内容简介：: 全国成人高考英语考试精讲辅导Unit One: 语音要求：熟悉字母，字母组合的读音，注意特殊的读音，名词复数-s 的不同的读音、动词词尾-ed 的不同读音。例如：1. A) century B) citizen C) percent D) ancient (D)2. A) honest B) handsome C) however D) harmful (A)3. A) hear B) heart C) fear D) clear (B)4. A) character B) technical C) machine D) chemical (C)5. A) dollars B) students C) vegetables D) witnesses (B)6. A) received B) ignored C) wondered D) impressed (D)Unit Two: 名词1 可数名词与不可数名词区分实例：1. The nurse added some sugars to the medicine to make it easy for the child to take.2. The sitting room would be much improved if you put a furniture in that corner.3. ”Have you heard the news about Tom ?” “No, what _?” (本句考代词 the news 不可数名词，用it ) A) was it B) were they C) are they D) is it (D)4. Jim was upset last night because he had to too many homeworks. (本句改为much homework)5. I am afraid that there isnt _ left for you two in my car. There are already five people in it. (当room 为“空间” 是不可数名词) A) many room B) any rooms C) any room D) many rooms (C) 注：time 时间（不可数）；倍数，次数（可数）；paper 纸（不可数）、论文、卷子（可数）2 名词做主语时的主谓一致实例：1.The number of the people applying for the job _ increasing. A) are B) is C) are being D) is being (B)2.A number of students have failed in the chemistry examination. 分数、百分数做主语由后面的名词来决定3.Two thirds of the area are covered by water. ( 改为 is covered )4.About 40% of marriages in the United States end in divorce. 非谓语动词和词句做主语用动词单形5.Reading English newspapers _ a good way of _ your English. A) isimprove B) areimproving C) isimproving D) areimprove (C)6.What we will do next is still under discussion. 表示时间、距离、价值的复数名词做主语用单形动词7.Three times seven is twenty-one.8.Ten days _ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesnt need any more. A) is B) has been C) was D) had been (A)9.Twenty miles _ a long way to cover. A) have been B) is C) are D) were (B)neither , either 引导的主语动词用单形 neither (either)nor (or) 和 not only but also引导的主语,根据后一个主语数来确定动词的形式10.Neither road out of town is good, but this one is better than the other.11.Neither they nor their father were able to wake up early to catch the morning train.(改为was)12.Not only you but also I _ mistaken. A) am B) had C) were D) have (A)13.Neither Tom nor Jack and I _ his students. A) are B) am C) is D) was (A)注解：主语neither nor 和 and 连用， and 连接两个主语动词用复型，而且表语 students是复数名词，故选A) 正确。本句不适合“就近原则”。主语后跟 (together) with; except/but; like; as well as 等，动词形式由主语来支配13. Tom, together with his family, _ to see us tonight. A) is coming B) are coming C) comes D) come (A)14. The teacher, as well as a number of his students, was asked to attend the party.Unit Three: 冠词 a + 辅音读音开头的词：a holiday; a universityan +元音读音开头的词：an umbrella ; an honest man the 用于特指的可数单、复数名词和不可数名词1. The film includes some recently discovered news-creels (新闻记录) of the Second World War.2. As we know, _ most dangerous enemies are those who pretend to be _ friends.A) / B) thethe C) the/ D) /the (C)( the most dangerous 为最高级用定冠词；friends 为泛指复数名词不用冠词)3. Can you play _ ?A) piano B) pianos C) a piano D) the piano (D) (固定搭配词组 play the piano)4. They left for work immediately after the breakfast. ( work 为抽象名词不用冠词；after the breakfast 改为 after breakfast 惯用法)5. Without any news from Tom for long time, his father flew 10,000 miles to see him. ( for long time 改为 for a long time )Unit Four: 代词人称代词 I 和 me 与其他人称代词连用放在最后1. Mary has just called and asked _ to have lunch with her tomorrow.A) you and I B) You and me C) I and you D) me and you (). Last Sunday _ had a picnic in Beihai Park. A) John, Mary and me B) John , I and Mary C) John, Mary and I D) I, John and Mary (C)区分名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词2. Lets clean their room first and _ later.A) our B) us C) we D) ours (= our room)3. My car is not so fashionable as _.A) hes B) he C) his ( = his car ) D) his 不定代词1. some , any, 及其复合词some 用于肯定句中；any 用于否定句和疑问句中1. Youre wasting good food. Youve hardly eaten _ of it.A) some B) part C) little D) any (D)2. She always buy _ my birthday.A) anything nice to B) something nice toC) anything nice for D) something nice for (D)3. “Are my books on the table?”“No, there arent something on it” ( 改为 isnt anything )4. “Has anyone seen my dictionary _ ?A) everywhere B) somewhere C) nowhere D) anywhere (D)5. I have get some new records. If you like, you can take _ of them for the weekend.A) none B) both C) any D) either (C) ( any 表示“任何一个（些）可用于肯定句中)2. many, much, (a) few, (a) littlemany, a few, few + 可数名词的复数much, a little, little + 不可数名词1. He felt bad because he had drunk too many the night before. ( 本句中drunk 含有酒的意义, wine 为不可数名词，many 改为 much )2. This book is very difficult, but _ people understand it.A) few B) a few C) little D) a little (A)3. Usually there is _ traffic in the streets on weekdays than on Sundays.A) little B) less C) few D) fewer (B) 3both, either, neither ( 两个范围内 )none ( 三个以上，绝对否定 )1. “ Which of these two ties will you take ?”“ Ill take _ to give me a change sometimes.”A) either B) both C) neither D) all (B)2. Young babies can use _ hand equally well.A) either B) each C) both D) every (A)3. I asked two people to help me start my car, but _ of them knew what to do.A) either B) none C) both D) neither (D)4. _ of them knew about the plan because it was secret.A) Some B) Any C) No one D) None (D)( no one 只指人，不能加 of; none 可指人或物，可加 of )4.other, the other, others, the others 用定冠词 the 特指；无 the 泛指作名词的形容词；others 和 the others 指前面的名词1. The World Trade Center is higher than _ I have ever seen during my visit.A) any building B) any other buildingC) all the buildings D) all of the buildings (B)2. Some people hope to be more successful while _ simple want to feel more comfortable.A) the other B) others C) the other D) another (B)3. It was terrible. One passenger was killed, and _ was badly hurt.A) the others B) rest C) the other D) the rest (C)4. Mary and John have returned, but the others in the class havent.