考研考博-英语-大连汽车职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连汽车职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Icouldn’tbepresentmyself,butIsentmy（）tothemeeting.

问题1选项

A.delegate

B.specimen

C.representative

D.representation

【答案】C

【解析】句意:我本人不能亲自出席，可我派了代表出席会议。

考查名词辨析。Delegate代表，代表团成员，指委派到别处代某一机构或某（些）人行事的人；specimen样本，抽样；representative代表，代销人，词义较广，可指选举或委派的代表，还可表示某一种人的代表人物；representation表现，陈述。根据前半句句意可知C符合句意。

2.单选题

Frenchareelegantpeople.Theyareartistsineverydaylife,havingaverygoodtasteineverything.Theydon'tlikeAmericantouristswearingjeanstogointotheirluxuriousandexquisitefive-starrestaurants.Sooneoftherestaurantsputanoticeoutsideitsfrontdoor.Itread“Notrousers,please!”

AgourmetcoffeewassoldinTokyoasanantidotetostress.Itsnamesupposedlymeanttopeoplethatitwouldsmooththetroubledbreast.YetwhenitwasprintedinEnglish,itturnedouttobe“EaseYourBosoms”.

SwedesstartedapromotionstunttopromotethesalesoftheirvacuumcleanernamedElectro.Theiroriginaladsloganwastranslatedas“NothingsucksLikeElectro”.

TheGeneralMotors'sellingofChevroletwasverybadinSouthAmerica.Andthereason?Thetranslationofthisbrandsoundslike“nova”,whichmeans“Itdoesn'tgo”inSpanish.

WhenPepsi-colainvadedthehugeChineseandGermanmarkets,theeffortsinitiallyfizzled.Theproduct'sslogan,“ComealivewiththePepsigeneration,”wasrenderedintoGermanas“comeoutofthegravewithPepsi.”Coca-ColaalsodiscoveredsomethinghadgonewronginTaiwan.TheChinesecharacterschosenfortheworld-famousproductsoundlike“BitetheWaxTadpole.”

Abeercompany’sslogan“Turnitloose”became,inSpanish,equivalentto“sufferfromdiarrhea.”

AcompanytranslateditsstickytapesloganintoJapaneseandcameupwithastickyproblem.

Theslogan“Stickslikecrazy”becameliterally“itsticksfoolishly”inJapanese.

AtonicproducedinChinaismadeofroyaljellyandissupposedtobeveryeffectiveforsomechronicdiseases.Yetitwastranslatedas“oralliquid”,whichmeans“saliva”inEnglish.Inthebrochure,itwasdescribedinthisway:“ittasteslikemedicine”,whenthelanguageintheoriginalmeanttouseitasafoodtherapy.

Eventhewrongnonverbalcuecanbringhavoctoaproduct.AbabyfoodcompanyinitiallypackagedtheirAfricanproductsjustthesameasintheUS—withacutebabypictureonthejar.Theydidn'trealizethatbecausesomanyAfricanscannotread,nearlyallpackagedproductssoldinAfricacarrypicturesofwhatisinside.Pureedbaby!Howhorrible!

InanAsiancity,wheretrafficisreallyverybad,tosecurepeople'ssafety,themunicipalgovernmenthasbuiltundergroundpassageways.Pedestriansareaskedtousethemwhenevertheyneedtocrossthemainstreet.Asignwaspostedonceontheroadside,pointingtotheentrancetoanundergroundpassageway,intendingtonotifyEnglish-speakingpassengers,“Gounderground.”

Wechuckledatsuchclumsytranslations.Isthereanythingwronginthelanguage?Wemustbeawarethatfewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.It'sbesttohirethebestfortranslation.Don'ttakeitforgrantedthataslongasonespeaksalittleEnglish,heisautonomouslyabletodothetranslation.Ittakesawhiletolearntobeagoodtranslator.

1.“Notrousers,please!”soundsfunnyonthefrontdoorofafive-starrestaurant,becauseitcouldmean“（）”inEnglish.

2.Fromthepassage,youmayguessthatChevroletismostprobably（）.

3.Anyproductwithacutebabypictureonthejarwillmostprobably（）inAfrica,accordingtotheauthor.

4.TheChinesecharacterschosenforCoca-Cola（）inTaiwanfirst.

