2026年06月大学英语四级考试试题三真题及答案

2026年06月大学英语四级考试试题三真题及答案[问答题]1.Directions:Supposeitisproposedthatuniversitystudentsshouldbereq（江南博哥）uiredtoparticipateinatleastoneresearchproject.Youarenowtowritearesponsebystatingwhatyouthinkoftheproposalintermsofitsnecessityandpracticality.Youwillhave30minutestowritetheessay.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.正确答案：【参考范文】OnRequiringStudentstoJoinResearchProjectsItisproposedthatuniversitystudentsshouldtakepartinatleastoneresearchproject.Frommyperspective,thisproposalisnecessaryyetfacescertainpracticalproblems.Participatinginresearchhelpsstudentscombinetheoreticalknowledgewithpractice.Itcultivatescriticalthinkingabilitiesandenrichestheircollegeexperience.However,wecannotignoreitspracticalbarriers.Manystudentslackrelevantresearchskills.Besides,heavycourseworkleavesthemlimitedsparetimeforprojectwork.Ifitbecomesacompulsoryrequirement,somestudentsmaydealwithitcarelesslyjusttomeettherule.Therefore,insteadofmakingitmandatory,universitiesshouldencourageresearchparticipationandofferbasictraining.Onlyinthiswaycanstudentstrulybenefitfromresearchactivities.参考解析：本文为四级议论文，要求从必要性与可行性两方面对提案发表看法，全文145词，符合120180词词数要求；首句引出话题，主体先阐述该提议的必要性，点明科研对学生能力的提升作用，再分析现实层面的可行性难题，包括学生科研能力不足、课业压力大、被迫完成易敷衍应付，最后给出折中建议，没有单一肯定或否定；行文使用however、besides、therefore衔接上下文，辩证看待议题，句式多样，紧扣necessity和practicality两大答题要点，贴合大学英语四级写作评分标准。[问答题]2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.YoushouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.在中国传统文化中，亲朋好友之间互赠礼物是人际交往的一种重要礼节（etiquette），赠送礼物不仅是物质的馈赠，更是情感的表达，是维系人际关系的重要纽带。一份精心挑选、符合接受者喜好的礼物，往往能加深彼此的感情。中国人遵循“礼尚往来”（mutuallyexchangingcourtesies）的传统，接受礼物时会表达谢意，并适时回赠礼物，以增进彼此的融洽关系。正确答案：IntraditionalChineseculture,exchanginggiftsamongrelativesandfriendsisanimportantetiquetteininterpersonalcommunication.Giftgivingisnotmerelyamaterialofferingbutanexpressionofemotion,servingasavitalbondformaintaininginterpersonalrelationships.Awellchosengiftthatsuitsthereceiver’spreferencescanoftendeepenmutualaffection.Followingthetraditionof“mutuallyexchangingcourtesies”,Chinesepeoplewillexpressgratitudeuponreceivinggiftsandgivegiftsinreturnatanappropriatetimetoenhanceharmoniousrelationswithoneanother.参考解析：本篇为中国文化主题四级翻译，准确处理长句拆分，“物质的馈赠”译为materialoffering避免中式直译，“维系人际关系的重要纽带”采用现在分词结构servingasavitalbond做伴随成分；“礼尚往来”使用题干给出参考译法mutuallyexchangingcourtesies；时态以一般现在时为主，运用notmerely…but…、that定语从句丰富句式；完整覆盖原文全部语义信息，逻辑通顺，词汇语法符合四级翻译评分标准。共享题干题SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Junk-foodloverswhotrytocutbackonfriesorchocolatemayexperiencesymptomssimilartodrugwithdrawal,anewstudysuggests.Researchersfoundthatpeopleattemptingtocutdownoneatinghighlyprocessedfoodsexperiencesomeofthesame(26)_____andpsychologicalsymptoms-suchasmoodswings,anxiety,headachesandpoorsleep-asthose(27)_____smokingcigarettesorusingdrugs,accordingtothestudy.Thenewstudy(28)_____thefirstevidencethatthesewithdrawal-likesymptomscanoccurwhenpeoplecutdownonhighlyprocessedfoods,saidleadstudyauthorEricaSchulte.Basedontheparticipants’self-reportedsymptoms,withdrawalsymptomswere(29)_____moreintensebetweenthesecondandfifthdaysafterattemptingtoreducejunk-foodconsumption,which(30)_____thetimespanpeoplelivethroughduringdrugwithdrawal.Theideathatfoodmaybeaddictiveafter“heavy”usebysomeindividualsisa(31)_____subject,Schultesaid.Althoughpriorstudiesinanimalsandhumanshaveshownsomebiologicalandbehavioralsimilaritiesbetweensubstance-usedisordersandaddictive-likeconsumptionofhighlyprocessedfoods,nostudieshavelookedatwhetherreducingjunkfoodcan(32)_____withdrawalsymptomsinpeople,shenoted.Raising(33)_____thatpeoplemayexperienceirritability(烦躁)orheadacheswhencuttingdownonjunkfoodcanhelpindividuals(34)_____copingstrategiesinadvance,Schultenoted.Thefindingsmayalso(35)_____lightonthebarrierspeoplefacewhenchangingeatinghabits-barriersthatmayplayaroleinpeopledroppingoutoftreatments,shesaid.[单选题]1.第26处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：I参考解析：空格由and连接，需和后面修饰symptoms的形容词psychological（心理的）形成平行并列结构，且后文举例的头痛、睡眠差都属于身体层面的症状，对应表意“身体的”的形容词physical，构成常用搭配“生理与心理症状”。答案I[单选题]2.第27处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：L参考解析：27空所在句是将戒加工食品的人的症状，与人群的症状做类比，空格需要表示的动名词，词库中L选项`quitting`（quit的动名词，意为）符合要求，`quitsmoking`是表的常用固定搭配。答案L[单选题]3.第28处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：F参考解析：第28空需填入谓语动词，主语为单数名词Thenewstudy，结合句意“这项新研究____了首个证据”，F选项offers（提供）既符合语法（三单形式匹配主语），也契合语义逻辑。答案F[单选题]4.第29处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：N参考解析：空处修饰形容词比较级`moreintense`，需用副词；词库中副词仅H（永久地）、N（显著地），结合语境“减少垃圾食品摄入后的第2-5天，戒断症状会____更强烈”，“永久地”语义不通，“显著地”契合逻辑。答案N[单选题]5.第30处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：G参考解析：30空需填定语从句的谓语动词，逻辑为：前文提到的“减垃圾食品后戒断症状高峰在第2-5天”的时间区间，和人类药物戒断的时间跨度相对应、吻合。选项中G.parallels作动词表“与…相似/对应”，完全契合语境。答案：G[单选题]6.第31处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：C参考解析：31空在不定冠词a和名词subject之间，需填形容词作定语修饰subject。结合语境，“部分人大量摄入食物可能成瘾”这一观点目前仍是存在争议的话题，选项里controversial（有争议的）完全匹配语义。答案C[单选题]7.第32处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：O参考解析：32空位于情态动词can后，需填动词原形；结合句意“此前没有研究关注减少垃圾食品是否会_____戒断症状”，选项中只有trigger（触发、引发）符合语义逻辑。答案O[单选题]8.第33处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：A参考解析：33空在动词raising后作宾语，需填名词。结合句意：，raiseawareness（提高认知/意识）是固定搭配，完全符合语境。答案A[单选题]9.第34处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：J参考解析：34空位于`helpsbdosth`固定结构中，需填动词原形；结合后文“提前（inadvance）”“应对策略（copingstrategies）”的搭配逻辑，“提前准备应对策略”语义通顺，对应选项J。答案J[单选题]10.第35处填______.A.awarenessB.cancelingC.controversialD.emptinessE.monstrousF.offersGparallelsHpermanentlyIphysicalJprepareKprospectsLquittingMshedNsignificantlyOtrigger正确答案：M参考解析：此处考查固定搭配shedlighton（意为“阐明、揭示”），情态动词may后需接动词原形，匹配选项要求。答案MSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.GivingabetterphoneinterviewA)Thesedays,phoneinterviewsareanunavoidablepartofthejobinterviewprocess,andforgoodreason:Theysavetimeandeffort.Butthatdoesn’tmeanthatphonecallsrequirezeroenergyonthepartofthecandidate.Manycompaniestreatphonescreeningastheofficialfirstroundofthehiringprocess.Thatmeanscandidatesareexpectedtogointothempreparedwithasmuchinformationaspossibleaboutthecompany,position,andtheirownskillsandstrengths.B)Abigmistakepeopleoftenmakeistalkingabouttheirpersonallives.Don’ttalkaboutyourpersonallifeunlessyou’redirectlyaskedaquestionaboutwhatyouliketodoinyouroff-hours.