北京卷02-2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷（原卷版）

2024年高考英语一轮复习测试卷二（北京卷）本试卷共100分。考试时长100分钟考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：学问运用（共两节，30分）第一节完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5份，共15份）阅读下面短文，把握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)IglancedtomyleftandrightasIgotreadyatthestartingline.Thesightofothercompetitorswhohadconfidentandfierce-lookingfacesgotmegoosebumpsandIwasevenmore___1___thanbefore.“Onyourmark,getset...Go!”shoutedtheraceofficial.Ipushedmyselfforwardwithallmy___2___andstartedrunningasthoughaprideofman-eatinglionswerecomingafterme.AsIran,Icouldseetheothercompetitorscatchingupwithme.Allofasudden,Ifelldownonmyknees.Ahundredpairsofeyesboredintome,watchingme___3___togetup.ButnomatterhowhardItried,Ijustcouldnotdoit.“No,itcannotendlikethis.Ihaveto___4___thisrace.”Ithoughttomyself.However,thepainfrommyinjurywassounbearablethatIfelttotally___5___.Ireallywantedtogiveup.Outofdespair,Igazedupatthefinishingline.Justthen,akindcompetitor___6___herhandtome.“Thankyou...”Iwhispered___7___asIgrabbedherhandandshepulledmeup.Shelentmehershoulderforsupport,andI___8___forward.Thecrowdcheeredatthisbrilliantdisplayof___9___.Together,bothofuscrossedthefinishingline.EventhoughInevergotthechancetolearnhername,IwillalwaysrememberherastheonewhosteppedforwardtohelpmewhenIwasin_____10_____.1.A.tired B.confused C.nervous D.regretful2.A.joy B.might C.trouble D.shame3.A.attempt B.hesitate C.wait D.pretend4.A.organize B.evaluate C.appreciate D.complete5.A.defeated B.inspired C.shocked D.relaxed6.A.waved B.extended C.showed D.pointed7.A.proudly B.cautiously C.awkwardly D.gratefully8.A.moved B.fell C.bent D.looked9.A.partnership B.sportsmanship C.leadership D.friendship10.A.anger B.doubt C.need D.silence其次节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）（2023届北京市东城区高三一模）A阅读下列短文，依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Onaparticularsunnyday,littleMykelwasdeterminedtolearntoridehisbikewithoutthehelpoftrainingwheels.Whentheneighborhoodkids____11____(spot)Mykelshakilycontrollinghisbike,theyracedover____12____(help).Someheldthebikesteadywhileothersofferedencouragement.Mykelwasnotaloneashetriedtoreachhisgoaloflearningtoridehisbike!Somethingsare____13____(easy)saidthandone.However,withalittlehelpfromfriends,thingsgobetter!B阅读下列短文，依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Renewablemethodsfor____14____(produce)electricity,suchaswindturbinesandsolarpanels,canonlyprovidepoweronthedays____15____windblowsorthesunshines.Electricbatteries____16____(use)tostoreenergyareexpensiveandcanalsobepolluting.Finnishscientistscameupwithasimplesolutionthatputsunwantedgreenelectricitytowork,heating100tonsofsandtoaround500℃.Thesandstayshotformonths;whenenergy____17____(require),aircanbepumpedthroughitandheatedup.Theairinturnheatsasystemthatsupplieshotwatertoheatnearbyhouses.C阅读下列短文，依据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Theideaofwritingapoemmightfeelfrightening____18____(initial)—doyouneedtofollowacertainstructure,doesitneedtohavearhyme,ordoyouneedtohaverecitedadictionarytobea“proper”poet?Thetruthis:absolutelynot.Whilethereare“types”ofpoemthatofferstructuretoserve____19____aguide,therealityisthatpoetrydoesn’thavetofollowasetofrules—it’smuchmoreaboutconveyingafeeling,andthatopensupalotofcreative____20____(free)forustoexplore.