注意： every other day ( month ) 每隔一天（月） 5.It 普通代词1. A chemist prepares his experiment carefully before trying to carry it out in his lab.2. “The phone is ringing.”“ Who could _ be ? It is already midnight.”A) he B) there C) this D) it (D) (会是谁呢？it 可指不知性别的人或婴儿) 6.It 做形式主语和形式宾语1. It is not easy to learn a language well.2. It doesnt matter what you do at this point.3. It is no use counting your chickens before they are hatched.( 不要把如意算盘打得太早了。V-ing 动名词做主语 )（句型：It is no good + V-ing; Its useless + V-ing; It is worthwhile + V-ing 等等）4. I dont think it possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.5. He made it plain (明显得) that he was annoyed with me. (他对我很生气是明显的)7。It 构成强调句句型：It is/was + 强调成分 that + 其他部分1. It was John and Kate that/who helped me the other day.2. It was me that (不能用whom) he blamed.3. It was between 1920 and 1930 _ television was invented in America.A) which B) that C) then D) when (B)4. It was not until he got a map that he started on his way.原句：He didnt start on his way until he got a map.(对until 的从句或介词短语强调原句必须是一个否定句)5. It was not until last month that the leaves turned yellow.原句：The leaves didnt turn yellow until the last month. Unit 数词 dozen, hundred , thousand, million 等前面由一个具体的数字用单数形式若无确定数字用复数形式of +可数名词复数形式1. The United States of America has a population of over than two hundred million.2. It is reported that _ people have entered for the competition.A) hundreds B) hundred C) hundreds of D) several hundreds (C)3. Mary is a _ girl.A) seven years old B) seven-years-oldC) seven-year-old D) seven-year old (C)4. We can go there on foot. It is only _ walk.A) twenty minute B) twenty-minutesC) twenty-minute D) twenty minutes of (C)5. The hero of the film is a professor in his _. A) thirties B) thirtieth C) thirty D) thirtys (A) ( 表示大致年龄或年代，用介词 in + 数词的复数形式 )5. This happened in the 1840s/1840s. (均可) 表示序号：用基数词或序数词方法1. I got to the theatre just before the end of _. A) the act two B) Act Two ( the second act ) C) act second D) the act second (B)3. The world population will pass six billion by the end of twenty-one century.(改为 the twentieth century ) 注解：1。表示钟点用基数词，2。表示日期用序数词， 3。分数构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1 时，当分母大于1时，分母要用复数形式。 two thirds (2/3) a half (1/2) a quarter (1/4) three quarters (3/4)4. About _ of the energy is absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth.A) nine-ten B) nine tenth C) nine-tenths D) nineth-ten (C)Unit: 形容词与副词弄清楚它们在句中的语法作用：形容词主要用作：定语、表语、补语副词主要用作：状语1.I dont trust him at all. His smiles always make me _. A) feeling sick B) be sick C) being sick D) sick (D)2.The car he bought in Japan looks similarly to the one he has been driving for several years. (改为 similar to 形容词短语作表语)比较级和比较等级1. Spanish people usually speak _ than English people.A) quicklier B) more quicklier C) more quickly D) more quicker (C)2. This room is bigger than any other one in the building.3. Her English is very good. She can speak English better than one else in her grade.4. “I think that red dress would suit me, wouldnt it ?”“ Yes, but I think blue is a _ color for you.”A) well B) good C) better D) best (C)( 比较级有时候句中不出现than, 上下文隐含比较 )5. walked faster and faster until I could no longer keep up with him. (比较级的逐步增长: more and more 连用)6. He became more and more interested in classical music.7. The more your brain is used, the more work it is able to do. (本句为同步增长：the + 比较级。，the + 比较。)8. The more he tried to please her, _ she seemed to appreciate it.A) less B) lesser C) the less D) the lesser (C)最高级：指三个以上比较，句中有一个比较范围状语 of , in, among 等短语，有时句中隐含。9. Of the colors, blue, red and orange, which do you like _ ?A) best B) better C) well D) much (A)10. Shanghai is the largest financial center in China.11. Mary runs _ among them.A) the fastest B) the most fast C) most fastly D) most fast (A)12. He swam across the river from where the river is deepest. (最高级作表语可不用定冠词)13. She was most eloquent at the speech contest. (她在演讲比赛中最为雄辩)原级比较：用于两事物比较结构：as + 原级形容词/副词 +as ; not so(as) + 原级形容词/副词 + as as + 原级形容词/副词 + as; as + 原级 as one can1. He is almost as tall as his father.2. The student doesnt work _ he used to do.A) so hard as B) so harder than C) as harder as D) as hard like (A)3. I pulled the handle _ I could.A) so hardly as B) as hardly asC) so hard as D) as hard as (D) 倍数/百分比在形容词/副词比较等级中的用法1. The new model costs twice _ last years (model).A) more than B) as much asC) as many as D) much than (B)2. The sports team of our province won twice as many gold medals as they did at the last National Games.3. Our college is three times as large as theirs.（比。大2倍）4. Our college is three times larger than theirs. (是。的4倍)5. The production of TV sets in the fourth quarter was 15 per cent higher than that of 1999.6. The car runs twenty percent faster than the motor.形容词/副词比较等级中的程度副词词组much; even; a bit; a little; far, by far 等1. Traveling in England, it will be much cheaper if you buy a return ticket on the train2. If you drink too much, your health will get even worse.3. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.4. He is no stronger than I.5. Your bike is far better than mine.6. This book is a little more difficult than that one.Unit: 介词介词与别的词搭配使用介词短语：介词名词/动名词/代词宾格短语介词：介词名词介词 ( by means of )副词介词 ( out of )1. I am looking forward _ Mike next week.A) to see B) to seeing C) seeing D) see (B)2. I objected _ the meeting without him.A) to have B) to having C) having D) have (B)3. A man is known by the company he keeps. (物以类聚，人以群分)4. Its _ to ask him to do it.A) out of question B) out of the question C) out question D) out the question (B) (要请他做此事是不可能的)A) 无疑 C)/D) 无此结构区别：besides (加进总数中，“还有”)except/but (从总数中扣除，“除。