Unit2语法专项课件sothatsuchthatneed宾语从句北师大版英语八年级下册

教学课件北师大英语八年级下册Unit2语法专项——so…that/such…that、need的双重词性用法、宾语从句

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学习目标1.精准区分so…that与such…that的用法，能完成句式转换2.掌握need作实义动词、情态动词的不同结构与用法3.理解宾语从句定义，熟练掌握其引导词、语序、时态三大核心规则4.能完成填空、单选、句型转换等语法题型语法一so…that/such…that定义与功能二者均为连词结构，用于引导结果状语从句，核心含义是“如此……以至于……”，用来表达前半句的情况引发了后半句的结果。例：Sheissokindthateveryonelikesher.（她如此善良，以至于所有人都喜欢她。）例：Itissuchanicedaythatwegoforapicnic.（天气这么好，我们去野餐了。）so…that结构与用法so后只能接形容词或副词原级，固定结构为：so+adj./adv.+that+结果从句，核心特征是so后无紧跟的名词，可用于肯定句和否定句。例：Herunssofastthatnoonecancatchupwithhim.（他跑得太快，没人能追上他。）例：ThemovieissoboringthatIleaveearly.（这部电影太无聊，我早早离开了。）such…that结构与用法such后必须接名词短语（名词前可加形容词修饰），固定结构为：such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that+从句；可数单数名词前加a/an，不可数/复数名词不加，核心是such紧跟名词。例：Sheissuchagoodstudentthatallteacherspraiseher.（她是个如此优秀的学生，所有老师都表扬她。）例：Theyaresuchcutekidsthateveryonewantstoplaywiththem.such…that不同名词的搭配规则名词类型搭配结构例句可数单数such+a/an+adj.+可数单n.suchabeautifulflowerthatshekeepsitcarefully不可数名词such+adj.+不可数n.suchdeliciousfoodthatweeatalot可数复数such+adj.+可数复n.suchinterestingbooksthatwereadalldayso…that与such…that核心区别结构后接成分核心特征例句so…that形容词/副词无名词紧跟sosotallthathecanreachtheshelfsuch…that名词短语such后紧跟名词suchatallboythathecanreachtheshelfso…that与such…that转换技巧仅可数单数名词可实现二者转换，转换公式：so+adj.+a/an+可数单n.+that=such+a/an+adj.+可数单n.+that。例：sobeautifuladress=suchabeautifuldress；socleveraboy=suchacleverboy注意：不可数名词、可数复数名词只能用such…that，无法与so…that转换，如suchcoldwater（不可说socoldwater）。语法一小练手·so/such填空1.Thegirlis______lovelythatallherclassmateslikeher.2.Itwas______aterriblestormthatmanytreesfelldown.3.Hestudies______hardthathealwaysgetsgoodgrades.4.Thisis______aninterestingmoviethatIwanttowatchitagain.5.Thewindblows______stronglythatwecan'tgoout.sosuchsosuchso语法二need的两种词性总述need可作实义动词和情态动词，核心含义均为“需要”，但两种词性的结构、否定形式、疑问形式差异显著；作实义动词时有词形变化，可用于各种句式；作情态动词时无词形变化，多用于否定句和疑问句。need作实义动词的用法基本结构：needtodosth.（需要做某事），有人称和时态变化，第三人称单数用needs，过去式用needed；否定形式为don't/doesn't/didn'tneedtodosth.，疑问形式为Do/Does/Did+主语+needtodosth.；还可直接接名词，表needsth.（需要某物）。例：Ineedtofinishmyhomeworkfirst.（我需要先完成作业。）例：Weneedanewdeskforthestudy.（我们的书房需要一张新桌子。）need作情态动词的用法基本结构为needdosth.（直接接动词原形，无需加to），无人称和时态变化，主语无论单复数均用need+动词原形；否定形式为needn'tdosth.（不必做某事），疑问形式为Need+主语+dosth.?；极少用于肯定句，主要用于否定句和疑问句。例：Youneedn'thurry;wehaveenoughtime.例：NeedIcleantheroomrightnow?（我需要现在打扫房间吗？）need两种词性的用法对比词性基本结构否定形式疑问形式例句实义动词needtodosth.don't/doesn'tneedtodoDo/Doessb.needtodo?Ineedtogonow.情态动词needdosth.needn'tdosth.Needsb.dosth.?Youneedn'tgonow.need易混点拓展1.needdoing=needtobedone，表被动含义，指“某物需要被做”，此用法中need为实义动词，有词形变化。例：Thewindowneedscleaning.=Thewindowneedstobecleaned.2.needn'tdosth.与don'thavetodosth.为同义表达，均表“不必做某事”。例：Weneedn'tgetupearly.=Wedon'thavetogetupearly.语法二小练手·词形填空1.He______(need)togotothedoctorbecausehehasacold.2.You________________(notneed)tobuymorefruit;wehavealot.3.Needthey_________(finish)theworktoday?4.She_________(notneed)totakethebusyesterday;herdaddroveher.5.Thefloor________(need)clean;it'sverydirty.needsdon'tneedfinishdidn'tneedneeds语法三宾语从句定义与功能宾语从句是在句子中充当宾语的从句，属于名词性从句，本身有完整的句子结构；可作及物动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语，由“主句+引导词+宾语从句”构成复合句。