其次部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2023届北京市朝阳区高三一模)TheEconomicandSocialCouncil(ECOSOC)YouthForumisanannualinitiativeofthePresidentoftheCouncil.IthasdevelopedintoakeyplatformwhereyoungpeoplecancontributetopolicydiscussionsattheUnitedNations(UN).Thisyear’sYouthForumwilltakeplacefrom25to27April,2023.·ObjectivesTheForumaimstoengageyoungpeopleinadialoguewithMemberStates,policymakersandotheractorstovoicetheirviewsandinspireactionsonhowtotransformtheworldintoabetterplaceguidedbytheSustainableDevelopmentGoals(SDGs).ParticipantswillalsohavetheopportunitytocontributetothepreparatoryprocessoftheSDGSummit.The2023ForumwilladdressthethemeonspeedinguptherecoveryfromtheCOVID-19andthefullimplementation(实施)ofthe2030AgendaforSustainableDevelopment.Itwillalsoreviewprogressintheareasofaffordableandcleanenergy,andsustainablecitiesandcommunities,ete.·FormatThethree-dayeventwillfeatureplenary(全体出席的)sessionsandregionallybaseddiscussions,withthelastdaydesignedforthepreparationofthe2023SDGSummit.Talentedyouthspeakerswilldelivershortpresentationsinbetweensessions.ParticipationintheForumisbyinvitationonly.TheyouthparticipantsareselectedbyNationalYouthCouncils,regionalyouthorganizations,etc.Theeventwillbeheldinamixedwayallowingforopportunitiesforin-personandvirtualparticipation.Participantswillalsobeabletoaskquestionsviasocialmedia.·Thevoicesfromlastyear’sparticipants2022ForumParticipantsTakeaway!“TheYouthForumgavemetheopportunitytodiscovertheskillsrequiredtomasterpublicspeaking.Thetimemanagementischallengingbutwefinishedalltasksevenwithatightschedule.”2022ForumParticipants’Advice!“Usingsourcestheteamprovideswillincreasetheefficiencyandeffectivenessofcompletingtasks.Ialsostronglyadvisethemtobeopentohearingeveryone’sdifferentopinionsfromanobjectivepointofview.”21.TheECOSOCYouthForum2023will________.A.discusstheglobalrecoveryissue B.selecttheyouthleadersfortheUNC.setgoalsforsustainabledevelopment D.gatheryoungpeopletobuildaplatform22.Accordingtothepassage,theyoungparticipantscan________.A.registertojoinintheForumpersonally B.givebriefspeechesinplenarysessionsC.takepartintheeventonlineandoffline D.attendtheSDGSummitaftertheForum23.Whatistheadvicefrom2022participants?A.Tobewillingtoconsidervariousvoices. B.Tomaketimearrangementsatoppriority.C.Tomasterpublicspeakingskillsinadvance. D.Tobeefficientwiththehelpofpolicymakers.B(2023届北京市丰台区高三一模)ThiswasthefirstcommunicationthathadcomefromherauntinJessie’slifetime.“Ithinkyouraunthasforgivenmeatlast,”herfathersaidashepassedtheletteracrossthetable.Jessielookedfirstattheautograph(签名).Itseemedstrangetoseeherownnamethere.Therewasalikenessbetweenheraunt’sautographandherown,ahintofthesamedecisivenessandprecision.IfJessiehadbeeneducatedfiftyyearsearlier,shemighthavewrittenhernameinjustthatmanner.“You’reverylikeherinsomeways,”herfathersaid,asshestillstaredattheautograph.“IshouldthinkyoumustalmosthaveforgottenwhatAuntJessiewaslike,dear,”shesaid.“Howmanyyearsisitsinceyoulastsawher?”“Morethanforty,”herfathersaid.“Wedisagreed.Weinvariablydisagreed.Jessiealwayspridedherselfonbeingsomodern.ShereadDarwinandthingslikethat.Altogetherbeyondme,Iadmit.”“Andsoitseemsthatshewantstoseeme.”Jessiestraightenedhershouldersandliftedherhead.Shewasexcitedatthethoughtofmeetingthismythicalauntwhomshehadsooftenheardabout.Sometimesshehadwonderedifthepersonalityofthisremarkablerelativehadnotbeenafigment(虚构)ofherfather’simagination.Butthisletterofhersthatnowlayonthebreakfasttablewasadmirableincharacter.Therewassomethingofintoleranceexpressedinitstone.Itwasjustlikewhatherfatherhadtoldher.Mr.Deanecameoutofhispastmemorieswithasigh.