；例外)1. Mary answered all the questions _ the last one.A) unless B) except C) besides D) beside （B）( allexcept 搭配)2. I have finished typing all but the last page. ( 除了最后一页，其他多打印了 )3. We can obtain knowledge from other sources besides books.4. Besides fun (乐趣) and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.5. Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. (参照类不同用 except for)6. The road was empty except for a few cars.Unit: 动词时/体（简单时态略讲）现在进行/过去进行体结构：am/are/is + V-ing was/were + V-ing1. Be quiet, everybody, The students of Class Two are having a listening test.2. We were taking a walk when it started to rain.3. “What happened to Tony ?”“He stepped on a nail while he was running in the yard.一般将来时（常有明确的未来时间状语）结构：will + V1. “Will there be a football match tomorrow afternoon?”“That will depend on the weather.”2. Although he promised to change, Im still wondering when he will be able to put his heart into his studies. (本句中wonder表示宾语从句中行为是将来)3. Some birds will fly away to the south when the winter comes.4. I am to finish writing this book next month.5. Do you think its going to rain.注解：表示将来动作还有：用一般时态；进行时态；be going to V; be + to V及 be about + to V 等结构。（例如 4。5。）过去将来（常出现在宾语从句中）结构：would + V1. I had a discussion with Mr. White and hoped he would give us an early reply.2. He said he would come to visit us this evening. 3. I never imagined that he would become a dancer.4. I was told that the meeting was to be held the next day.5. He asked if the shop was going to close the next week.6. Whenever I had trouble, my friend would come to help me. 样题： I had a discussion with Mr. Baker and hoped he _ us an early reply. A) would give B) give C) gave D) had given (A)现在完成时结构：have/has + V-ed2常用时间短语：lately(recently); just; already; ever; before; never; up to now; in the last/recent few years (months, weeks); this morning (month, week); these days; for + 时间量（two days）; since + 时间点（1999）1. “Did you go to Hong Kong last year ?”“No, Ive never been there.” （从未去过）2. He has gone for two weeks. = He has gone and will be away for two days.(本句意义：他走了，将离开两天。表示：人不在原地。)3. Where have you been lately? I have not seen you for quite some time.4. We used to go skating in Michigan every winter, but I havent gone for the past five seasons.5. My father has worked here for twenty years/since 1980. (本句有两种可能：动作已完成或未完成)。样题： Sorry, Im little bit late. Oh, I _ here just a few minutes. A) have been B) had been C) am D) will be (A) 下列句子结构中用现在完成时1. It is the first/second time that .2. This/It is the best /worst/most interesting + 名词 that .实例：1. This is the first time that I have heard her sing.2. It is the second time that you have been late for school.3. This is the best film that I have ever seen. 瞬间动词用法( begin, arrive, come, go, leave, join, become, get up, die, end, lose, knock, fall, jump 等）它们都不能用于动作延续，不能与for, since 引出的状语连用。若要表示“完成动作”，英语中要换成状态动词 be 的形式，表示“在。（之中）”1. Mr. Smith _ here for two weeks.A) has already come B) has arrivedC) has already been D) is already being (C)2. She has been away for a month. ( 不能用 has left )3. The film has been on for half an hour. ( 不能用 has begun )4. They have been in the army since last July. ( join 换成 be in “呆。多久了“)5. My parents have been to England. (gone 换成 been )注意下列句子：1. The old woman has gone through a lot. (这老太太吃过许多苦)2. They have begun to study a new lesson since yesterday. (本句重点：to study, 而不是have begun.)3. He has left us great poems. ( leave 的词义“留下“ ) 现在完成进行（强调完成的持续性）结构：have/has + been + V-ing1. “Who has been planning the dance?”“Everyone in the club has.”2. My mother has been writing an article all the morning, but hasnt finished it yet.3. My father has been working in the factory for ten years/since 1990. 过去完成时(表示：过去的过去. 它是一个相对时态，以过去时的动作为参照物) 结构： had + V-ed21. Before he left, he had corrected all the mistakes I his translation.2. By the end of last year we had trained 2000 teachers of English all over the province.3. By the time we got to the cinema, the film _ for half an hour.A) has begun B) had begun C) has been on D) had been on (D)时态综合题：1. He had already gone home. But before he left, he _ all the mistakes in his translation.A) had corrected B) has corrected C) corrected D) would correct (A) 2. I will go there unless it _ tomorrow.A) rains B) will rain C) raining D) doesnt rain (A)3. The teacher said that the sun _ in the east.A) rose B) raises C) rises D) is rising (C)4. Helen _ her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home.A) had left/comes B) left/had come C) had left/came D) had left/would come (C)5. Everybody in our country, men and women, old and young, _ sports and games.A) are fond of B) enjoys C) go in for D) takes part in (A)6. After driving for thirty miles, she suddenly realized that she _ in the wrong direction.A) was driving B) has been drivenC) had been driving D) drive (A)7.He will learn for Paris before you _ next week.A) will come back B) will be backC) come back D) came back8.She wrote to me that she would come to see me when she _ the job.A) would finish B) has finished C) would have finished D) had finished (C)9.She _ supper when she _ someone knocking at the door. A) made/heard B) was making/was hearing C) made/was heard D) was making/heard (D)10.He _ with us since he returned. A) had lived B) has lived D) lives D) lived (B)11. It _ a long time before we see each other again. A) will be B) is C) has been D) would have been (A)12. Peter said that he _ home the next day. A) was going to B) will go C) would go D) had gone (C)13.Great changes _ in Beijing in the past ten years.A) have been taken place B) have taken placeC) took place D) were taken place (B)英语被动态基本结构：be 的形式 + V-ed2 用法：英语中大量应用被动态，而汉语中不太使用。