“Thepointofaphoneinterviewistofocusongettingtoknowacandidate’sprofessionalexperienceandgoals,”saysMckenzieRoark,campustalentspecialistatLithkoContracting.“Arecruiteristryingtoseeiftheyarethebestfitforarole,andlearningabouttheirpersonallifedoesn’thelp.Forexample,whenaskedwhereyouseeyourselfinfiveyears,wedon’twanttoknowthatyouhopetobemarriedorthatyouwanttobuyanewhouse.Thatisnice,butthatisn’trelativetoanythingprofessional.”C)Itmightbetemptingtocrosssomethingoffyourto-dolistwhileonaphoneinterview,butrecruitersandhiringmanagerscaneasilytellifyourattentioniselsewhere.Manyinterviewersareannoyedtoseepeoplewhodecidetomultitaskwhileonthephoneinterview.Therearecandidateswhowashdishes,goforwalks,ordogroceryshoppingduringtheinterview.Needlesstosay,thisdoesn’treflectwellonyourlevelofinterestinthepositionyou’reinterviewingfor.D)Thequestionregardingpayisalsobestavoided.Tobefrank,it’ssimplytooearlyintheprocessforyoutobetheonewhobringsupsalaryexpectations.“Chancesareifacandidateisparticipatinginaphoneinterview,thisisthefirsttimetheyhavetalkedwiththecompany,andthefirstcallisn’ttheappropriatetimetotalkabout‘what’sinitforyou’”saysJustinaStmad,theTalentAcquisitionManagerforShiftgig.“Trustme,ifyouareagreatcandidateandmakeittothenextstep,thehiringteamisgoingtobeverytransparentaboutwhat’sinitforyoulateron.”E)“Afterwrappingupaphoneinterview,itistypicalthattheinterviewerwillaskthecandidateiftheyhaveanyquestions.Ican’tstressthisenough:ALWAYSaskquestions,saysRoark.“Ifwehavehadagreatphoneinterviewandthenwewrapupandtheydon’thaveanyquestionsforme,itprettymuchruinsthewholeinterview.Ittellsmethatthecandidateisuninterestedintherole,whichinrealitymightnotbethecaseatall,”shenotes.Butsurely,ifyou’reinterestedinajob,youcanthinkofsomethingtoaskyourinterviewer.F)Itseemsbasic,butsurprisingly,alotofpeoplearelatetophoneinterviews.“AboutaquarterofthepeoplewithwhomIschedulephoneinterviewsaren’tontime,”saysSophieCikovsky,whohandlesU.S.recruitingforInfiniteGlobal.“Whilethisbothersmepersonally,it’salsoindicativeofsomeonewhoisn’tverydetail-oriented,sheexplains.“Inordertoidentifythisearlyinthehiringprocess,Istartedaskingallcandidatesafewyearsagotocallmeasopposedtocallingthematanagreed-upontime.Thatway,ifIhearfromthemat1:13p.m.or12:49p.m.insteadofourplanned1:00p.m.interviewtime,Ihaveanearlyindicatorthattheymightnotbeagreatfit.”G)“Makesureyoutestyourheadsetandconnectionbeforedialingin,”recommendsRoark.“Thereisnothingmorefrustratingforarecruiterwhohasastructuredinterviewguideinplacehavingtorepeatedlyaskthesamequestionoverandoverbecausetheycouldnotunderstandyouranswerduetodroppedsignals.”Test-callafriendbeforehand,orevencallyourselffromalandlineifnecessary;itwilltakelessthanaminute.H)Youmightbeeagertogetyourpointacrossortalkaboutyourexperience,butinterruptingtheinterviewerisawkwardandrude.“Interviewingcanbestressful,andsometimesthatstressmanifestsitselfinspeakingtoofast,speakingtooloud,talkingovertheinterviewer,orattemptingtoanswertheinterviewer’squestionbeforetheyhaveactuallyfinishedaskingthequestion,”saysChrisDardis,arecruitingexpert.