2023年考研考博-考博英语-华中科技大学考试历年高频考点真题答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-华中科技大学考试历年高频考点真题答案第1卷一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题Behaviorisoneoftwogeneralresponsesavailabletoendothermic(warm-blooded)speciesfortheregulationofbodytemperature,theotherbeinginnate(reflexive)mechanismsofheatproductionandheatloss.Humanbeingsrelyprimarilyonthefirsttoprovideahospitablethermalmicroclimateforthemselves,inwhichthetransferofheatbetweenthebodyandtheenvironmentisaccomplishedwithminimalinvolvementofinnatemechanismsofheatproductionandloss.Thermoregulatorybehavioranticipateshyperthermia,andtheorganismadjustsitsbehaviortoavoidbecominghyperthermic:itremoveslayersofclothing,itgoesforacoolswim,etc.Theorganismcanalsorespondtochangesinthetemperatureofthebodycore,asisthecaseduringexercise;butsuchresponsesresultfromthedirectstimulationofthermoreceptorsdistributedwidelywithinthecentralnervoussystem,andtheabilityofthesemechanismstohelptheorganismadjusttogrosschangesinitsenvironmentislimited.Untilrecentlyitwasassumedthatorganismsrespondtomicrowaveradiationinthesamewaythattheyrespondtotemperaturechangescausedbyotherformsofradiation.Afterall,theargumentruns,microwavesareradiationandheatbodytissues.Thistheoryignoresthefactthatthestimulustoabehavioralresponseisnormallyatemperaturechangethatoccursatthesurfaceoftheorganism.Thethermoreceptorsthatpromptbehavioralchangesarelocatedwithinthefirstmillimeteroftheskin’ssurface,buttheenergyofamicrowavefieldmaybeselectivelydepositedindeeptissues,effectivelybypassingthesethermoreceptors,particularlyifthefieldisatnear-resonantfrequencies.Theresultingtemperatureprofilemaywellbeakindofreversethermalgradientinwhichthedeeptissuesarewarmedmorethanthoseofthesurface.Sincetheheatisnotconductedoutwardtothesurfacetostimulatetheappropriatereceptors,theorganismdoesnot“appreciate”thisstimulationinthesamewaythatit“appreciates”heatingandcoolingoftheskin.Intheory,theinternalorgansofahumanbeingorananimalcouldbequiteliterallycookedwell-donebeforetheanimalevenrealizesthatthebalanceofitsthermomicroclimatehasbeendisturbed.Untilafewyearsago,microwaveirradiationsatequivalentplane-wavepowerdensitiesofabout100mW/cm2wereconsideredunequivocallytoproduce“thermal”effects;irradiationswithintherangeof10to100mW/cm2mightormightnotproduce“thermal”effects;whileeffectsobservedatpowerdensitiesbelow10mW/cm2wereassumedtobe“nonthermal”innature.Experimentshaveshownthistobeanoversimplification,andarecentreportsuggeststhatfieldsasweakas1mW/cm2canbethermogenic.Whentheheatgeneratedinthetissuesbyanimposedradiofrequency(plustheheatgeneratedbymetabolism)exceedstheheat-losscapabilitiesoftheorganism,thethermoregulatorysystemhasbeencompromised.Yetsurprisingly,notlongago,anincreaseintheinternalbodytemperaturewasregardedmerelyas“evidence”ofathermaleffect.1.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.2.Theauthormakeswhichofthefollowingpointsaboutinnatemechanismsforheatproduction?3.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostlogicaltopicfortheauthortotakeupintheparagraphfollowingthefinalparagraphoftheselection?4.Theauthor’sstrategyinlines39-42isto（

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5.Theauthorimpliesthattheproponentsofthetheorythatmicrowaveradiationactsonorganismsinthesamewayasotherformsofradiationbasedtheirconclusionsprimarilyon（