当句子主语为谓语动词的逻辑宾语时，谓语动词用被动形式，通常称为“反宾为主“。由于这种句子含有客观性，特别在科技英语中用得相当普遍。1. More than two hundred fruit trees were planted along the river last year.2. Last week a rare stamp was sold at a price of $6,000.3. Her feeling was seriously hurt by her husband.若换成主动态，主观性交强，人性化较强：1. We planted more than two hundred fruit trees along the .2. Last week, he sold a rare stamp at a price of $6,000.3. Her husband seriously hurt her feeling.具体时态的被动态谓语形式一般现在：am/are/is + V-ed2一般过去：was/were + V-ed2进行时：am/are/is/was/were + V-ed2将来时：will/would + V-ed2完成时：have/has/had + V-ed2完成进行：have/has/had + been + V-ed2情态动词：can/could + be + V-ed2示例：1. You dont have to pay for your flights; they are included in the price of your holiday.2. It is said in the newspaper that the Japanese Minister will arrived here next Monday.3. It remains a question when the new classroom building will be completed.4. A lot of buildings have been built since we moved here.5. All that can be done has been done.某些状态动词及拥有动词没有被动态结构have, hold, fit, cost, own, suit, shut, open, take part in 等1. The house is owned by the old man. (错)The old man owns the house. (正)2. The door will not be shut. (错)The door wont shut. (正) 某些动词主动形式含有被动意义 feel; small; stand; look; taste; prove 等实例：1. The flower smalls sweet.2. The cloth feels soft.3. She looks happy.使役/感观动词被动态形式： be made/heard/seen + to + V1. I saw him enter the room.2. The teacher made the pupils repeat his words many times.3. He taught nobody was around, but he was in fact seen to steal into the office building.4. People who wont work should be made to work.5. My teacher was made to give up his teaching because of poor health.被动态样题：1. The work _ in four days.A) will finish B) finishes C) will be finished D) is finishing (C)2. Do you know when the Chinese Communist Party _?A) founded B) was founded C) has been founded D) found (B)3. The cake _ very nice.A) looks B) is looked C) look D) is looking (A)4. The bridge _ at the moment, so we had to take another way.A) had been repaired B) was repairedC) would have been repaired D) was being repaired (D)5. The boy _ to sing in the next door.A) is often heard B) heard C) hears D) is hearing (A)情态动词cant. 字面意义“不能够”，常考另外的意义“不可能”1. “Listen, Mary is singing in the next room.”“That _ be Mary. She s in hospital.”A) may not B) shouldnt C) wouldnt D) cant (D) 前信息2. She earns a good salary, so she _ be deep in debt.A) cant B) must C) neednt D) shouldnt (A) 后信息3. He cant be her father; he is too young.注解：can 与 be able to 区别：can 表示总的能力， be able to表示特点情况下，做某事的能力：例如：1. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone was able to get out. 2. He can swim, but he isnt able to swim across the river.Must 开始的问句，肯定回答用 must, 否定回答用neednt(不必)。例如： Must I go now ? 我必须现在就走吗？ Yes, you must. 对，必须现在就走。 No, you neednt. 不，不必现在就走。表示推测must 用于肯定，而cant 用于否定。例如：1. There must be a mistake. 准是出错了。2. There cant be a mistake. 不可能出错。3. There may not be a mistake. 可能不是错。 must 与 have to 的区别must 指主观“必须”，而 have to 指客观“必须”。例如：1. I must get up early tomorrow morning. I have a lot of work to do.2. I have to go now or Ill miss the first train. Neednt (不必) 与 mustnt（千万不可以）例如：1. You mustnt park your car here.你不可以（不准你）把车停在这儿。2. Your car runs well. You neednt buy a new car.你的车还好，不必买新的。dare 表示“敢，敢于”，过去式为 dared, 常用于疑问句或否定句中1. How dare you say such things? (你怎么敢说这种话？)2. I dared not walk in the darkness when I was a child.(小时候我不敢走夜路。) dare 可作实意动词，后加带 to 的动词不定式1. She didnt dare to disobey. (她不敢违抗。)2. He didnt dare to ask you because he thought he must be wrong.(他不敢问你因为他认为他准是错的。)3. I dare to go out at night alone. (夜里，我一个人敢出去。)Had better (最好)would rather (宁愿) + to +（not）V1 You had better_ where you are .A) remaining B) to remain C) remain D) remained (C)2. You had better not ask the teacher about this.4. I would rather _ with you.A) not to go B) to not go C) to go D) not go (D) Need 的用法 Need + O （实意动词） Need + V （情态动词）1 They will get well soon。 You _ worry.A) cant B) couldnt C) mustnt （千万不能） D) neednt (不必) （D）2 Travel from England to Scotland you _ a passport.A) mustnt have B) havent got C) dont need D) neednt (C) Need + V-ing = need to be V-ed ( require; want )1. Some of the difficult questions do not need to answer. (改为 answering )2. The garden requires _ .A) watering B) being watered C) to water D) having watered (A)3. The situation wants controlling / to be controlled now. 情态动词考试重点情态动词 + have + V-ed2 could/may/might/should/ought to/must + have V-ed2 （表示对过去发生的事的推测）1. The streets are all wet. It must have rained during the night. (推测)2.They may/might not have caught the first bus.（可能性）3 You ought to/should have come yesterday if you were really serious about the job.(“本该” 含有责备的口吻)4 They started off at about 5 oclock in the morning. They should have arrived there by now.5 You shouldnt have told my mother about this news. (本不该)6 “You realize that you were driving at 100 miles per hour, dont you?