“Don’tdothis.”There’sabigdifferencebetweenbeingassertive(自信的)andbeingaggressive,andinterviewerscanalwaysrecognizeit.I)It’stoughnottosaythingslike“um,”“uh,”and“like”ineverydayspeech,buttheseverbalhabitsbecomemuchmorepronouncedwhenspeakingonthephone,saysDardis.“Inface-to-faceinterviews,they’renotasnoticeable,becausethereareotherthingslikeyourhair,suit,orbodylanguagetodistractpeople.”Butinaphoneinterview,theonlythingyouhavetogooniswhatyousayandhowyousayit.“That’swhyit’ssoimportanttoeliminatethesewordsfromyourspeechwhendoingaphoneinterview.”J)Notknowinganythingaboutthecompanyorjobyou’reinterviewingforiswaymoreobviousthanyou’dthink.“Manypeoplethinkthattheydon’thavetoputasmucheffortintoresearchingtheroleorthecompany,”saysStevePritchard,anHRconsultant.Andifyouhaveyourlaptopinfrontofyouduringtheinterviewtodoafewquicksearches,theywon’tknowthedifference,right?Notexactly.“Seasonedinterviewerswillknowwhetheranintervieweeisresearchingwhileonthephone.Theinterviewercanoftenevenhearthetypingastheyaskthequestion,”headds.K)“Thekeytosuccessduringaphoneinterviewisclearandconciseanswers,”saysDardis.“People’sattentionspanstendtobeshorteroverthephone.Youdon’twantyourfutureemployertoloseinterestintheconversation.”Herecommendspracticinganswerstoquestionsyouknowwillbeaskedaheadoftimeinordertobeclearonwhatyou’regoingtosay.Thatway,youcanpreventtalkinginanaimlessmanner.[单选题]11.Intervieweesareadvisednottoaskquestionsaboutpayduringaphoneinterview.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：D参考解析：题干核心信息为“不建议在电话面试中询问薪资相关问题”，对应原文D段：该段明确指出初次开展的电话面试阶段时机尚早，主动提薪资诉求并不合适，与题干信息完全匹配。答案D[单选题]12.Experiencedinterviewerswillknowifanapplicantissearchingforinformationonlinewhiletalkingonthephone.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：J参考解析：题干核心信息“有经验的面试官能在通话过程中察觉求职者是否在线搜索信息”，和原文J段提到的“资深（即有经验的）面试官能判断面试者是否在通话时查资料，甚至能听见打字声”完全同义匹配，信息源自J段。答案J[单选题]13.Manyemployersregardthephoneinterviewasthefirststepoftheofficialrecruitingprocess.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：A参考解析：题干核心信息是“诸多雇主将电话面试视作正式招聘流程的第一步”，和原文A段提到的“Manycompaniestreatphonescreeningastheofficialfirstroundofthehiringprocess”表述完全对应匹配。答案：A[单选题]14.Applicantswhodon’taskquestionsattheendofaninterviewmostprobablyruintheirchanceofgettingtheposition.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：E参考解析：题干核心是“面试收尾时不提问的求职者很可能会毁掉拿职位的机会”，对应原文E段：该段明确提到面试官要求候选人在电话面试结束环节一定要提问，若候选人完全没有问题要问，会直接拉垮整场面试的印象，让面试官误以为其对岗位缺乏兴趣，和题干信息完全匹配。答案E[单选题]15.Theintervieweeshouldtesttheirphoneconnectionbeforetheycalltheinterviewer.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：G参考解析：题干核心要求为“受访者致电面试官前需测试手机连接”，对应原文G段开篇直接明确提示：拨号前要测试耳机状态与信号连接，和题干信息完全匹配。答案G[单选题]16.Itisannoyingtotheinterviewertofindtheapplicantdoingothertaskswhilebeinginterviewed.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：C参考解析：题干核心信息为“面试官会反感面试时分心做其他事务的申请人”，和原文C段的表述完全匹配：该段明确提到“很多面试官对电话面试时一心多用、边面试边做洗碗、遛弯、采购等其他事的求职者感到恼火”。答案C[单选题]17.Topassaphoneinterview,themostimportantthingistoanswerquestionsclearlyandconcisely.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：K参考解析：题干核心信息“通过电话面试最重要的是清晰简洁地回答问题”，和K段开篇点明的“电话面试成功的关键是给出清晰简洁的回答”完全匹配。答案K[单选题]18.Ifyoufailtocalltheinterviewerontime,theymightnotseeyouasasuitablecandidate.