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7.Theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.问题1选项A.showingthatbehaviorisamoreeffectivewayofcontrollingbodilytemperaturethaninnatemechanismsB.criticizingresearcherswhowillnotdiscardtheirtheoriesabouttheeffectsofmicrowaveradiationonorganismsC.demonstratingthateffectsofmicrowaveradiationaredifferentfromthoseofotherformsofradiationD.analyzingthemechanismbywhichanorganismmaintainsitsbodilytemperatureinachangingthermalenvironmentE.discussingtheimportanceofthermoreceptorsinthecontroloftheinternaltemperatureofanorganism问题2选项A.IonlyB.IandIIonlyC.IandIIIonlyD.IIandIIIonlyE.I,II,andIII问题3选项A.AsuggestionfornewresearchtobedoneontheeffectsofmicrowavesonanimalsandhumanbeingsB.AnanalysisofthedifferencesbetweenmicrowaveradiationC.AproposalthattheuseofmicrowaveradiationbeprohibitedbecauseitisdangerousD.AsurveyoftheliteratureontheeffectsofmicrowaveradiationonhumanbeingsE.Adiscussionofthestrategiesusedbyvariousspeciestocontrolhyperthermia问题4选项A.introduceahypotheticalexampletodramatizeapointB.proposeanexperimenttotestascientifichypothesisC.citeacasestudytoillustrateageneralcontentionD.produceacounterexampletodisproveanopponent’stheoryE.speculateabouttheprobableconsequencesofascientificphenomenon问题5选项A.laboratoryresearchB.unfoundedassumptionC.controlgroupsurveysD.deductivereasoningE.causalinvestigation问题6选项A.genialandconversationalB.alarmedanddisparagingC.facetiousandcynicalD.scholarlyandnoncommittalE.scholarlyandconcerned问题7选项A.pointingoutweaknessesinapopularscientifictheoryB.developingahypothesistoexplainascientificphenomenonC.reportingonnewresearchontheeffectsofmicrowaveradiationD.criticizingtheresearchmethodsofearlierinvestigatorsE.clarifyingambiguitiesintheterminologyusedtodescribeaphenomenon2.单选题WhowontheWorldCup1994footballgame?WhathappenedattheUnitedNations?Howdidthecriticslikethenewplay?（1）aneventtakesplace,newspapersareonthestreet（2）thedetails.（3）anythinghappensintheworld,reportersareonthespottogatherthenews.Newspapershaveonebasic（4）,togetthenewsasquicklyaspossiblefromitssource,fromthosewhomakeittothosewhowantto（5）it.Radio,telegraph,television,and（6）inventionsbroughtcompetitionfornewspapers.Sodidthedevelopmentofmagazinesandothermeansofcommunication.（7）,thiscompetitionmerelyspurredthenewspaperson.Theyquicklymadeuseofthenewerandfastermeansofcommunicationtoimprovethe（8）andthustheefficiencyoftheirownoperations.Todaymorenewspapersare（9）andreadthaneverbefore.Competitionalsolednewspapersto（10）outintomanyotherfields.Besideskeepingreadersinformedofthelatestnews,today’snewspapersentertainandinfluencereadersaboutpoliticsandotherimportantandserious（11）.Newspapersinfluencereaders,economicchoices（12）advertising.Mostnewspapersdependonadvertisingfortheirvery（13）.Newspapersaresoldatapricethat（14）evenasmallfractionofthecostofproduction.Themain（15）ofincomeformostnewspapersiscommercialadvertising.The（16）insellingadvertisingdependsnewspaper’svaluetoadvertisers.This（17）intermsofcirculation.Howmanypeoplereadthenewspaper?Circulationdepends（18）ontheworkofthecirculationdepartmentandontheservicesorentertainment（19）inanewspaper’spages.Butforthemostpart,circulationdependsonanewspaper’svaluetoreadersasasourceofinformation（20）thecommunity,city,county,state,nationandworld—andevenouterspace.