“No, Officer, I _ have been. This car cant do more than 70.”A) neednt B) shouldnt C) couldnt D) might mot (C) 两组助动词的区别used to V 和 be/get used to + 名词或动名词1. She didnt use to eat so many sweet things. (used to V 的否定式)2. I _ to be quite afraid to live in that city, but now I have _ to the life there.A) was used got used B) used usedC) got used been used D) used .got used (D)3. Mr. Brown often wore a heavy coat because he was not used to live in such a cold climate. (应改成 living )情态动词测试：1. Shall we go to school now ?No, you _.A) mustnt B) wouldnt C) neednt D) shouldnt (C)2. Lu Mei _ come with us tonight, but she isnt very sure yet.A) must B) can C) may D) will (C)3. It is nearly seven oclock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A) must B) need C) should D) can (C)4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, You _ hurt yourself.A) wont/can B) mustnt/may C) shouldnt/must D)cant/shouldnt (B)5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly, but everyone _ get out.A) had to B) would C) could D) was able to (D)6. ”When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.”“They _ be ready by 12:00.A) can B) should C) might D) need (B)7. The phone is ringing, but there is no answer. My friend _ be at home.A) mustnt B) cant C) neednt D) may8. Hello, May I speak to Tom ?Im sorry, You _ have the wrong number. There is no one here by that time.A) must B) could C) can D) might (A)9. The little boy _ sing before so many guests, _ he ?A) dare not/does B) doesnt dare to / dareC) dare not / dare D) dares not / dare (D)10. He dares to say what he thinks_ you _ it again ?A) Do/dare to touching B) Dare / to touchC) Do / dare touching D) Dare / touch (D)11. Youd better not go inside the cave. There _ be snakes.A) will B) might C) can D) should (B)12.You _ him a hand. Why did you look on ?A) could offer B) might offer C) could have offered D) can have offered (C)13. The ground was very wet. It _ during the night. A) must have rained B) must rain C) rained D) should rain (A)14.You _ the flowers, for it is going to rain. A) shouldnt water B) need not have watered C) mustnt have watered D) ought to not have watered (B)15. Its very cold this morning. You had better _ on my coat.A) putting B) to put C) put D) be put (C)16. He would rather _ than _ the secret.A) die / telling B) die / to tellC) dead / tell D) die / tell (D) 非谓语动词（考试重点）1 不定式：to V2 动名词：V-ing/having + V-ed23 分词：V-ing/V-ed2( 注意它们的否定式，not 放在前面（ not to do, not doing ）.熟悉它们时态和语态形式和应用。)1. Mother told Mary _ late for school.A) not to B) not be C) not to be D) did not be (C)2. Mrs. Black warned her son _ after drinking.A) never to drive B) never driveC) to never drive D) never driving (A) 不定式的语法功能1. It took me a whole week to finish reading the novel. （主语）2. We promised to take the children to the West Lake. （宾语）3. We regard it our duty to help those who are too poor to go to school. （宾语）4. His job is to deliver newpapers. （表语）5. I have a lot of work to do. （定语）6. Reaching the top of the hill, they stopped having a rest. （改为 to have, 目的状语）7. He asked me if the room was big enough for us three to live in. （程度状语）8. Would you like me to turn down the radio a bit? （宾语补足语）9. He opened the door for me to come in. ( 状语)10. I saw the child run into the office this morning. （宾语补语）11. The child was seen to run into the office this morning. （主语补语）使役/感官动词宾语动词不定式做宾语补语 let ,make, have, see (notice, look at, observe, watch ), hear (listen to) + O + V 结构：1. In order to get to Peters house easily, I had his secretary _ a map for me.A) to draw B) draw C) drawn D) drawing (B)2. Mrs. Wang made me _ the work again.A) do B) to do C) doing D) did (A)3. They asked him to let John to go there. （改为 go there ）4. When his name was mentioned, I saw him rise from his seat. 不定式的逻辑主语和其复合结构1 一般在句子中可以找到2 复合结构有两种：for + 名词/代词宾格 + to V；of + 名词/代词宾格 + to V1. It took me two days to read the book.2. Reaching the top of the hill, we stopped to have a rest.3. It was difficult for him to buy good shoes because he had such a big pair of feet.4. The box is too heavy for the boy to carry.5. Its very kind of you to invite me to your birthday party.注意：在某些表示品质或性格形容词，不定式逻辑主语用 of 引出，常见的形容词有 wise, kind, good, nice, honest, generous, clever, selfish, stupid, silly 等。句型：It is + 形容词 + of + 名词/代词 + to V6. It was very thoughtful of her to come to see me when I was ill.7. It was stupid of him to make that silly remark. ( 若改成He was stupid to make that silly remark. 无感情色彩。8. It was generous of her to lend me so much money. (可改为：She was generous to lend me so much money.)9. It is easy for me to see through his trick. (本句中 easy 表示事物性质形容词，用for ) 不定式的时体和被动态1. He pretended to be sleeping when mother came in.2. We expect more books and magazines to be published for children.3. I am sorry to have kept you waiting so lang.4. The book is said to have been translated into several languages 动名词动名词的语法功用名词的作用1. Seeing is believing. ( 主语，表语)2. It is no good waiting here. Lets go home. ( 主语)3. There is a swimming pool nearby. (定语)4. We are looking forward to taking a trip to your country. (介词宾语)5. He had no difficulty/trouble (in) working out the problem. (介词宾语，常省略 in )6. The manager persists in working ten hours a day in his office. (介词宾语) 7. Your duty is taking good care of the patient. (表语)8. Her habit, studying at night, remains unchanged (同谓语)考试重点：支配动名词做宾语的动词finish, enjoy, mind, avoid, consider, keep, practice, suggest, stand(忍受)， give up, insist on, cant help 等。1. As the price of the computer keeps falling, more and more families can afford it.2. The Smiths are considering moving to the south.3. Please come downstairs for breakfast after you have finished washing.4. Would you mind making a little less noise ?5. When I read the novel I cant help thinking of my wife. 可接动名词或不定式的动词，但意义不同 remember, forget, stop, go on, regret1. remember + to V (记住要做的事)+ V-ing (记得已做的事)2 forget + to V (忘记要做的事) + V-ing (忘记已做过的事)3 egret + to V (对要做的事表示歉意) + V-ing (对已做过的事表示后悔)4 Try + to V (努力去做某事)+ V-ing (试着去做某事)5 stop + to V (停下来去做某事) + V-ing (停止正在做的事)6 go on + to V (接着做别的事) + V-ing (继续做同一件事)7 Ill never forget meeting you for the first time.