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：F参考解析：题干核心表意是“未准时致电面试官，对方可能会认为你不是合适的候选人”，完全匹配F段内容：该段提到招聘官会把应聘者没有在约定时间准点来电的行为，作为预判对方可能不适配岗位的早期信号。答案F[单选题]19.Applicantsshouldavoidtalkingabouttheirpersonallivesiftheinterviewerhasonlyaskedabouttheirprofessionalbackgroundandgoals.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：B参考解析：题干核心是“面试官围绕职业背景、目标提问时，应聘者应避免聊个人生活”，该内容与B段完全匹配：B段明确说明电话面试的核心是考察候选人的职业经历与求职目标，除非被直接问及休闲相关问题，否则主动谈个人生活是误区，这类内容对评估岗位适配性没有帮助。答案B[单选题]20.Itisimpoliteforanintervieweetointerrupttheinterviewerinthephoneconversation.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FGGHHIIJJKK正确答案：H参考解析：题干核心信息为“电话面试时打断面试官是不礼貌的”，可直接定位到对应段落：H段开篇就明确提到“interruptingtheinterviewerisawkwardandrude（打断面试官是尴尬且粗鲁的，等同于不礼貌）”，和题干信息完全匹配。答案HSectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C.andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Disgustisauniversalhumanemotion.Onetypeofdisgustiscalledphysicaldisgust,whichprotectsusfromeatingortouchingthingsthatcouldbedangerousforus,suchasrawmeatorinsects.Childrenexperiencephysicaldisgustfromaveryearlyage,butdonotachieveanunderstandingoftheconceptuntiltheyarearoundfouryearsold.Someresearchersmaintainthatthereisanothertypeofdisgust,calledmoraldisgust,thatprotectsusfromengaginginactivitiesthatcanbeperceivedasmorallywrong.Examplesofmoraldisgustarestealing,lyingorcheating.However,notallacademicsthinkthatmoraldisgustreallyexists.Somesaythatwhenwerefertodisgustinrelationtomoralissues,weareusingdisgustasametaphor(隐喻),andwhatwearefeelingisinrealityanger.Ifmoraldisgustappearsquitelateindevelopment,itmakessensetothinkthatthereisactuallyasocialcomponenttoit.Childrenlearnaboutemotionsinmanydifferentways.Ofspecialrelevanceareparents-childrenconversationsaboutemotions.Indeed,childrenwhoseparentstalkaboutemotionsoftenhaveabetteremotionalunderstandingthanchildrenwhoseparentsdonotdiscussemotionsoften.However,therearenostudiesthathaveexaminedhowparentsandchildrentalkaboutdisgust.Thisiswhatwesetuptoexamineinourstudy.Weasked68English-speakingmothersandtheirfour-,six-oreight-year-oldchildrentodiscusssomestoriesaboutmoralandphysicaldisgust.Ourpreliminaryfindingsshowmothersandchildrendotalkaboutdisgust,butmainlyaboutphysicaldisgustandnotsomuchaboutmoraldisgust.Whenweaskedmothersandchildrentodiscussmoralissues,suchaswhetheritisOKtoplaywithachildwhohasstolensomeoneelse’ssnack,theylinkedthistypeofmoralwrongdoingwiththeemotionofangerandnotdisgust.Doesthismeanthatmoraldisgustdoesnotexist?Someresearcherssuggestmoraldisgustexistsinadults.Ourfindingssuggestthatmoraldisgustiseitherunderstoodatalaterageorisonlyusedmetaphorically,ifatall,inchildrenasoldaseightyears.[单选题]21.Whatdoesthepassagetellusaboutphysicaldisgust?A.Itisanemotionascontrastedwiththoughts.B.Itisaconceptbeyondchildren’sunderstanding.C.Itisamechanismtokeepusfrombeingharmed.D.Itisanexperiencegainedfromanyformofdanger.正确答案：C参考解析：根据原文第一段对身体厌恶（physicaldisgust）的核心定义，它的作用是保护我们不吃、不触碰有危险的事物，本质是帮我们规避伤害的机制，和选项C表述完全匹配。其余选项均不符合原文：B错在孩子4岁左右就能理解这个概念；A、D在原文中没有对应依据。