2026年天津市人教版初中英语下册第10章课时作业

2026年天津市人教版初中英语下册第10章课时作业一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第10章课文内容，Whatisthemaintopicofthereadingpassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Thehistoryofenvironmentalpollutionintheworld.B.Theimportanceofrecyclingandsavingenergy.C.Thereasonswhypeopleshouldplantmoretrees.D.Thefuturedevelopmentofgreencities.解析：本题考查第10章核心主题。课文主要围绕环保行动展开，重点讨论了垃圾分类、节约能源等具体措施，故B项最符合。A项是背景知识，C项是部分内容，D项是延伸话题，均非主旨。2.Intheunit,LiMinglearnsthat"Reduce,Reuse,Recycle"isakeysloganforenvironmentalprotection.Whichofthefollowingactionsbestdemonstrates"Reuse"?A.Buyinganewwaterbottleeveryday.B.Usingoldnewspaperstomakepapercrafts.C.Throwingawayplasticbagsafteroneuse.D.Donatingclothestocharityforrecycling.解析：根据课文第2课时活动手册，"Reuse"强调重复使用物品。B项将旧报纸用于手工，符合重复利用；A项属于过度消费，C项是浪费，D项属于"Recycle"范畴，故B正确。3.Thepassagementionsthatmanyanimalsareindangerbecauseofpollution.Whichsentencefromthetextsupportsthisidea?A."Manypeoplethrowtrashintoriversandlakes."B."Greenplantscanhelpcleantheair."C."Childrenshouldlearntoprotectanimals."D."Somefactoriesreleasesmokeintothesky."解析：第10章第1课时提到野生动物因环境污染濒危，A项直接指出污染行为，D项描述工厂排放，均支持观点。B项是环保益处，C项是呼吁教育，与动物濒危关联性弱，故A、D均可选，但A更直接体现污染对动物的影响。4.Accordingtotheunit,whatisthebestwaytoencourageotherstosavewater?A.Tellingthemitisarule.B.Showingthemhowtofixaleakingtap.C.Askingthemtobuybottledwaterinstead.D.Ignoringtheirhabitsbecauseitishardtochange.解析：课文第3课时强调行动示范的感染力。B项通过具体操作引导，符合课文"做中学"理念。A项强制无效，C项加剧浪费，D项消极放弃，均与课文倡导的积极行动背道而驰。5.Theunitincludesagroupprojectaboutmakinga"ZeroWasteSchool."Whichtaskismostlikelypartofthisproject?A.Drawingpicturesofanimalsindanger.B.Writingareportaboutplasticpollution.C.Designingapostertoremindstudentstousereusablebags.D.Calculatingtheschool'smonthlyelectricitybill.解析：第10章第4课时活动建议通过实践减少浪费。C项海报宣传直接体现"ZeroWaste"理念，符合项目目标。A项偏重艺术创作，B项偏重研究，D项与环保关联弱，故C最合适。6.Inthetext,whydoestheauthorsuggestusingclothbagsinsteadofplasticbags?A.Becauseclothbagsarecheaper.B.Becauseclothbagsaremorecolorful.C.Becauseclothbagsarebetterfortheenvironment.D.Becauseclothbagsareeasiertocarry.解析：第10章第2课时明确指出塑料袋难以降解，提倡替代品。C项直接回应环保目的，符合课文观点。A项错误，B项无关，D项未提及，故C正确。7.Theunitincludesavideoaboutagirlwhostartedarecyclingprograminhercommunity.Whatdidsheprobablydofirst?A.Askedherparentsformoneytobuyrecyclingbins.B.Wrotealettertothelocalgovernment.C.Talkedtoherclassmatesandteachers.D.Collectedtrashfromeveryhouseintheneighborhood.解析：课文第1课时强调从身边做起。C项符合"小范围推广"策略，符合课文循序渐进的环保理念。A项成本高，B项层级高，D项范围大，均非合理起点。8.Thepassagementionsthat"Everylittlebithelps."Whatdoesthisphrasemeaninthecontextofenvironmentalprotection?A.Onlybigactionsmatter.B.Smalleffortsareuseless.C.Everyonecancontributetosolvingproblems.D.Pollutionisnormalbecauseitishardtostop.解析：第10章第3课时通过案例说明个体行动的重要性。C项准确传达"积少成多"的环保精神，符合课文主旨。A项与课文矛盾，B项消极，D项逃避责任，均错误。9.Accordingtotheunit,whatisthedifferencebetween"Reduce"and"Recycle"?A.Reducemeansthrowingawaywaste,andRecyclemeansmakingnewthings.B.Reducemeansusingless,andRecyclemeansturningwasteintoenergy.C.Reducemeansbuyingmore,andRecyclemeanssavingmoney.D.Reducemeansprotectingnature,andRecyclemeanspollutingit.解析：第10章第1课时对比二者概念。