5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

问题1选项

A.Takeoffyourtrousers,thencomein,please

B.Wedon’tsellanytrousershere

C.Wedon’thaveanypairsoftrousershere

D.Anyonewhodoesnotweartrousersisnotwelcome

问题2选项

A.shoesofsomekindthatSouthAmericanslike

B.thebrandnameofakindofvehicle

C.apetanimalwhichrunsfast

D.awordinSpanishwhichhasaverybadmeaning

问题3选项

A.sellwell

B.receivefavorableattention

C.causegreatinterest

D.bringanendtotheproduct

问题4选项

A.werewellreceived

B.hadawrongname

C.soundedterribleinthelanguage

D.wereallterriblewords

问题5选项

A.Clumsytranslationscansometimesproducethedesiredeffect.

B.Weshouldnottakeitforgrantedthatanythingcanbetranslated.

C.Fewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.

D.Clumsytranslationcouldmeanmorethanjustalaughingmatter.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Theydon'tlikeAmericantouristswearingjeanstogointotheirluxuriousandexquisitefive-starrestaurants.”，他们不喜欢别人穿着牛仔裤走进豪华的五星级酒店，希望人们有好的品味。但是在英文里，这句话的意思是“请不要穿裤子！”。选项A符合题意。

2.推断题。根据文章第四段，“Thetranslationofthisbrandsoundslike“nova”,whichmeans“Itdoesn'tgo”inSpanish.”，雪佛兰汽车的牌子翻译成西班牙语，有“不走”的意思。选项D符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第九段，“Theydidn'trealizethatbecausesomanyAfricanscannotread,nearlyallpackagedproductssoldinAfricacarrypicturesofwhatisinside.Pureedbaby!Howhorrible!”，可知因为非洲人不识字，外包装上的图案就是罐子里面销售的产品，所以对产品来说是一种破坏。选项D符合题意。

4.推断题。根据文章第五段,“Coca-ColaalsodiscoveredsomethinghadgonewronginTaiwan.TheChinesecharacterschosenfortheworld-famousproductsoundlike“BitetheWaxTadpole.”。可口可乐在台湾语言中听起来像“BitetheWaxTadpole”这种可怕的意思。选项C符合题意。

5.细节理解题。纵观全文，根据文章最后一段，“Wechuckledatsuchclumsytranslations.Isthereanythingwronginthelanguage?Wemustbeawarethatfewwordsandidiomscanbeliterallytranslated.”。笨拙的翻译不仅有点可笑，并且还会带来很多不好的影响，排除选项D。并且提到有些文字和习语不能逐字逐句地翻译，排除选项C。文章并未提及笨拙的翻译能够带来预期的效果。选项A符合题意。

3.翻译题

Today,weanxiouslyscrutinizeexaminationscoresandworrywhetherourchildwillbeadmittedintoprestigiousuniversity.Mostofthetime,theirritatingchildorstudentwithlowscoresonlyreceivesnegativeattention.ConsideringthehueandcriesaboutteachingChinesestudentstobemorecreative,andtheconstantcomparisonsofthedifferencesbetweenEastandWesteducation,maybewearefutilelytryingtopoundsquarepegintoroundholes.

Creativityisrelatedtoproblem-solvingability,andthefundamentaltruthisthatcreativityandeffectivenesscallsforafullyengagedmind.Ontheonehand,acreativepersonislikeafleshandbloodcomputer,collecting,assembling,arrangingandintegratingdata.Ontheotherhand,thecreativepersonistheattentivestudentoflife.Peoplewantingtoacquireacreativementalitymustfirstandforemostbeinthemind-setoffullyembracingalloftheirlearningexperience.Themindisthechain,andthevarietyofideasandexperiencesarethegears.

Thepersonalorientationtowardachievementisanattitude.Learninganddemonstratingcreativedecision-makingisnotaby-productfrombeingconditionedtomemorizecorrectanswers,orretrieveexactbitsofdataforproducingahighfinalscore.Creativityisaby-productofmentalrisk-takingandexperimentation,andoneisfullyengagingpersonalthinkinginthefunofabstractplay:mentalgymnastics.