“Yes,yes;shewantstoseeyou,mydear,”hesaid.“I’veheardshehassetupaschoolandhelpedmanyyoungsters.Ithinkyouhadbetteracceptthisinvitationtostaywithher.Ifshetookafancytoyou,youcouldgetabettereducation…”Hesighedagain,andJessieknewthatforthehundredthtimehewasregrettinghisownpastweakness...25.HowwastherelationshipbetweenJessie’sfatherandheraunt?A.Itremainedverycloseovertheyears. B.Itwasbrokenwhentheywereyoung.C.Itgottenserduetoamisunderstanding. D.Itwasuneasyfortheirfinancialdifferences.26.Fromthepassage,weknowJessiewas.A.eagertomeetheraunt. B.cautiousaboutheraunt’sinvitationC.angrywithherauntforignoringherfamily. D.puzzledbyheraunt’ssuddeninterestinher27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Jessie’sauntpromisedtoofferherbettereducation. B.Jessie’saunt’spersonalityseemedtochangealot.C.Jessieandherauntweredifferentinpersonality. D.Jessie’sfatherfeltsorryforwhathehaddone.C(2022届北京市顺义区高三一模)Ithasalwaysbeenhorribleformetopicturemylifeinoldage.Myrecentvisitstotheseniorcarecenter,however,easedsomeofmyfearsandprovidedvaluablefoodforthought.Lookingformeaningfulwaystospendmyweekendsaftermyexams,Isigneduptoaprogramofartsandcraftsfortheelderlyrunbymyschoolmates.IwasinformedthattheRenciNursingHome,wheretheprogramwouldbeheld,housedsomeofthelessfortunateelderlyinSingapore.Somebackgroundresearchgavemetheimpressionthatmanyofthemsufferedfromphysicalissuesandhadlittlefamilysupport.Asaresult,Iexpectedtheatmospheretheretobediscouraging.And,judgingbythelackofinterestinthepaintingactivities,Itrulysensedafeelingofpurposelessnessthere.Giventhatweliveinasocietyinwhichthebondsbetweenthegenerationsareweakening,perhapsthedisappointingatmosphereinthehomewasn’tsurprising.Thepeoplewerecutofffromthetiesthatmakelifemeaningful.Isitsafetosaythenthatourlivesafterretirementwilllikelyfeelaimless?ButafterIspoketoaPortuguese-Chineseman,Ithoughtthatthiswasn’tnecessarilyso.Attheageof90,hedisplayedasurprisinglystrongsenseofcontroloverhislife.Hislivelinesswasexceptionalamongtheelderlypopulationinthehome.Hehadspenthislifeeithertravelingaroundtheworldasabackpacker,orworkinghardinSingaporetosaveupforhistrips.Hehadmadeitaruletolearnforeignlanguages,exerciseandeathealthily—somethinghecontinuedtododuringhisstayinthenursinghome.WhilehespoketomeabouthowhistimeinLondonhadshapedhisviewofculturaldifference.Ilookedintohiseyes.IknewthatthiswasthekindofcontroloverlifethatIwantedformyself.Idon'twanttospendhalfofmytimewanderingaboutinforeigncountrieslikehedid,butIdowanttoappreciatetherichnessthatlifehastooffer.27.WhydidtheauthorgototheRenciNurseryHome?A.Becauseitwasrunbyhisschoolmates. B.Becausehemeanttolearnartsandcrafts.C.Becausehewantedasignificantweekend. D.Becauseithousedsomelessfortunateelderly.28.Beforetheauthorenteredthenursinghome,hethoughtitwas_______.A.aplacefilledwithdepressions B.aplacesolvingphysicalproblemsC.aplacefullofimpressiveactivities D.aplaceconnectingdifferentgenerations29.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehisattitudetowardoldage?A.Thehardworkoftheelderly. B.Thelivelinessofanoldman.C.Theviewofculturaldifference. D.Thecareofthenursinghome.30.