参考答案：Thechoiceofrelativepronoundependsontheroleitplaysintherelativeclause:who/whomforpeople,whoseforpossession,whichforthingsoranimals,thatforpeopleorthings.解析：选择关系代词时，需根据其在从句中的作用选择：who/whom指人，whose表示所属，which指物或动物，that可指人或物。3.参考答案：Yes,arelativeclausecanmodifymorethanonenounifthenounsarecloselyrelatedoriftheclauseprovidesinformationaboutboth.Forexample:"Theboyandgirlwhowontheprizearemyclassmates."解析：一个定语从句可以修饰多个名词，前提是这些名词关系密切或从句提供的信息适用于所有先行词。4.参考答案：Definingrelativeclausesareessentialtothemeaningofthesentenceandarenotseparatedbycommas,e.g.,"ThebookthatIreadisinteresting."Non-definingrelativeclausesprovideadditionalbutnon-essentialinformationandaresetoffbycommas,e.g.,"Mybrother,wholivesinLondon,isadoctor."解析：限制性定语从句是句子的必要部分，不隔开；非限制性定语从句是句子的补充信息，隔开。5.参考答案：Whenarelativeclausedoesnothaveaclearantecedent,itmaybeadanglingmodifier.Forexample:"Whoeverbreakstherulewillbepunished."Here,"whoever"clearlyreferstothesubjectofthemainclause.Ifthereferenceisunclear,thesentencesho