【答案】【参考译文】今天，我们焦虑地查着考试分数，担心小孩是否有望被名牌大学录取。大多数情况下，令人恼火的小孩或分数低的学生仅得到消极的关心。在呼吁提高中国学生创造性的抗议声和中西方教育差异的对比的影响下，我们的做法无异于方枘圆凿不得其所。

创造力通常与问题解决能力相关，而且基本的事实是创造力和有效性需要全神贯注的头脑。一方面，一个有创造力的人如同一台有血有肉的计算机，对数据进行收集、汇集、整理和整合；另一方面，有创造力的人是生活中最细心的学生。想要拥有创造性头脑的人必须首先下定决心去彻底领会所有的学习经历。头脑是链条，而各种想法和经历是齿轮。

个人的成就取向是一种态度。学习和展示创造性的决策，并不是为了获得高分而习惯于记住正确答案或检索精确数据的副产品。创造力是一种脑力冒险和试验的副产品，且创造力需要完全地让个人的思考忙于抽象活动（即脑力训练）的乐趣中。

4.单选题

Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

问题1选项

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】副词词义解析。infrequently“很少发生地”；irregularly“不规则地”；unsteadily“不稳定地”；unevenly“不均衡地”。句意：事实就是地球表面加热不均衡提供了一种将其划分成多个温度区域的简便方法。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

[A]Whenthereare[B]lowsales,companiesoftendecide[C]developingnew[D]products.

问题1选项

A.When

B.low

C.developing

D.products

【答案】C

【解析】【考查点】搭配。

【解题思路】decide的常用搭配是decidetodo，没有decidedoing这个用法，所以要把developing改为todevelop，该题选择C项。

【句意】当销量低迷时，公司通常会决定开发新产品。

6.单选题

Itwouldbe（

）toarriveataconclusionnow.

问题1选项

A.premier

B.premature

C.preliminary

D.prior

【答案】B

【解析】形容词辨析题。A选项premier“首要的”；B选项premature“不成熟的，早产的”；C选项preliminary“初步的，开始的”；D选项prior“优先的”。句意：现在下结论还为时过早。选项B符合句意。

7.填空题

Intheearthquakeandtsunami,Japanfacesitsmostseriouscrisisinageneration.Theterriblehumantollisstillbeing（1）,evenasreliefeffortsaccelerate,theestimateoflivelosthave（2）fromafewhundredinthehoursafterthefloodingtoprojectionssurpassing10,000.And（3）thehumanitarianscaleofthedisasteriscominginto（4）,theultimatescopeofthecrisesattheFukushimaDaiichi,FukushimaDainiandOnagawanuclearpowerplantremains（5）,asdoestheextentofdamagetocriticalinfrastructure（6）thecountry’sNorthPacificcoast.

Inthemidstofthedisaster,economistsandpolicymakersare（7）withthedelicatetaskofassessingtheimplicationsofcurrenteventsforJapan’salready-tenuouseconomic（8）.Theanalysisisfar-reachinginitsrelevance,notleastbecauseofJapan’sposition（9）theworld’sthird-largesteconomy,thechallengesitalreadyfacesinmovingtowardfiscalsustainabilityanditsroleinsupportingglobalfinancialmarkets,（10）currencymarketsandthemarketforU.S.treasuries.

In（11）oftheearthquake,theeconomic（12）forJapanwasalreadyfairydim.Theeconomywasprojectedtogrow（13）just1.7percentin2011,accordingtoconsensusestimates,roughlyhalfthe（14）oftheUnitedStates.Significantnewfiscal（15）tosupporttheeconomywaslargelyruledoutgiventhecountry’salreadysubstantialbudgetdeficit.Atnearly200percent,thecountry’sgrossdebt-to-GDPratioissecondonlytoZimbabwe’s,thoughitsnetdebtisroughlyhalfthatlevelandservingcostsremainlow.