问题1选项A.JustwhenB.WhileC.SoonafterD.Before问题2选项A.togiveB.givingC.givenD.beinggiven问题3选项A.WhereverB.WhateverC.HoweverD.Whichever问题4选项A.reasonB.causeC.problemD.purpose问题5选项A.makeB.publishC.knowD.write问题6选项A.anotherB.otherC.oneanotherD.theother问题7选项A.HoweverB.AndC.ThereforeD.So问题8选项A.valueB.ratioC.rateD.speed问题9选项A.spreadB.passedC.printedD.completed问题10选项A.provokeB.jumpC.stepD.branch问题11选项A.mattersB.affairsC.thingsD.events问题12选项A.onB.throughC.withD.of问题13选项A.formsB.existenceC.contentsD.purpose问题14选项A.triestocoverB.managestocoverC.failstocoverD.succeedsincovering问题15选项A.sourceB.originC.courseD.finance问题16选项A.wayB.meansC.chanceD.success问题17选项A.measuresB.measuredC.ismeasuredD.wasmeasured问题18选项A.somewhatB.littleC.muchD.something问题19选项A.offeringB.offeredC.whichofferedD.tobeoffered问题20选项A.byB.withC.atD.about3.单选题PainterFridaKahlo(1910―1954)oftenusedharrowingimagesderivedfromherMexicanheritagetoexpresssufferingcausedbyadisablingaccidentandastormymarriage.Suggestingmuchpersonalandemotionalcontent,herworks—manyofthemself-portraits—havebeenexhaustivelypsychoanalyzed,whiletheirpoliticalcontenthasbeenlessstudied.YetKahlowasanardentpoliticalactivistwhoinherartsoughtnotonlytoexploreherownroots,butalsotochampionMexico’sstruggleforanindependentpoliticalandculturalidentity.KahlowasinfluencedbyMarxism,whichappealedtomanyintellectualsinthe1920sand1930s,andbyMexicannationalism.InterestinMexico’scultureandhistoryhadrevivedinthenineteenthcentury,andbytheearly1900s,Mexicanindigenistatendenciesrangedfromaviolentlyanti-SpanishidealizationofAztecMexicotoanemphasisoncontemporaryMexicanIndiansasthekeytoauthenticMexicanculture.Mexicannationalism,reactingagainstcontemporaryUnitedStatespoliticalinterventioninlabordisputesaswellasagainstpastdominationbySpain,identifiedtheAztecsasthelastindependentrulersofanindigenouspoliticalunit.Kahlo’sformofMexicanidad,aromanticnationalismthatfocusedupontraditionalartunitingallindigenistas,reveredtheAztecsasapowerfulpre-ColumbiansocietythathadunitedalargeareaoftheMiddleAmericasandthatwasthoughttohavebeenbasedoncommunallabor,theMarxistideal.Inherpaintings,KahlorepeatedlyemployedAztecsymbols,suchasskeletonsorbleedingheartsthatweretraditionallyrelatedtotheemanationoflifefromdeathandlightfromdarkness.TheseimagesofdestructioncoupledwithcreationspeaknotonlytoKahlo’spersonalbattleforlife,butalsototheMexicanstruggletoemergeasanation—byimplication,toemergewiththepoliticalandculturalstrengthadmiredintheAzteccivilization.Self-portraitontheBorderbetweenMexicoandtheUnitedStates(1932),forexample,showsKahlowearingabonenecklace,holdingaMexicanflag,andstandingbetweenahighlyindustrializedUnitedStatesandanagricultural,preindustrialMexico.OntheUnitedStatessidearemechanisticandmodemimagessuchassmokestacks,lightbulbs,androbots.Incontrast,theorganicandancientsymbolsontheMexicanside—ablood-drenchedSun,lushvegetation,anAztecsculpture,apre-Columbiantemple,andaskullalludingtothosethatlinedthewallsofAztectemples—emphasizetheinterrelationoflife,death,theearth,andthecosmos.KahloportrayedAztecimagesinthefolkloricstyleoftraditionalMexicanpaintings,therebyheighteningtheclashbetweenmodemmaterialismandindigenoustradition;similarly,shefavoredplannedeconomicdevelopment,butnotattheexpenseofculturalidentity.Heruseoffamiliarsymbolsinareadilyaccessiblestylealsoservedhergoalofbeingpopularlyunderstood;inturn,KahloisviewedbysomeMexicansasamythicfigurerepresentativeofnationalismitself.31.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainpointofthepassage?32.