B项准确区分：减少源头消费（Reduce）与再利用废弃物（Recycle）。A项混淆，C项反常识，D项矛盾，故B正确。10.Theunitendswithasurveyaboutstudents'dailyhabits.Whydoestheteacheraskthemtofillitout?A.Totesttheirmathskills.B.Tocollectdataforaresearchpaper.C.Tohelpthemunderstandtheirownimpactontheenvironment.D.Tomakethemfeelguiltyaboutwastingfood.解析：第10章第4课时通过调查反思行为。C项符合课文"自我评估"理念，帮助学生意识到个人责任。A项无关，B项过于学术化，D项负面导向，均非目的。二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagetellsusthatifwe_______water,wecansavealotofenergybecausemakingcleanwaterneedsalotofpower.2.Manypeople_______oldmobilephonesbecausetheycontainharmfulmaterialsthatcanpollutethesoil.3.Intheunit,welearnedthat"Reuse"means_______thingsinsteadofbuyingnewones.4.Thetextsuggeststhatweshould_______plasticbagsbyusingclothbagsorpaperbags.5.A"ZeroWasteSchool"isaplacewherestudentsandteacherstrytheirbestto_______waste.6.Theunitincludesareadingpassageaboutaboywho_______arecyclingprograminhishometown.7.Thephrase"Everylittlebithelps"meansthat_______canmakeabigdifference.8.Thepassagementionsthatsomeanimals,likepandas,areindangerbecausetheir_______arebeingdestroyed.9.Intheunit,welearnedthattreesareimportantbecausetheycan_______airpollutionandmaketheenvironmentcleaner.10.Theunitendswithasuggestionthatweshould_______tosaveenergy,suchasturningofflightswhenleavingaroom.参考答案：1.save2.throwaway3.use4.reduce5.produce6.started7.smallactions8.habitats9.reduce10.remember三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagesaysthatallanimalsareindangerbecauseofpollution.(×)解析：课文指出部分动物受威胁，并非全部，故错误。2.Usingoldjarstostorefoodisanexampleof"Recycle."(×)解析：属于"Reuse"，课文区分二者概念，故错误。3.Theunitsuggeststhatstudentsshouldwritealongessayaboutenvironmentalprotection.(×)解析：课文强调实践和短小活动，未提长篇写作，故错误。4.Thepassagementionsthatrecyclingcansaveenergy.(√)解析：第10章第1课时明确指出，故正确。5.Theunitincludesavideoaboutagirlwhofailedtostartarecyclingprogram.(×)解析：课文案例强调成功经验，未提失败，故错误。6.Thephrase"Everylittlebithelps"meansonlybigactionsmatter.(×)解析：与课文主旨相反，故错误。7.Theunitsuggeststhatstudentsshouldbuymorethingstohelptheenvironment.(×)解析：课文倡导减少消费，故错误。8.Thepassagesaysthatplasticbagsarebetterthanclothbagsbecausetheyarecheaper.(×)解析：课文未比较成本，且强调环保优先，故错误。9.Theunitincludesasurveytomakestudentsfeelguiltyabouttheirhabits.(×)解析：目的是反思而非惩罚，故错误。10.Thepassagementionsthattreescanhelpcleantheair,buttheycannotreducenoisepollution.(×)解析：课文未提噪声问题，但暗示树木多可改善环境，故错误。四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.WhatarethethreeR'sofenvironmentalprotection?参考答案：Reduce（减少）、Reuse（重复使用）、Recycle（回收利用）。解析：第10章贯穿此概念，需完整列出并简述含义。2.Whyisrecyclingimportant?参考答案：回收利用可以节约资源、减少垃圾填埋、保护环境。解析：结合课文第1课时内容，说明其经济和环保意义。3.Howcanstudentshelpsavewateratschool?参考答案：关紧水龙头、用洗菜水浇花、减少洗手时间等。解析：参考第3课时活动建议，列举具体行动。4.Whatisa"ZeroWasteSchool"?参考答案：尽量减少垃圾产生，通过分类、回收、重复使用等方式实现零浪费。解析：结合第4课时定义，强调目标和方法。5.Whydoanimalslikepandashavesmallpopulations?参考答案：栖息地减少、食物单一（竹子）、人类活动干扰。解析：参考课文案例，说明熊猫濒危原因。6.Whatdoesthephrase"Everylittlebithelps"mean?参考答案：每个人的小行动都能产生大影响。解析：结合第3课时案例，说明个体贡献的重要性。7.Howcanwereduceplasticpollution?参考答案：自带购物袋、避免一次性塑料、支持环保产品。解析：参考第2课时内容，提出可操作性建议。8.Whyisitimportanttoprotecttheenvironment?参考答案：改善空气质量、保护生物多样性、为后代留下资源。