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.CaringfortheElderly. B.LivingbyHisOwnLaw.C.TravelingonOurWay D.PreparingfortheOldAge.D(2023届北京市石景山区一模)Manyofusmayexperiencedinner-tabledebates.Onecommonsceneplaysoutasfollows.Youwanttoconvinceafriendorafamilymemberofsomethingyouknowtheymaydisagree,andyoushareinformationandwalkthroughyourreasoningwiththem.Still,theyrejectyourcase.Howdoyoureactwhenyourpowersofpersuasionfail?Youmightdismissthepersonwhodoesn’tagreewithyourargumentsasnarrow-minded,foolishorotherwiseoutoftouchwithreality.Thewholeexperiencemayfeelliketryingtoguidesomeoneonajourneywhentheyrefusetofollow.Psychologistshavecreatedaterm,persuasionfatigue,todescribethisformoffrustration(懊恼).Persuasionfatiguemaymakeithardertosuccessfullykeepchallengingconversations.Pastresearchdemonstratesthatfeelingfrustratedcanmakeyoumoreresistanttochangingyourmind.Italsoshowsthatfrustrationmayreduceyourabilitytorecognizewhyyourargumentsdon’tsucceed.Persuasionfatiguealsoexplainswhy,whendebatesbreakdown,peopletendtoblametheirconversationalopponent.AsMarkTwainoncewrote,“Inallmattersofopinion,ouropponentsareinsane(愚蠢的).”Inpastfindings,peoplegenerallyreportedthreetimesasmanyreasonswhyothers’faultsledtofaileddebatesratherthantheirownshortcomings.Itistruethatothersarenotalwaysopentoyourideas.Endingthediscussioncanthereforebetherightthingtodo.Butinanoverheateddebate,yourfatiguemayleadyoutomisinterpretthesituationandbelievethatyouropponentistoostupidtoseethetruth.Fortunately,psychologistssuggestsomesoundapproachestomanagingthesesituationsandprotectingyourrelationships.Toreachyouraudience,itmaybeessentialtoexpressyourmessageintermsoftheirvalues,notyours.Psychologistscallthis“moralreframing.”Infact,researchessuggestthatthesimpleactofacknowledgingvaluesofthepeopleyou’retalkingto—tellingthemyouunderstandwherethey’recomingfrom,evenifyoudon’tagree—mayleadthemtolowertheirdefensesandopenupalittletonewarguments.Yourfatiguemaybeevenworsebythinkingorassumingthatdebateisazero-sumstruggle—thatyouwinif,andonlyif,youropponentloses.Butsometimesyou’rebetteroffseeinganargumentasacooperativeefforttofindthetruth—lesslikeangryneighboursfightingovertheirpropertyline.Theneighboursmaplandtogetherbyviewingitfrommultipleangles.Similarly,debatescanhelpyoutriangulateaviewbetweenyouropinionandtheotherperson’s.Thetendencytoblameothersforexhaustingdebateshasrealconsequences.Inourexhaustion,wemayfailtoseewhenourfrustrationsstemfromadeepdesireforconnection.Recognizingpersuasionfatigue—andhowwecontributetoit—mayhelpuspassthroughheateddebateswithoutleavingthosewelovebehind.31.Peoplemayexperiencepersuasionfatiguewhenthey_________.A.tryinvaintoconvinceothers B.misinterpretothers’reasoningC.adoptothers’viewsunwillingly D.trytopersuadenarrow-mindedpeople32.Whichisthepossibleconsequenceofpersuasionfatigue?A.Onecan’tsticktohispointofview. B.Oneadmitshislimitsandweaknesses.C.Onecan’tgettotherootoffaileddebates. D.Onefeelsincompetentforfurtherarguments.33.WhydoestheauthorquoteMarkTwaininthepassage?A.Tostresstheeffectofchangingothers’mind. B.Toconfirmthedifficultyofwinninganargument.C.Toexplainthereasonforone’sendinganargumentD.Tosupporttheideaofone’stendencytoblameothers.34.Whichistherecommendedsolutiontomanagingpersuasionfatigue?A.Seeingadebateasazero-sumgame. B.Makinganeffortforcommonground.C.Shiftingthetopictolowerothers’defenses. D.Reframingpointsbasedonone’sownvalues.其次节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）(2023届北京市石景山区一模)依据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。Adultsareoftenembarrassedaboutaskingforaid.It’sanactthatcanmakepeoplefeelemotionallyunsafe.