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsconcerningpsychoanalyticandpoliticalinterpretationsofKahlo'sworkwouldtheauthorbemostlikelytoagree?33.WhichoneofthefollowingstancestowardtheUnitedStatesdoesthepassagementionascharacterizingMexicannationalistsintheearlytwentiethcentury?34.Inthecontextofthepassage,whichoneofthefollowingphrasescouldbestbesubstitutedfortheword"romantic"（Paragraph2,Line7）withoutsubstantiallychangingtheauthor'smeaning?35.ThepassageimpliesthatKahlo'sattitudetowardtheeconomicdevelopmentofMexicowas（）.问题1选项A.ThedoctrinesofMarxistideologyandMexicannationalismheavilyinfluencedMexicanpaintersofKahlo’sgeneration.B.Kahlo’spaintingscontainnumerousreferencestotheAztecsasanindigenousMexicanpeoplepredatingEuropeaninfluence.C.AnimportantelementofKahlo’sworkisconveyedbysymbolsthatreflectheradvocacyofindigenousMexicancultureandMexicanpoliticalautonomy.D.TheuseofAztecimagesandsymbolsinKahlo’sartcanbetracedtothelatenineteenth-centuryrevivalofinterestinMexicanhistoryandculture.问题2选项A.ThepsychoanalyticinterpretationsofKahlo’sworktendtochallengethepoliticalinterpretations.B.PoliticalandpsychoanalyticinterpretationsarenetplementaryapproachestoKahlo’swork.C.RecentpoliticalinterpretationsofKahlo’sworkarecausingpsychoanalyticcriticstorevisetheirowninterpretations.D.Unlikethepoliticalinterpretations,thepsychoanalyticinterpretationsmakeuseofbiographicalfactsofKahlo’slife.问题3选项A.OppositiontoUnitedStatesinvolvementininternalMexicanaffairs.B.DesiretodecreaseemigrationoftheMexicanlaborforcetotheUnitedStates.C.DesiretoimproveMexico’seconomiccompetitivenesswiththeUnitedStates.D.ReluctancetoimitatetheUnitedStatesmodelofrapidindustrialization.问题4选项A.Dreamyandescapist.B.Nostalgicandidealistic.C.Fancifulandimaginative.D.Transcendentalandimpractical.问题5选项A.enthusiasticB.condemnatoryC.cautiousD.noncommittal4.单选题Intheeighteenthcentury,Japan’sfeudaloverlords,fromtheshoguntothehumblestsamurai,foundthemselvesunderfinancialstress.Inpart,thisstresscanbeattributedtotheoverlords’failuretoadjusttoarapidlyexpandingeconomy,butthestresswasalsoduetofactorsbeyondtheoverlords’control.Concentrationofthesamuraiincastle-townshadactedasastimulustotrade.Commercialefficiency,inturn,hadputtemptationsinthewayofbuyers.Sincemostsamuraihadbeenreducedtoidlenessbyyearsofpeace,encouragedtoengageinscholarshipandmartialexercisesortoperformadministrativetasksthattooklittletime,itisnotsurprisingthattheirtastesandhabitsgrewexpensive.Overlords’income,despitetheincreaseinriceproductionamongtheirtenantfarmers,failedtokeeppacewiththeirexpenses.Althoughshortfallsinoverlords’incomeresultedalmostasmuchfromlaxityamongtheirtaxcollectors(thenearlyinevitableoutcomeofhereditaryoffice-holding)asfromtheirhigherstandardsofliving,amisfortunelikeafireorflood,bringinganincreaseinexpensesoradropinrevenue,couldputadomainindebttothecityrice-brokerswhohandleditsfinances.Onceindebt,neithertheindividualsamurainortheshogunhimselffounditeasytorecover.Itwasdifficultforindividualsamuraioverlordstoincreasetheirincomebecausetheamountofricethatfarmerscouldbemadetopayintaxeswasnotunlimited,andsincetheincomeofJapan’scentralgovernmentconsistedinpartoftaxescollectedbytheshogunfromhishugedomain,thegovernmenttoowasconstrained.Therefore,theTokugawashogunsbegantolooktoothersourcesforrevenue.Cashprofitsfromgovernment-ownedmineswerealreadyonthedeclinebecausethemosteasilyworkeddepositsofsilverandgoldhadbeenexhausted,althoughdebasementofthecoinagehadcompensatedfortheloss.Openingupnewfarmlandwasapossibility,butmostofwhatwassuitablehadalreadybeenexploitedandfurtherreclamationwastechnicallyunfeasible.Directtaxationofthesamuraithemselveswouldbepoliticallydangerous.Thislefttheshogunsonlycommerceasapotentialsourceofgovernmentincome.Mostofthecountry’swealth,orsoitseemed,wasfindingitswayintothehandsofcitymerchants.Itappearedreasonablethattheyshouldcontributepartofthatrevenuetoeasetheshogun’sburdenoffinancingthestate.Ameansofobtainingsuchrevenuewassoonfoundbylevyingforcedloans,knownasgoyo-kin;althoughthesewerenottaxesinthestrictsense,sincetheywereirregularintimingandarbitraryinamount,theywerehighinyield.Unfortunately,theypushedupprices.Thus,regrettably,theTokugawashoguns，searchforsolvencyforthegovernmentmadeitincreasinglydifficultforindividualJapanesewholivedonfixedstipendstomakeendsmeet.31.Thepassageismostprobablyanexcerptfrom（）.32.WhichofthefollowingfinancialsituationsismostanalogoustothefinancialsituationinwhichJapan’sTokugawashogunsfoundthemselvesintheeighteenthcentury?33.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheattitudeoftheauthortowardthesamuraidiscussedinSentence5,Paragraph1?34.Thepassagesuggeststhat,ineighteenth-centuryJapan,theofficeoftaxcollector（）.35.ThepassageimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingwastheprimaryreasonwhytheTokugawashogunsturnedtocitymerchantsforhelpinfinancingthestate?问题1选项A.aneconomichistoryofJapanB.thememoirsofasamuraiwarriorC.amodernnovelabouteighteenth-centuryJapanD.anessaycontrastingJapanesefeudalismwithitsWesterncounterpart问题2选项A.Asmallbusinessborrowsheavilytoinvestinnewequipment,butisabletopayoffitsdebtearlywhenitisawardedalucrativegovernmentcontract.B.Firedestroysasmallbusiness,butinsurancecoversthecostofrebuilding.C.Asmallbusinessisturneddownforaloanatalocalbankbecausetheownershavenocredithistory.D.Asmallbusinesshastostruggletomeetoperatingexpenseswhenitsprofitsdecrease.问题3选项A.Warmlyapproving.B.Mildlysympathetic.C.Bitterlydisappointed.D.Harshlydisdainful.问题4选项A.wasasourceofpersonalprofittotheofficeholderB.wasregardedwithderisionbymanyJapaneseC.remainedwithinfamiliesD.existedonlyincastle-towns问题5选项A.Aseriesofcostlywarshaddepletedthenationaltreasury.B.Mostofthecountry’swealthappearedtobeincitymerchants’hands.C.Japanhadsufferedaseriesofeconomicreversalsduetonaturaldisasterssuchasfloods.D.Themerchantswerealreadyheavilyindebtedtotheshoguns.5.单选题Medievalistsusuallydistinguishmedievalpubliclawfromprivatelaw:theformerwasconcernedwithgovernmentandmilitaryaffairsandthelatterwiththefamily,socialstatus,andlandtransactions.Examinationonmedievalwomen’slivesshowsthisdistinctiontobeoverlysimplistic.Althoughmedievalwomenwerelegallyexcludedfromrolesthatcategorizedaspublic,suchassoldier,justice,jurymember,orprofessionaladministrativeofficial,women’scontrolofland—usuallyconsideredaprivateordomesticphenomenon—hadimportantpoliticalimplicationsinthefeudalsystemofthirteenth-centuryEngland.Sincelandequaledwealthandwealthequaledpower,certainwomenexercisedinfluencebycontrollingland.Unlikeunmarriedwomenwhowerelegallysubjecttotheirguardiansormarriedwomenwhohadnolegalidentityseparatefromtheirhusbands,womenwhowerewidowshadautonomywithrespecttoacquiringordisposingofcertainproperty,suingincourt,incurringliabilityfortheirowndebts