答案C[单选题]22.Howdosomeresearchersperceivemoraldisgust?A.Ittendstoappearinvariousformsofwrongdoing.B.Itisjustasannoyingtopeopleasphysicaldisgust.C.Itisatermusedbycommonfolktodescribeanger.D.Itstopspeoplefromdoinganythingmorallywrong.正确答案：D参考解析：定位原文第二段，部分认可道德厌恶存在的研究者明确提出，道德厌恶的作用是帮助我们规避参与被判定为道德错误的行为，和选项表述完全匹配。其余选项均不符合题干所问的研究者观点。答案D[单选题]23.Whydoesmoraldisgustappearquitelateinchildren’sdevelopment?A.Itneedstobelearntthroughsocialinteractions.B.Theyhavelittlecontroloveritslearningprocess.C.Itistoocomplexforthemtoacquire.D.Theirparentsseldomtalkaboutemotions.正确答案：A参考解析：原文明确指出：道德厌恶在儿童发育中出现得晚，说明它本身带有社会属性——儿童对情绪的理解很大程度是通过包括亲子交流在内的社会互动习得的，和A选项表述完全匹配。其余干扰项：B“儿童无法控制学习过程”无原文依据；C“道德厌恶过于复杂儿童没法掌握”文中未提及；D和原文逻辑不符，原文提到亲子情绪交流频率会影响孩子的情绪理解水平，并非“家长很少聊情绪”是道德厌恶出现晚的原因。答案A[单选题]24.Whatdidtheauthorandhiscolleagueswanttoexamineintheirexperiment?A.Whatparentstellchildrenagainstmoralwrongdoing.B.Whatparentsandchildrenlinkmoralwrongdoingto.C.Howmoraldisgustisseenbychildrenaged4,6and8.D.Howdisgustisdiscussedbetweenparentsandchildren.正确答案：D参考解析：定位原文第五段：现有研究存在的空白是从未考察过家长和孩子如何谈论厌恶感，这正是作者团队开展实验的核心研究目标，与选项D表述完全匹配。其余选项都是研究过程中观察到的具体内容，而非实验最初要探究的方向。答案D[单选题]25.Whatcanweinferaboutmoraldisgustfromtheauthorandhiscolleagues’findings?A.Itisanotionhardlycomprehensibletochildren.B.Itrarelyexistsinchildrenyoungerthaneight.C.Itisatermmostparentsusewhentalkingtochildren.D.Itexistsinadultswithastrongsenseofjustice.正确答案：A参考解析：定位作者团队的核心研究结论：哪怕是研究中年龄最大的8岁孩子，也很难真正理解“道德厌恶”的概念，顶多把它当隐喻使用，甚至根本不会用到这个概念。快速排除干扰项：C和原文“亲子交流中很少谈及道德厌恶、谈道德问题时关联的是愤怒而非厌恶”的表述完全相反；D是其他研究者的观点，并非作者团队的研究发现；B错误，作者并未论证道德厌恶本身在低龄儿童中是否“真实存在”，只是指出孩子难以真正理解这个概念。答案APassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Afterfindingoutdetailsaboutastranger,wemistakenlythinkthattheyalsoknowaboutus.Asaresult,weactmorehonestlyaroundthem,accordingtoarecentstudyinNature.Pastresearchhasfoundthatwetendtoassumesocialrelationshipsarereciprocal(相互的).Mostofthetime,thisassumptionisaccurate:someoneyouthinkofasafriendwillusuallyconsideryouafriendtoo.Butsometimesoursocialtiesaremoreone-sided:forexample,youmightlearnsomethingaboutastrangerwhodoesn’tknowyouatall.ResearchersAnujShahandMichaelLaForestwonderedwhetherourtendencytobelievethatsocialtiesarereciprocalcouldleadustomistakenlyfeelthatastrangerdoesactuallyknowus.Inaseriesoflab-basedstudies,thisisexactlywhattheresearchersfound.Whenweknowaboutstrangers,weerroneouslythinktheyalsoknowaboutus.Butthereallyinterestingfindingcamewhentheresearcherssteppedoutofthelab,toconductafieldexperiment.Theteamdevelopedleaflets(传单)containingfairlyordinaryinformationaboutlocalcommunitypoliceofficers,suchastheirfavouritefood,hobbies,orreasonsforjoiningthepoliceforce.Theythensentouttheseleafletstoeveryapartmentinanumberofhousingdevelopmentsindisadvantagedareas.Theofficersthemselvesalsodroppedoffcardstolocalresidentscontainingsimilarinformation.Twomonthslater,theresearcherssurveyedresidentsatthesehousingdevelopmentsaswellascontrolareasthatdidnotreceiveleafletsoroutreachcards.Residentswereaskedtoimaginethattheyhadcommittedacrimeandhowlikelyitwouldbethatlocalofficerswouldfindoutaboutit.Theyalsoratedhowwelltheofficersintheareaknewthem.Theteamfoundthatresidentsofthedevelopmentsthathadreceivedtheleafletsbel