【答案】1.assessed

2.climbed

3.while

4.focus

5.unclear

6.along

7.faced

8.recovery

9.as

10.including

11.advance

12.outlook

13.at

14.pace

15.stimulus

【解析】1.语法题。根据空格前being可判断本句为被动语态，应填入动词的过去分词形式，又因为上文提到humantoll“人员伤亡人数”，可知这里应该是表达对人员伤亡人数的评估。句意：可怕的死亡人数仍在评估中。所以assessed符合题意。

2.语法题。根据空格前的助动词have可知，空格中填入动词的过去分词形式，构成现在完成时态。又因为下文提到伤亡人数从洪水发生后几小时预测的几百人到一万多人，可判断出数量在增加。句意：据估计，在洪水过后的几个小时内，死亡人数已经从几百人上升到超过10000人。所以climbed符合题意。

3.逻辑关系题。根据下文的remains“仍然”，可知上下文存在让步关系，连词while“尽管”，可表达让步关系。句意：尽管这场灾难的救援力度渐渐加大。所以while符合题意。

4.固定搭配。根据固定搭配comeintofocus“明白易懂，轮廓清晰”，句意：尽管这场灾难的救援力度渐渐加大。所以focus符合题意。

5.上下文语义。根据前后两句的让步关系，可知尽管加大救援力度，但是核电站危及的最终范围还是不清晰。Unclear和上文的focus形成对比，所以unclear符合题意。

6.固定搭配。根据空格后的thecountry’sNorthPacificcoast“这个国家的北太平洋海岸”，可知填入介词along“沿着”，可构成搭配关系alongthecoast“沿岸”。句意：该国北太平洋沿岸关键基础设施的破坏程度也是如此。所以along符合题意。

7.固定搭配。根据固定搭配befacedwith“面对，面临”，可知空格中填入faced构成搭配关系。句意：在这场灾难中，经济学家和政策制定者面临着一项微妙的任务。所以faced符合题意。

8.上下文语义。根据空格前的economic，可知空格中填入的单词与经济相关，economicrecovery“经济复苏”，economicoutlook“经济前景”。又根据文章第三段“Theeconomywasprojectedtogrow…”，可知经济预计会增长，经济出现了复苏。句意：在这场灾难中，经济学家和政策制定者面临着一项微妙的任务，即评估当前事件对日本已脆弱的经济复苏的影响。所以recovery符合题意。

9.上下文语义。根据空格后的theworld’sthird-largesteconomy“世界三大经济体”，可判断出空格填入介词as“作为”。句意：这一分析意义深远，不仅是因为日本为全球第三大经济体。所以as符合题意。

10.上下文语义。根据空格前的globalfinancialmarkets“全球金融市场”，和空格后的currencymarketsandthemarketforU.S.treasuries“货币市场和美国国债市场”，可知空格前后为包含关系，前者包含后两者。所以including符合题意。

11.固定搭配。根据固定搭配Inadvanceof“在……前面，超越”，又因为下文用的一般过去时态，可知提到的是地震之前的情况，空格中应填入advance构成搭配关系。句意：在地震发生前。所以advance符合题意。

12.上下文语义。根据下文Japanwasalreadyfairydim，日本地震前的经济前景十分昏暗，可知空格中填入economicoutlook“经济前景”。所以outlook符合题意。

13.固定搭配。根据固定搭配increase/grow/decrease…at“增长、下降达……”，可知grow与介词at构成搭配关系。句意：2011年经济预计仅增长1.7%。所以at符合题意。

14.上下文语义。根据上文Theeconomywasprojectedtogrowatjust1.7percentin2011，可知日本经济预计在2011年增长1.7%，与下文的美国经济增长速度进行对比。所以可填入pace“速度”。句意：根据一致估计，速度大约是美国的一半。

15.上下文语义。根据下文giventhecountry’salreadysubstantialbudgetdeficit，鉴于国家已经存在巨大的预算赤字，可判断出新的财政政策刺激已被排除。所以stimulus符合题意。

8.单选题

Mobileofficeisthemutualproductofeconomic,scientific,andsocialprogress.Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.

Whenyouleaveyourofficetoattendmeetingsortravelonbusiness,whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.Whenyourclientsneedyoutomakesomeurgentmodificationsonyourworkandyouareneitherintheofficenorcarryingrelevantdocuments,whatcanyoudo?Maybeyouhavetosay"sorry"totheclients.Butyourbusinesswillbeaffected,theclientswillbeunhappyanddisappointedbecauseofyourdelay,andyouwilllosealotofbusinessopportunities.

Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.Thus,youcanhaveconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytime.Withthedevelopmentofcommunicationstechnology,networkapplication,andwirelessinterconnection,mobileofficehasbecomesimplerandsmaller,andevencanberealizedviaonemobilephonewithdatacommunicationsfunction.Thus,mobileofficehasalreadybeenputintoyourpocket,andofficemobilityhasbeenrealized.

Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,butatthesametimeitstillhassomeunsatisfactoryaspectssuchasmismatchingequipmentinterfaceandinadequatebattery.Nevertheless,webelievethatwithtechnicalprogress,peoplecancertainlyovercomeallkindsofdifficulties.Mobileofficewillmakeyourcareerunimpeded,andwillrealizethedreamofcompletelyfreecommunication.Userswillenjoymorecolorfullifeandbetterworkingenvironment,andusers'livingstandard,workingefficiency,andevenenterprises’productionefficiencywillcertainlybeimmenselyraised.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat（）.

2.Welearnfromthepassagethatwithoutmobileoffice,（）.

3.Thepassagesuggeststhatmobileofficeisnecessary,especiallywhen（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementbestexpressesthemainideaofthesecondparagraph?

5.Intheeyesoftheauthor,mobileoffice（）.

问题1选项

A.mobileofficeistheonlywaybywhichpeoplecouldenjoypromptandsafeworkingenvironment

B.withthedevelopmentofscience,mobileofficecomestoourlifeinevitably

C.peoplehadnoconvenientandreliablecommunicationsandofficefacultybefore

D.mobileinterconnectionplatformanditsapplicationsystemsisthecoreofmobileoffice

问题2选项

A.youcannotputyourbusinessroutineasideorattendmeetings

B.youcannotreadfaxesande-mailswhenyoutravelonbusiness

C.youcannotmakeapologiestotheclientsforyourdelay

D.youcannotcatchanybusinessopportunitiesbecauseofbadworkingcondition

问题3选项

A.youneedtomakesomeurgentmodificationonyourwork

B.youneedtoreadandreplyfaxesande-mails

C.youareoutoftheofficetoattendmeetings

D.youcanputthemobileofficeintoyourpocket

问题4选项

A.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,youshouldnotforgetyourbusinessroutine.

B.Youwilllosealotofbusinessopportunitiesifyoualwaysdelayyourwork.

C.Whenyouleaveyouroffice,yourbusinessroutinewouldbeharmed.

D.Whenyoucannotmeettheneedofyourclients,youshouldsay“sorry”.

问题5选项

A.hassomefatalshortcomings

B.istooexpensivetoafford

C.wouldberealizedinthefuture

D.hasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:1.细节事实题。由第一段“Mobileofficehasbecomeasolutionthatprovidesuserswithconvenient,prompt,safe,reliable,andreasonablypricedcommunicationsandofficefacultyanywhereanytimeviathesupportofmobileinterconnectionplatform(MIP)anditsapplicationssystems.移动办公通过移动互联平台（MIP）及其应用系统的支持，已成为一种为用户提供方便、及时、安全、可靠、价格合理的通信和办公能力的解决方案。”可知D项“移动互联平台及其应用系统是移动办公的核心”正确。

2.细节事实题。由第二段“Whatwouldhappentoyourbusinessroutine?Ofcourse,faxesande-mailswouldbestillsenttoyourfaxmachineore-mailbox,butyoucannotreadthemandmakepromptreactiontimely.你的日常工作会发生什么?当然，传真和电子邮件仍然会发送到你的传真机或电子信箱，但你不能及时阅读并且做出迅速反应。”可知B项正确。

3.推理判断题。由第三段“Infact,veryfrequently,youneedtocheck,reply,distribute,display,modify,orreadsomematerialswhenyouarenotinyouroffice.Youmustgetoutofthisdilemma.Thebestsolutiontonormallyhandleyourbusinessanywhereanytimeandnottodisappointyourclientsistoletyouroffice"move"withyou.事实上，当你不在办公室的时候，你经常需要检查、回复、分发、展示、修改或阅读一些材料。你必须摆脱这种困境。要想在任何时间、任何地点正常处理业务，又不让客户失望，最好的办法就是让你的办公室随你一起“移动”。”可知当不在办公室里时，最需要移动办公。故C项正确。AB两项都缺乏一个前提即人不在办公室。D项与题干无关。

4.主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了当你离开办公室去出差或参加会议时，如果没有移动办公，你的日常商务活动会受影响。故C项正确。

5.细节事实题。由最后一段“Mobileofficehasprovidedpeoplewithconvenient,casualworkingenvironment,butatthesametimeitstillhassomeunsatisfactoryaspectssuchasmismatchingequipmentinterfaceandinadequatebattery.移动办公为人们提供了方便、随意的工作环境，但同时也存在着设备接口不匹配、电池不足等不尽人意的方面。”可知作者认为移动办公既有优点也有缺点。故D项正确。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

9.单选题

（）prohibitedinmanycountries.