我永不会忘记第一次遇到你的情景。2. I am afraid that he will forget _ the letter. A) mail B) mailing C) mailed D) to mail (D)3. I forget seeing the film before.4. I remember meeting the man somewhere before.5. Please remember to mail the letter. （记住寄这封信）6. Reaching the top of the hill, we stopped to have a rest.7. Please stop arguing. Lets listen to the radio!8. You ought not to go on living that way.9. Having got her degree, she went on to have children. (她拿了学位之后，就去生孩子了)10. I always regret not having studied harder when I was young.11. I regret to say that Im not able to help you. （真遗憾，恐怕不能帮助你。）动名词复合结构和完成式名词所有格名词通格物主代词 V-ing ( having V-ed2/being + V-ed2) 人称代词宾格1. He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone noticing.2. I remember him offering to help us when we got into trouble.3. I know nothing about her having worked in the army.4. I remember these machine parts having been tested before.5. I insisted on you/your/John/Johns paying the bill.6. I objected to his making private calls on the office phone.7. Hillarys reaching the top of Everest was a milestone in the history of mountaineering.( 本句不能用 Hillary , 动名词复合结构做主语，名词要用属格形式。)动名词的被动态形式7. I remember being paid for the job, but I have forgotten the exact amount.8 The child avoided being punished by running away quickly.9 She was angry for not having been given the chance to go abroad.10. The boy came in without being seen.11. He doesnt like being flattered.12. I heard of his having been chosen to be the coach of the football team.现在分词和过去分词的区别现在分词有：主动和被动： V-ing; being + V-ed2; having + been + V-ed2过去分词有：被动和完成意义：V-ed21. China is a developing country while the U.S. is a developed country.2. Many things considered impossible in the past are quite common things.3. All those wishing to go to the football match please raise your hands.4. The program was so _ that they were too _ to fall asleep.A) excitingexcited B) excitedexcitingC) excitingexciting D) excitedexcited (A)相同的情感动词有：interestinginterested; surprisingsurprisedboringbored; satisfyingsatisfied 等。5. They are satisfied with their job.6. The soldier was found lying in the ditch.7. The nurse found that patient gone.8. I never heard him spoken ill of. (我从未听到过别人说他的坏话。) 比较：I never heard him speak ill of others. (我从未听到过他说别人的坏话。)9. The hunters had the fire burning all the night in the woods.10. My wife is planning to have the furniture pained light gray.总结: have + O +宾语补语（ V; V-ed2; V-ing ）1. have + O(人、物) + V (使某人某物做某事)2. have + O(人、物) + V-ed2 (使某人某物被他人做)3. have + O(人、物) + V-ing (使某人某物正在做某事)实例：a) He had everyone fill out a form.b) If you dont get out of my house, I will have you arrested.c) I had my secretary typing out the paper.d) She had us laughing all through the meal.e) He is going to have the bad tooth pulled out. 分词做状语 ( 时间；原因；条件，结果；补充说明)1. Not knowing what the situation would be like, they decided to keep silent.(原因)2. Painted white, the kitchen looks much better than before.(被动)3. After seeing the movie, _.A) the book was read by himB) the book made him want to read itC) he wanted to read the bookD) the reading of the book interested him (C)4. Having only book knowledge, you will not be able to work well.5. He fell out of his bike, hurting his right leg.6. She sat by the window, reading the letter from her boy friend. 分词独立主格名词通格结构：分词（V-ing; V-ed2 形式）人称代词主格当分词的逻辑主语不是句子主语，就要用次结构。1. The recorder being out of order, the students did not know what to do.2. Time permitting, we will discuss the question at the meeting. 3. They marched down the street, their red flags flying.4. The summer vacation having come, the students went home.5. He returned three days later, his face (being) covered with mud and his clothes (being) torn into pieces.6. Without a word more spoken, she left the room. ( 分词独立结构可由 with/without 引出)7. With the first point agreed on, they turned their negotiation to another.8_, the book has got full orders and a long waiting list. A) No publishing B) Not even having been published C) Not even publishing D) Not being published (B)9._, the old one is going to be sold.A) Having bought a new house by Mr. BlackB) Mr. Black having bought a new houseC) Bought a new house with MR. Blacks memoryD) Buying a new house with Mr. Blacks memory (B)分词的进行式，完成式和被动态1. The building being repaired ( repaired, to be repaired) is our library. （注意括号内的意义区别）2. Having packed their luggage, the tourists hurried to the airport.3. Having been scolded for several times, Bill made up his mind not to watch late night movies any more.Unit: 虚拟语气 If 条件句中的虚拟语气从句主句现在假设 V-ed(1)（were） would/could + V过去假设 had + V-ed2 would/could + have + V-ed2未来假设 should(were to) + V would/could + V1. If he were here, everything would be all right.( = 倒装 Were he here, .)2. If we knew French, we would/could read the original .3. If you had told me a bit earlier, I wouldnt have missed the chance.(= 倒装 Had you told)4. If I were to see him, I would speak to him about it.5. Had you started earlier, you would have caught the train.6. Without air (=If there were no air), we could not live.7. With your assistance (=If I had your assistance), I would success.8. But for your cooperation(=If it hadnt been for your cooperation),the meeting wouldnt have been held.9. If the criminal were honest, he would have made a clean breast of the whole thing long ago ( 本句为错综时间条件句 )Wish 后的宾语从句的动词形式 Wish 表示“愿望”，宾语从句和 If only 表示虚拟感叹句要用虚拟语气表示现在： V-ed (1) 表示过去： had + V-ed(2) 表示将来： would + V1.I wish (that) I were as strong as you.