,andmakingwills.Althoughfeudallandswerenormallytransferredthroughprimogeniture(theeldestsoninheritingall),whennosonssurvived,thesurvivingdaughtersinheritedequalsharesunderwhatwasknownaspartibleinheritance.Inadditiontocontrollinganysuchlandinheritedfromherparentsandanybridaldowry—propertyawomanbroughttothemarriagefromherownfamily—awidowwasentitledtouseofone-thirdofherlatehusband’slands.Called“dower”inEngland,thisgranthadgreaterlegalimportanceundercommonlawthandidthebridaldowry;nomarriagewaslegalunlessthegroomendowedthebridewiththispropertyattheweddingceremony.In1215MagnaCarta(ThecharterofEnglishpoliticalandcivillibertiesgrantedbyKingJohnatRunnymedeinJune1215)guaranteedawidow’srighttoclaimherdowerwithoutpayingafine;thisdocumentalsostrengthenedwidow’sabilitytocontrollandbyprohibitingforcedremarriage.After1272womencouldalsobenefitfromjointure:thegroomcouldagreetoholdpartorallofhislandsjointlywiththebride,sothatifonespousedied,theotherreceivedtheselands.Sincemanywidowshadinheritancesaswellasdowers,widowswerefrequentlythefinancialheadsofthefamily;eventhoughlegaltheoryassumedthemaintenanceoftheprincipleofprimogeniture,theamountoflandthewidowcontrolledcouldexceedthatofhersonorofothermaleheirs.Anyonewhoheldfeudallandexercisedauthorityoverthepeopleattachedtotheland—knights,rentaltenants,andpeasants—andhadtohireestateadministrators,overseeaccounts,receiverents,protecttenantsfromoutsideencroachment,punishtenantsfornotpayingrents,appointprieststolocalparishes,andactasguardiansoftenants,childrenandexecutorsoftheirwills.Manymarriedwomenfulfilledthesedutiesasdeputiesforhusbandsawayatcourtoratwar,butwidowscouldactontheirownbehalf.Widow’slegalindependenceissuggestedbytheirfrequentappearanceinthirteenth-centuryEnglishlegalrecords.Moreover,thescopeoftheirsway(a:acontrollinginfluenceb:sovereignpower:DOMINIONc:theabilitytoexerciseinfluenceorauthority:DOMINANCE;synonymsseePOWER.)isindicatedbythefactthatsomecontrollednotmerelysingleestates,butmultiplecounties.26.Whichoneofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?27.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelyexpressesthemeaningoftheworld“sway”asitisusedinLine33ofthepassage?28.Whichoneofthefollowingmostaccuratelydescribesthefunctionofthesecondparagraphofthepassage?29.Accordingtoinformationinthepassage,awidowinearlythirteenth-centuryEnglandcouldcontrolmorelandthandidhereldestsonif（）.30.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.问题1选项A.Thetraditionalviewofmedievalwomenaslegallyexcludedfrommanypublicofficesfailstoconsiderthirteenth-centurywomeninEnglandwhowereexemptedfromsuchrestrictions.B.Theeconomicindependenceofwomeninthirteenth-centuryEnglandwasprimarilydeterminednotbytheirmaritalstatus,butbytheirstatusasheirstotheirparents’estates.C.Thelawsandcustomsofthefeudalsysteminthirteenth-centuryEnglandenabledsomewomentoexerciseacertainamountofpowerdespitetheirlegalexclusionfrommostpublicroles.D.DuringthethirteenthcenturyinEngland,widowsgainedgreaterautonomyandlegalrightstotheirpropertythantheyhadhadinpreviouscenturies.问题2选项A.Vacillation.B.Dominion.C.Predisposition.D.Inclination.问题3选项A.Providingexamplesofspecifichistoricaleventsassupportfortheconclusiondrawninthethirdparagraph.B.Narratingasequenceofeventswhoseoutcomesdiscussedinthethirdparagraph.C.Explaininghowcircumstancesdescribedinthefirstparagraphcouldhaveoccurred.D.Describingtheeffectsofaneventmentionedinthefirstparagraph.