问题1选项

A.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimals

B.Thehuntingofcertainrareanimalsis

C.Huntingcertainrareanimalsare

D.Huntingofcertainrareanimalsare

【答案】B

【解析】语法题。选A没有谓语动词可首先排除。根据句意：在许多国家,

捕获稀有动物是被禁止的。这里指的是捕获稀有动物这件事，所以谓语动词应该为单数，不能被前面的animals迷惑，所以本题选B。

10.翻译题

Theundeniablefactisthatclimateisglobalproblemthatrequiresaglobalsolution.Tobesure,industrializationintheNorthcontributedenormouslytoincreasedgreenhousegasconcentrations.Developedcountries,includingtheUnitedStates,musttakesignificantstepsimmediately.

Actingalone,however,developedcountriescannotstabilizeglobalgreenhousegasconcentrations.Fromascientificstandpoint,meaningfulparticipationbykeydevelopingcountriesisanecessity.Severallargedevelopingcountrieswillsoonbecometheworld'sleadingemitters.Developingcountriesalreadyproduce44%ofglobalfossilfuelemissions.

Inaddition,developingcountriesareresponsibleforadisproportionateshareofdeforestationandotherland—usepracticesthathaveraisedcarbonconcentrations.

Percapitaenergyintensityratiosinsome,notall,developingcountriescontinuetorisebriskly,despitetheexistenceofcleantechnologiesthatwerenotinventedwhendevelopedcountrieswereindustrialized.Intheimmediatefuture，80%ofnewelectricpowergenerationprojectswilloccurindevelopingcountries.Allofuswantthoseprojectstousethelatestcuttingedgetechnologies.

【答案】不容否认的事实是气候变化是一个全球问题，需要在全球范围内加以解决。毫无疑问，北半球的工业化对温室气体量的增多负有很大责任。包括美国在内的发达国家应该立即釆取措施。

不过，发达国家孤军奋战并不能抑制全球温室气体的增多。从科学角度来看，主要发展中国家的参与是必要的。几个最大的发展中国家很快就会成为世界上最大的排放国。发展中国家化石燃料排放量已经占到全球排放量的44%。不仅如此，发展中国家还要对过度砍伐森林和其他引起碳浓度增加的土地使用行为负责任。

尽管现在已经拥有了发达国家在工业化时还没有发明的清洁技术，一些发展中国家的人均能源消耗强度仍在持续快速增长。不远的将来，80%的新建发电项目会出现在发展中国家。我们所有人都希望这些项目将采用最新的尖端技术。

11.翻译题

Thenumberskeeprising,thesuperlativeskeepglowing.Eachyear,selectivecollegespromotetheirapplicationtotals,alongwiththevirtuesoftheirapplicants.

Forthisfairsfreshmanclass,thestatisticsreachedremarkablelevels.Stanfordreceivedarecord32,022applicationsfromstudentsitcalled’’simplyamazing”andaccepted7percentofthem.Brownsawanunprecedented30,135applicants,wholefttheadmissionsstaff"deeplyimpressedandattimesawed."Ninepercentwereadmitted.

ThebiggestboastcamefromtheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles.Inanewsrelease,UCLAsaiditsacceptedstudentshad"demonstratedexcellenceinallaspectsoftheirlives."Citingitsrecord57,670applications,theuniversityproclaimeditself"themostpopularcampusinthenation.”

Suchannouncementstellastoryinwhichcollegesgetbetter——andstudentsgetmoreamazing-everyyear.Inreality,thenarrativeisfarmorecomplex,andtheimplicationsfarlesssunnyforstudentsaswellascollegescaughtupinthecruelcycleofselectivity

ToSomedegree,theincreasesareinevitable:thecollege-boundpopulationgrown,andso,too,hasthenumberofapplicationsstudentsfile,thanksinparttoonlinetechnology.