(= If only I were as strong as you )2. Mary wishes that she had studied law instead of history when she was in college.3. I wish I had not been busy yesterday; I could have helped you with the problem.4. I wished I had studied English in college.(= If only I had studied English in college.)5. I wish I didnt make mistakes every day.6. If only she had known where to find you.7. If only I _ several foreign languages ! A) can speak B) have spoken C) could speak D) to speak (C)8.Time for the task is a bit short. If only we _ another weeks time. A) are given B) were given C) would be given D) give (C) It is (high/about) time (that) + 主语 + V-ed(1)1.Its high time something was done about the traffic problem.2.”Its getting late.” “Yes, its time we left.”3.Its time that some European countries _ to a halt to air pollution. A) will come B) had come C) come D) came (D) 某些动词后的宾语从句的虚拟语气suggest; recommend; propose; order; insist 等及与这些动词有关的从句中谓语形式结构： (should) + V1. His doctor suggested that he _ his hand. A) avoid to use B) avoid using C) has avoided using C) avoids to use (B)2. Its suggested shi (should) wait a while before we make a decision.3. The doctor insists that my father give up smoking.4. He ordered that their papers be destroyed.5. The company recommended that a new railway station be built here.8. Something about his manner suggested (使人想到) that he was not interested in what we were doing.( suggest 含有别的意义用直陈语气 )Unit: 连词并列连词 and; but; so; for; yet; or1.She hardly ever goes to the cinema or the theatre.（也不）2.Try your best and you will certainly succeed this time.（进一层）3.She remained silent, for her heart was heavy and her spirit law.（原因）4.He talked at the top of his voice, yet he drew nobodys attention。（转折“然而”）5.Watch your step, or you might fall into the water. （转折“否则”）6.”Can I help you ?” “Well, Im afraid the box is too heavy for you, but thank you all the same.”（转折“但”）7.I dont know her address, so I cant write to her.（进一层“因此” ）Unit: 句法分类（主要讲下列几种）感叹句由what 引导， what 落在名词上由how 引导， how 落在形容词或副词上a) What an exciting city Shanghai is !b) What lovely weather we have been having these days !c) How silly they are !d) How well she dances ! 反疑问句两部分组成：陈述句简略疑问句1 肯定陈述句否定简略疑问句2 否定陈述句肯定简略疑问句1. Bill studies in a state university, doesnt he?2. Todays weather isnt as cold as it was yesterday, is it ?3. You never told us why you were late for the party, did you(前句中含有否定意义词，never; hardly; little；nothing 等, 都看成否定)4. Jane wasnt in when Jack came, was she?A) No, she was. B) No, she wasnt.C) Yes, she was. D) Yes, she wasnt. (B)(反疑问句回答时， yes, no, 与后面的句子相一致，yes 后用肯定句，而no 后面用否定句)5. Lets go fishing, shall we ? ( Lets + V 开头句子，一律用 shall we ?)6. Let us go home, will you ? ( Let us + V 开头句子，一律用 will you ?)7. Fetch me some water, will you ? 或 wont you ?( 肯定祈使句后的简略疑问句，可用肯定，也可用否定，意义有些不同前句：给我打些水来，好吗？后句：是不是该给我打些水来了？）8. Dont smoke here, please, will you ? ( 否定祈使句后，只能用 will you ?) 从句结构：引导词（S） V （O）（A）引导词：wh-words ( who ,whom ,whose ,what, which, when ,where, why); how, that; if 等分类：名词性从句；定语从句；状语从句主语从句：1. _ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.A) That B) Which C) Who D) What (D)2. It isnt quite certain that he will be present at the meeting.3. Where the king was buried is still unknown.4. _ she will be given this job is still under discussionA) Although B) Whether C) If D) What (B)宾语从句：1. Ask her if/whether she can do it.2. I dont think that they will put off the trip.3. He found at last _ he had been looking for.A) that B) what C) where D) which (B)4. They want to know _ do to help us.A) what can they B) what they canC) how they can D) how can they (B)时间，条件从句：1. It will not be long before we _ again.A) meet B) shall meet C) would meet D) will be met (A)(在时间，条件句中，即使表示将来行为，只能用一般时态)2. Ill get my bike repaired if I have time this afternoon.3. Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place. (将来时体现在主句中)常考句型：no soonerthan; hardly (scarcely)when(before)4. He had hardly gone to bed when the door bell rang.(注意时态配合)5. Hardly had he gone to bed when the door bell rang. (注意倒装)6. No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him.结果状语从句：句型：1。such + (a) + 形容词 + 名词 + that 从句2. so + 形容词 + (a) + 名词 + that 从句3。so + 形容词、副词 + that 从句1. He is such a clever young man that he can speak about ten foreign languages.2. He spoke so quickly that I didnt catch what he said.3. He made so inspiring a speech that everyone got excited.4. He earned so little money that he could hardly support his family.注意倒装句：（重点）5. So fast did he walk that none of us was his equal.He walked so fast that none of us was his equal. ( 正常 )6. To such length did he speak that everyone got bored.He spoke to such length that everyone got bored. （正常）7. So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it.让步从句：由下列词引导：1.though; although; even if/though;3. whoever; whomever; whatever; whichever; whenever; wherever; however = no matter who/whom/what/which/when/where; no matter how + 形容词、副词。1. However hard/No matter how hard he tried, he could not lift the box.2. Wherever/No matter where he goes, he is ready to help others.3. Whatever nonsense the paper prints, some people would believe it.4. Even if (Even though, Although) you dont like wine, just try a glass of this.5. If he is poor, he is very honest.6. Whoever/No matter who you are, you must obey the regulations.7. Whether it rains or not, We will go out for an outing tomorrow.8. He is experienced while he is young.定语从句：英语中最难的句法，而考试的重点。