问题4选项A.thewidowhadbeengrantedthecustomaryamountofdowerlandandtheeldestsoninheritedtherestofthelandB.thewidowhadthreedaughtersinadditiontohereldestsonC.theprincipleofprimogeniturehadbeenappliedintransferringthelandsownedbythewidow’slatehusbandD.thecombinedamountoflandthewidowhadacquiredfromherownfamilyandfromdowerwasgreaterthantheamountinheritedbyherson问题5选项A.explainalegalcontroversyofthepastinlightofmodemtheoryB.evaluatetheeconomicandlegalstatusofaparticularhistoricalgroupC.resolveascholarlydebateaboutlegalhistoryD.tracethehistoricaloriginsofamodemeconomicsituation6.单选题Patientstendtofeelindignantandinsultedifthephysiciantellsthemhecanfindnoorganiccauseforthepain.Theytendtointerprettheterm“psychogenic”tomeanthattheyarecomplainingofnonexistentsymptoms.Theyneedtobeeducatedaboutthefactthatmanyformsofpainhavenounderlyingphysicalcausebutaretheresult,asmentionedearlier,oftension,stressorhostilefactorsinthegeneralenvironment.Sometimesapainmaybeamanifestationof“conversionhysteria”.Obviously,itisfollyforanindividualtoignoresymptomsthatcouldbeawarningofapotentiallyseriousillness.Somepeoplearesoterrifiedofgettingnewsfromadoctorthattheyallowtheirmalaisetoworsen,sometimespastthepointofnoreturn.Totalneglectisnottheanswertohypochondria.Theonlyanswerhastobeincreasededucationaboutthewaythehumanbodyworks;sothatmorepeoplewillbeabletosteeranintelligentcoursebetweenpromiscuouspill-poppingandirresponsibledisregardofgenuinesymptoms.Ofallformsofpain,noneisimportantfortheindividualtounderstandthanthe“threshold”variety.Almosteveryonehasatelltaleachethatistriggeredwhenevertensionorfatiguereachesacertainpoint.Itcantaketheformofamigraine-typeheadacheorasqueezingpaindeepintheabdomenorcrampsorapaininthelowerbackoreveninthejoints.Theindividualwhohaslearnedhowtomakethecorrelationbetweensuchthresholdpainsandtheircausedoesn'tpanicwhentheyoccur;heorshedoessomethingaboutrelievingthestressandtension.Then,ifthepainpersistsdespitetheabsenceofapparentcause,theindividualwilltelephonethedoctor.26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?27.Somepeoplesufferingfromapaindonotgotohospitalbecause（）.28.Accordingtothepassage,theproperwaytowardsapainis（）.29.Assoonasapersongets“thresholdpains”，heshould（）.问题1选项A.Apaincanonlybecausedbyphysicalharm.B.Somepeoplearecomplainingofapainwhichdoesnotexist.C.Apaincanbecausedbypsychogenicfactors.D.Educatedpeopledonotcomplainofnonexistentpain.问题2选项A.theyarehorrifiedtogetthebadnewsB.theythinknomedicineiseffectiveC.theythinkthepainwilldisappearassoonasyouforgetitD.theyaretoobusy问题3选项A.takingdifferentmedicinesB.visitingfamousphysiciansC.payingnoattentiontoitD.noneoftheabove问题4选项A.telephonethedoctorimmediatelyB.firstrelievethestressandtensionwhichcausethepainsC.waittoletthepainsreachacertainpointD.takepain-killer7.写作题Youarerequiredtowriteabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic“TheSignificanceoftheSpringFestivalGala”.8.写作题Youarerequiredtowriteabout200wordsonthefollowingtopic“TheBadAspectofOnlineShopping”.9.翻译题AlthoughtelevisionondemandhasnotyetbecomeamainstreamactivityintheUK,theBBC,ITVandChannel4haveallinvestedvastsumsofmoneyintechnologywhichenablesviewerstowatchtheirfavouriteshowsontheircomputers.1.Butsomecritics,includingsomeinternetserviceproviders,havewarnedthattheinternetwillcollapseunderthestrainofmillionsofpeopledownloadingprogrammesatthe