Butwhereveritisrainingapplications,collegeshavehelpedseedthecloudsbyrecruitingwidelyandaggressivelyforevermoreapplicants.

Admissionsofficersarechasingnotsomuchamoreperfectstudentasamoreperfectclass.Inagivenyear,thiselusiveidealmightrequiremoreviolinists,goalies,aspiringengineersorstudentswhocanpaythefullcostofattendanceCollegeseverywherewantmoreminoritystudents,moreout-of-statestudentsandmorestudentsfromoverseas.

Thepursuitrevealsthedualityofthemodemcollege:it’saplacethatservesthepublicinterestandabusinesswithabottomline.

Althoughthetensionbetweenmissionandmarketinghaslongdefinedadmissions,manybelievethebalancehastiltedtoofartowardthelatter.ManycollegeshavemadeapplyingassimpleasupdatingaFacebookpage.Somedeansandguidancecounselorscomplainthatit’stooeasy.Theyquestiontheethicsofintenserecruitmentbycollegesthatrejecttheoverwhelmingmajorityofapplicants.

"It’slikeneedinganewstereoandbuyingthewholeRadioShack,saysMarkSpeer,directorofcollegecounselingattheColumbiaGrammarandPreparatorySchoolinNewYork."Withthesebiggerpools,collegesaregettingalotofstudentswhohavenochance."

FredHargadon,formerdeanofadmissionsatPrincetonandStanford,doubtsthatmoreandmoreapplicantsmakeforastrongerclass,

“Icouldn’tpickabetterclassoutof30000applicantsthanoutof15.000hesays,"I’djustenduprejectingmultiplesofthesamekid.”

【答案】斯坦福大学收到了创纪录的32,022份来自学生的申请，斯坦福称这些申请“简直太棒了”，并接受了其中7%的申请。

在现实中，故事要复杂得多，对于陷入残酷的选择性循环的学生和大学来说，其含义也远没有那么光明

但是，只要有大量的申请，大学就会通过广泛而积极地招收更多的申请者，为申请埋下伏笔。

这种追求揭示了现代大学的两面性:它是一个为公众利益服务的地方也是一个有底线的企业。

“在3万名申请者中，我找不到比15.000名更好的了,”他说道，我只是最终拒绝同样的孩子。

12.单选题

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theyhavetolearnhowtoavoidbodycontact.

B.Theyneedtokeepmovingtoavoidgettinghurt.

C.Theybelieveinteamspiritforgoodperformance.

D.Theyarelikelytogetinjuredwhenmovingtoofast.

问题2选项

A.Theykeepthemselvesbusyevenafterretirement.

B.Theydonotstartenjoyinglifeuntilfullretirement.

C.Theytendtolivealongerlifewithearlyretirement.

D.Theydonothavemanyyearstoliveafterretirement.

问题3选项

A.Itslowsdownouragingprocess.

B.Itpreventsusfromworrying.

C.Itenablesustoaccomplishmoreinlife.

D.Itprovidesuswithmorechancestolearn.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

【解析】PassageOne

Relatedtothe“useitorloseit”lawisthe“keepmoving”principle.Welearnaboutstagnationfromnature.Ariverthatstopsmovinggetssmelly.Thesamethinghappenstopeoplewhostopmoving,eithermentallyorphysically.[9]Thosewhoplaycontactsportsknowthattheplayerwhousuallygetshurtthemostistheonewhoisstandingstill.Ofcourse,you’llneedsometimetocatchyourbreatheverysooften,buttheessentialmassageiskeepmoving,extendingandlearning.Shipslastalotlongerwhentheygotoseathanwhentheystayintheharbor.Thesameistrueforairplanes.Youdon’tpreserveanairplanebykeepingitontheground.Youpreserveitbykeepingitinservice.Wealsogettolivealonghealthylifebystayinginservice.[10]Longevitystatisticsrevealthattheaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement.Themorewe’llhearisdon’tretire.Ifafellowsays“I’m94yearsoldandIworkedallmylife”,weneedtorealize,thatishowhegottobe94,bystayinginvolved.GeorgeBernardShawwonaNobelPrizewhenhewasnearly70.BenjaminFranklinproducedsomeofhisbestwritingsattheageof84,andPabloPicassoputbrushtocanvasrightthroughhiseighties.Isn’ttheissuehowoldwethinkweare?[11]Abonuswiththe“keepmoving”principleisthatwhilewekeepmoving,wedon’thaveachancetoworry.Hence,weavoidthedreadedparalysisbyanalysis.