解析：结合课文主题，说明环保的长期意义。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.Supposeyourschoolwantstostarta"ReuseStation"wherestudentscanborrowandshareitemslikepensandnotebooks.Writeashortposter(50words)topromoteit.参考答案：ReuseStationNeedapen?Anotebook?CometoourReuseStation!Shareandborrowschoolsuppliestosaveresources.Let’sreducewastetogether!Joinusinmakingourschoolgreener!解析：需包含借阅点、物品类型、环保目的，语言简洁有号召力。评分：内容（2分）、语言（2分）。2.Thepassagementionsagirlwhostartedarecyclingprogram.Describeherfirststeps(60words).参考答案：Shenoticedmanyclassmatesthrewawaypaper.First,sheaskedherteacherforasmallbin.Then,shetalkedtofriendsandmadeposters.Finally,shecollectedpaperforaweek.Heractionsshowedthatstartingsmallcanmakeabigdifference.解析：需体现逐步推进、团队合作，符合课文案例逻辑。评分：步骤清晰（2分）、环保意识（2分）。3.Yourfamilyplanstoreducewateruse.Writethreespecificactionsyoucantakeathome(60words).参考答案：4.Turnoffthetapwhilebrushingteeth.5.Useshowerinsteadofbathtosavewater.6.Collectrainwatertowaterplants.Thesesmallhabitshelpprotectourplanet’smostvaluableresource.解析：需列明具体行动、说明原因，体现节约意识。评分：可行性（2分）、环保意义（2分）。7.Theunitmentionsthattreesreduceairpollution.Explainhow(60words).参考答案：TreesabsorbCO₂andreleaseoxygen.Theirleavesfilterharmfulparticles.Moretreesmeancleanerairandlessglobalwarming.Plantingtreesisasimplewaytohelpourenvironment.解析：需科学解释原理、联系环保目标。评分：科学性（2分）、逻辑性（2分）。8.Designaone-dayplantoteachaclassaboutreducingwaste(80words).参考答案：9.Showavideoaboutwasteproblems.10.Discusshowtoreducewasteathome.11.Makeaclassposterwithideas.12.Assignhomework:Trackwasteforaday.13.Shareresultsnextday.Interactiveactivitieshelpstudentsunderstandwasteissues.解析：需包含教学环节、活动形式，体现参与性。评分：结构（2分）、教育性（2分）。14.Imagineyouarewritingalettertoalocalparkaboutimprovingrecycling.Writethreesuggestions(80words).参考答案：15.Addmorerecyclingbinsinthepark.16.Teachvisitorshowtosortwaste.17.Organizemonthlyclean-upevents.Betterrecyclinghelpskeepourparkcleanandgreen.Let’sworktogetherforabetterenvironment!解析：需针对公园场景、提出可行建议。评分：相关性（2分）、创新性（2分）。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.A/D4.B5.C6.C7.C8.C9.B10.C解析：每题均基于课文具体内容，干扰项设置易错点（如概念混淆、范围扩大等）。二、填空题1.save2.throwaway3.use4.reduce5.produce6.started7.smallactions8.habitats9.reduce10.remember解析：填空覆盖课文关键词，需准确理解语境。三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.×7.×8.×9.×10.×解析：结合课文细节判断，强调区分正确与错误观点。四、简答题1.参考答案：Reduce（减少）、Reuse（重复使用）、Recycle（回收利用）。解析：需完整列出并简述含义。2.参考答案：回收利用可以节约资源、减少垃圾填埋、保护环境。解析：结合课文第1课时内容，说明其经济和环保意义。3.参考答案：关紧水龙头、用洗菜水浇花、减少洗手时间等。解析：参考第3课时活动建议，列举具体行动。4.参考答案：尽量减少垃圾产生，通过分类、回收、重复使用等方式实现零浪费。解析：结合第4课时定义，强调目标和方法。5.参考答案：栖息地减少、食物单一（竹子）、人类活动干扰。解析：参考课文案例，说明熊猫濒危原因。6.参考答案：每个人的小行动都能产生大影响。解析：结合第3课时案例，说明个体贡献的重要性。7.参考答案：自带购物袋、避免一次性塑料、支持环保产品。解析：参考第2课时内容，提出可操作性建议。8.参考答案：改善空气质量、保护生物多样性、为后代留下资源。解析：结合课文主题，说明环保的长期意义。五、应用题1.参考答案：ReuseStationNeedapen?Anotebook?CometoourReuseStation!Shareandborrowschoolsuppliestosaveresources.Let’sreducewastetogether!Joinusinmakingourschoolgreener!解析：需包含借阅点、物品类型、环保目的，语言简洁有号召力。评分：内容（2分）、语言（2分）。2.参考答案：Shenoticedmanyclassmatesthrewawaypaper.First,sheaskedherteacherforasmallbin.Then,shetalkedtofriendsandmadeposters.Finally,shecollectedpaperforaweek.Her