例：Iknow(that)heisadoctor.（从句作及物动词know的宾语）例：I'mworriedaboutwhetherhecancome.（从句作介词about的宾语）宾语从句三类引导词（一）：thatthat用于引导陈述句作宾语，无实际含义，仅起连接主从句的作用；作及物动词的宾语时，that在口语和非正式文体中可省略；多个宾语从句并列时，第一个that可省，后面的不可省略。例：Shesays(that)shelikesreading.（单一句子，that可省）例：Hesays(that)heisbusyandthathecan'tcome.（并列从句，第二个that不可省）宾语从句三类引导词（二）：wh-类what/who/where/when/how/why等wh-词，用于引导特殊疑问句作宾语，保留原疑问词的含义；在从句中可作主语、宾语、地点状语、时间状语等成分，不可省略，需放在宾语从句句首。例：Idon'tknowwherehelives.（where作地点状语，表“在哪里”）例：SheaskswhatIlike.（what作宾语，表“什么”）例：Wewanttoknowwhowillcome.（who作主语，表“谁”）宾语从句三类引导词（三）：if/whetherif/whether用于引导一般疑问句作宾语，二者均表“是否”，在从句中不作成分，不可省略；二者的区别：①whether可与ornot连用，if不能；②介词后作宾语时，只能用whether，不能用if。例：Iwonderif/whetherhewillcome.（二者均可）例：Idon'tknowwhetherhewillcomeornot.（只能用whether）例：I'mthinkingaboutwhetherweshouldgo.（介词后，只能用whether）宾语从句核心规则一：陈述语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句必须使用陈述语序（主语+谓语）；特殊疑问句变宾语从句时，需将疑问语序改为“疑问词+主语+谓语”，去掉原句的助动词。错误：Idon'tknowwheredoeshelive.正确：Idon'tknowwherehelives.错误：CouldyoutellmehowcanIgetthere?正确：CouldyoutellmehowIcangetthere?宾语从句核心规则二：时态呼应1.主句为现在时，从句时态根据实际情况而定，可灵活使用各种时态。例：Iknowheisastudent.；Iknowhewillcometomorrow.2.主句为过去时，从句需用相应的过去时态。例：Hesaidhewasastudent.（一般现在→一般过去）；Hesaidhewouldcomethenextday.（一般将来→过去将来）3.从句为客观真理/客观事实，无论主句时态如何，从句均用一般现在时。例：Theteachersaidtheearthgoesaroundthesun.（地球绕太阳转是客观真理，用一般现在时）宾语从句直接引语变间接引语基础直接引语是直接引用别人的话，用引号；间接引语是用宾语从句转述别人的话，无引号，转换核心是调整引导词、语序、时态、人称、时间/地点状语。1.陈述句变间接引语：加that，调整人称和时态，如Hesaid,"Iamhappy."→Hesaidthathewashappy.2.一般疑问句变间接引语：换if/whether，变陈述语序，调整时态，如Heasked,"Areyouhappy?"→HeaskedifIwashappy.3.特殊疑问句变间接引语：保留疑问词，变陈述语序，调整时态，如Heasked,"Whereareyougoing?"→HeaskedwhereIwasgoing.语法三小练手·引导词填空1.Ibelieve_________hewillkeephispromise.2.Couldyoutellme_________youboughtthisnewpen?3.Shedoesn'tknow_________shecanpassthemathexamornot.4.Wewonder_________hedidn'tcometoschoolyesterday.5.Doyouknow_________themeetingwillstart?thatwherewhetherwhywhen单元语法易错点梳理1.so后接adj./adv.，such后接名词短语，切勿混淆。2.need作情态动词时，后接动词原形；作实义动词时，必须用needtodo。3.宾语从句的陈述语序是必考易错点，切记去掉疑问语序的助动词。4.whether可与ornot连用，if不可；介词后作宾语，只能用whether。5.客观真理作宾语从句，时态不受主句影响，始终用一般现在时。6.直接引语变间接引语，注意时间状语转换，如tomorrow→thenextday,today→thatday。单元语法知识框架1.so…that/such…that：引导结果状语从句，区分后接成分是关键，可数单数名词可实现二者转换2.need的双重用法：实义动词（needtodo/否定don'tneedtodo）、情态动词（needdo/否定needn'tdo）3.宾语从句三要素：引导词（that/wh-类/if/whether）、陈述语序、时态呼应（主句现从任意，主句过从相应，真理永现）单元语法综合练习（一）·填空一、用so/such填空1.Itis______hottodaythatwewanttoeaticecream.2.Theyare______hard-workingworkersthattheyfinishtheworkearly.3.Shesings______wellthatshewinsthesingingcompetition.二、用need的适当形式填空4.We______(need)topreparefortheexamcarefully.5.You_________(notneed)toworryaboutme;Icantakecareofmyself.sosuchsoneeddon'tneed单元语法综合练习（二）·单选1.Heis______akindmanthathealwayshelpsthepoor.A.soB.suchC.veryD.too2.You______finishtheworktoday;wehavemoretimetomorrow.A.needn'tB.don'tneedC.notneedD.neednotto3.Iwanttoknow______thenearestsupermarketis.A.whereisB.whereC.whereareD.