____35____Seekingassistancecanfeellikeyouarebroadcastingyourincompetence.Newresearchsuggestsyoungchildrendon’tseekhelpinschool,evenwhentheyneedit,forthesamereason.Untilrecently,psychologistsassumedthatchildrendidnotstarttocareabouttheirreputationandtheirfriends’thoughtsaboutthemuntilaroundagenine.Butourresearchsuggeststhatasearlyasageseven,childrenbegintoconnectaskingforhelpwithlookingincompetentinfrontofothers.Atsomepoint,everychildstrugglesintheclassroom.____36____Tolearnmoreabouthowchildrenthinkaboutreputation,wecreatedsimplestoriesandthenaskedchildrenquestionsaboutthesesituationstoallowkidstoshowcasetheirthinking.Acrossseveralstudies,weasked576children,agesfourtonine,topredictthebehavioroftwokidsinastory.Oneofthecharactersgenuinelywantedtobesmart,andtheothermerelywantedtoseemsmarttoothers.Inonestudy,wetoldchildrenthatbothkidsdidpoorlyonatest.____37____Thefour-year-oldswereequallylikelytochooseeitherofthetwokidsastheonewhowouldseekhelp.Butbyagesevenoreight,childrenthoughtthatthekidwhowantedtoseemsmartwouldbelesslikelytoaskforassistance.Andchildren’sexpectationsweretruly“reputational”innature-theywerespecificallythinkingabouthowthecharacterswouldactinfrontofothers.Whenassistancecouldbesoughtprivately(onacomputerratherthaninperson),childrenthoughtbothcharacterswereequallylikelytoaskforit.____38____Teacherscouldgivechildrenmoreopportunitiestoseekassistanceprivately.Theyshouldalsohelpstudentsrealizeaskingquestionsinfrontofothersasnormal,positivebehavior.____39____Parentscouldpointouthowachild’squestionkickedoffavaluableconversationinwhichtheentirefamilygottotalkandlearntogether.Adultscouldpraisekidsforseekingassistance.Theseresponsessendastrongsignalthatotherpeoplevalueawillingnesstoaskforaidandthatseekinghelpispartofapathtosuccess.A.Kidscouldbeafraidtoasktheirparentsforhelp.B.Seekinghelpcouldevenbetaughtassociallydesirable.C.Inanotherstudywetoldthemthatonlyonekiddidpoorly.D.Suchreputationalbarrierslikelyrequirereputation-basedsolutions.E.Themomentyouaskfordirections,afterall,yourevealthatyouarelost.F.Butiftheyareafraidtoaskforhelpbecausetheirclassmatesarewatching,learningwillsuffer.G.Wethenaskedwhichofthesecharacterswouldbemorelikelytoraisetheirhandinfrontoftheirclasstoasktheteacherforhelp.第三部分书面表达（共两节，共32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）(2023届北京市房山区高三一模)阅读下面短文，依据题目要求用英文回答问题。Throughoutourlives,wearefacedwithmanydifferentlearningexperiences.Someoftheseexperienceshavemademoreofanimpactthanothers.Thiscanbeduetodifferentintelligencesorlearningstyles.Aperson’slearningstyleor“intelligence”isthemethodthroughwhichtheygaininformationmosteasily.Thetheoryofmultipleintelligenceswasproposedin1983byDr.GardnerinhisbookFramesofMind:TheTheoryofMultipleIntelligences,anditsuggeststhattraditionalideasaboutintelligence,measuredbystandardizedIQtests,areverylimited.Accordingtohim,eightdifferentintelligencesareproposedtodescribetherangeofdifferentabilitiesinchildrenandadults.Theyare:linguisticintelligence,logical-mathematicalintelligence,spatialintelligence,bodily-kinestheticintelligence,musicalintelligence,interpersonalintelligence,intrapersonalintelligence,andnaturalisticintelligence.Someschoolsfocusattentiononlinguisticandlogical-mathematicalintelligences.However,Dr.Gardnersaysthatweshouldplaceequalattentiononpeoplewhopossesstheotherintelligences:designers,athletes,musicians,salesmen,psychologists,andbiologists.Educationcanbemuchmoreinterestingandhelpmorestudentstolearnmoreeffectivelyifteachersareencouragedtopresen