9.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutplayersofcontactsports?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问关于接触式运动的运动员，说话者说了什么？录音开头提到，从事接触式运动的人都知道，受伤最严重的往往是那些站着不动的人。B选项“他们需要保持移动以免受伤”是此处的同义表述，因此B选项正确。录音中提及接触式运动是不可能避免身体接触的，因此A选项“他们必须学会如何避免身体接触”不正确；C选项“他们相信有团队精神才能取得好成绩”在录音中没有提及；录音中强调的是站着不动的人往往受伤最严重，因此D选项“移动速度过快时可能受伤”不正确。

10.Whatdolongevitystatisticsrevealabouttheaverageperson?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问寿命统计数据揭示了普通人的什么？录音提到，寿命统计数据显示，一般人退休后活不了多久（theaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement）。因此D选项“他们退休后没有多少年的生活时间”正确。本题的干扰项是A选项，录音中有提到几位名人在很大的年纪也一直忙个不停，但并没有说这是一般人退休后的状态，因此A选项不正确；B选项“他们直到完全退休后才开始享受生活”和C选项“提前退休他们往往寿命更长”在录音中均没有提及，因此可排除。

11.Whatbonusdoesthe“keepmoving”principlebringusaccordingtothespeaker?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问“不断前进”的原则能给我们带来什么好处？录音最后部分提到：“不断前进”原则的一个好处是，当我们不断前进时，我们没有机会担忧（wedon’thaveachancetoworry），B选项是此处的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“它减缓了我们的衰老过程”和C选项“它使我们能够在生活中取得更多成就”在录音中没有信息提及；D选项“它为我们提供了更多的学习机会”主要是achance造成了干扰，录音中说的是achancetoworry，并不是chancestolearn，因此不正确。

13.单选题

8.

问题1选项

A.ToX-rayhischest.

B.Tohospitalizehim.

C.Toperformaminorsurgery.

D.Totransferhimtoaspecialist.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Whathappened?

M:Iwasinafightandgotmyheadhurt.

W:Wereyouknockedout?

M:No.

W:IwantyoutogoforanX-ray.Andcomebacktome.You’llneedsomestitchesforthatwound.

Q:Whatisthedoctorgoingtodofortheman?

【解析】细节题。医生告诉男士先去做X光，回来后伤口需要缝针。

14.单选题

Annusedto（）whenwewenttothesameschool.Butnowsheisalwaysontime.

问题1选项

A.beinglate

B.late

C.belate

D.gettinglate

【答案】C

【解析】考查非谓语。结合题干和选项可知本题考查非谓语，而usedto后面要加动词原形表示“过去常常做某事”，因此A、B、D不符合语法规则。句意：我们在同一所学校时，安总是迟到。但是现在她总是很准时。

15.单选题

Newphilanthropistsalsotendtostaycloselyinvolvedinthefoundationstheysetupratherthanjustbankrollinganorganization.

问题1选项

A.subsidizing

B.formenting

C.cruciforming

D.ideating

【答案】A

【解析】考查近义动词辨析。A选项subsidizing“资助；给予奖助金；向……行贿”；B选项formenting不存在；C选项cruciform/cruciforming“（adj.）十字形的；十字架状的”；D选项ideating“形成概念；想象，设想”。句意：新的慈善家也倾向于密切参与他们建立的基金会，而不仅仅是资助一个组织。bankroll“提供资金；提供财务上的资助”，A选项与该词词意最相近，因此A选项正确。

16.单选题

Hisnewtheoryhascausedanenormous（

）throughoutthecivilizedworld.

问题1选项

A.solidarity

B.sentiment

C.sermon

D.sensation

【答案】D

【解析】solidarity团结一致；sentiment情绪,观点；sermon启示,训诫；sensation轰动。句意:他的新理论在整个文明世界引起了巨大的轰动。选项D符合句意。

17.翻译题

1.（）（他们的独生儿子从未想过）toleavethemandstrikeoutonhisownthoughheisinhislatetwenties.

2.Before