请重视下列几点：1 引导词的意义是其先行词2 先行词指人时，引导词有：that 做主语、宾语who 做主语（= that ）whom 做宾语（that ）whose 做定语3 先行词指物时，引导词有：that 做主语、宾语which 做主语、宾语（that ）4 行词指时间、地点名词有：when 时间，做状语where 地点，做状语why 原因，做状语5 Whom, that, which 做宾语时，前面没有介词，可省略修饰人的定语从句：1. Catherine is one of the brightest students that have graduated from the college.2. I dont remember the student (whom/that ) I lent my dictionary to.Or to whom I lent my dictionary. ( to that 不能用)3. I wonder if you know anybody whose parents work at the airport.修饰物的定语从句：1. Have you ever been to the square that/which was built last year.2. He often tells stories (that/which) people laugh at.( Or, at which people laugh.)3. I dont know the room (that/which) our teacher lives in. Or in which our teacher lives. Or the room our teacher lives in. or where our teacher lives.关系词在定语从句中做状语：1. The photo reminds me of the village where/in which we spent our childhood.2. I remember the year when/in which I first came to the beautiful city.3. I dont think that was the reason why the football team lost the game.关系词 that 的用法：1 先行词为不定代词时：everyone, anybody, nothing, all 等。2 形容词最高级及形容词 very, only 时3 that 只限于做主语和宾语 1. This is the only English-Chinese dictionary that could be found in the teachers reading room.2. This is the very factory (that) we visited for the first time in 1989.3. At first the old man seemed unwilling to accept anything that was offered him by my friend and me.4. No sample that We have received is satisfactory.5. All that glitters is not gold.6. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.7. Do you still remember the day that (when) he arrived? ( 本句中 that 为关系副词)非限制性定语从句：1 主句中附加成分，可有可无。2 与主句用逗号隔开。3 专用名词及某些名词（象 my father ），只能用非限制性定语从句；that 不能用于非限制性定语从句中。1. My father, who returned from Japan yesterday, is talking with his managers now.2. Mount Blance, _ we visited last year, is the highest mountain in Europe.A) where B) that C) what D) which (D)3. Last night I saw a wonderful film, which is about a British woman in the Second World War.4. Mr. White took us to a small town, where he set up his first factory.5. He picked up the book, the cover _ had been torn.A) of which B) which C) of whose D) of that (A)6. He came very early today, which is rare. ( which 代表整个主句内容)7. He told her nothing, _ upset her.A) that B) all C) which D) as (C) ( which 代表整个主句内容)省略句：为了语言简练，避免重复，省略句中的一个或几个成分，保持意义不变，有时用别的词替代。1. thank you very much. (省略主语 I )2. Some books are easy, some difficult. (省略动词 are )3. Do you know our teachers address? No, I forget. （省略 our teachers address）4. I meant to phone you, but I forgot to. (to 后的动词phone 省略)5. “I usually go to work by bus.” “Why not _ by bike for a change?”A) trying to go B) try going C) to try going D) try go (B)6. “Will another fifty be enough ?”“Just twenty will do.” ( do 替代上文中 be ) 倒装句：如果谓语动词放在主语之前，就称为倒装。1. Here comes the bus. ( 全部倒装 )2. Young as he is, he is experienced. （部分倒装）考试中倒装句的重点如下：修辞倒装A. so 和 nor 引出的句子：1. John is learning Chinese, so are his parents.2. Linda wont be at the dance to night, nor will Peter.3. Man cannot live by bread only, nor can he live without bread.4. “He has finished his homework.” “So have I.”注意： so 用于强调，两个句子主语相同，不要倒装：例如： He is a good student, so he is.(他是一个好学生，确实是（个好学生）)B. only 引出状语放在句首。1. Only in this way can you improve your English.2. Only when he had done it did he come to understand that he had made a mistake.（一般时态句倒装要用助动词 do, does, did 引起倒装）原句：(He came to understand that. Only when . )3. Only if you have a receipt will we change the goods.C. 否定意义的词或词组做状语放句首。1. Not until the game had begun did he arrive at the sports ground.2. Not only did we lose all money, but we also came close to losing our lives.3. No sooner had he arrived home than it began to rain4. Hardly had I get back home when they came to see me.D. 常用句首词： often; always; hardly; seldom; little; never; not; 等1 Often have we seen those boys do good deeds.2 Hardly could I hear him.3 Seldom does she come late to school.倒装测试：1. At no time _, which was more fortunate than her neighbors, suffer from wars and famines.A) the country did not B) did the countryC) the country D) does the country (B) 2. Only in recent years when the global climate is becoming warmer and warmer _ to notice the grave situation of the atmosphere.A) people have begun B) that people beganC) have people begun D) and people do begin (C)3. Only when the surrounding is in absolute silence, _ your heart beats.A) it is possible for you hearing B) may you hearC) than you hear D) that you may hear (B)4. So popular _ among the youngsters that they talked about even imitated the hero and heroine of the story.A) the novel was read B) was the novel readC) did the novel read D) read the novel (B)5. Not only _ the local delicacy he had never tasted but he paid nothing for it with his little trick.A) did the tramp enjoy B) the tramp enjoyC) the tramp did enjoy D) enjoyed the tramp (A)6. He was not so bad as his enemy gossiped, _ as perfect as his advocates flattered.A) nor was he B) he is also notC) neither is he D) nor he is (A)7. _ the force of explosion that all the windows were broken. A) So is B) Such is C) So was D) Such was (D)8. _, but also a poet. A) Churchill not only a statesman was B) Churchill was a statesman not only C) Not only was Churchill a statesman D) Not only Churchill was a statesman (C)9. They have all got up, and _.A) Jack has too B) so has JackC) Jack hasnt D) also has Jack (B)10. No sooner had she found her bag missing _ she cried and shouted loudly.A) when B) than C) before D) while (B) 应试技巧Unit: 词汇与语法做题技巧：考查内容：1。基础语法知识；2。语法能力的运用能力；3。词汇搭配和习惯用法；4。对词义的正确理解；5。交际用语。例如：1. A student _ asleep in class. The teacher had to go up to him and wake up.A) went B) came C) felt D) fell (D)本句考查：固定搭配 fall asleep 2. No one was hurt in the accident, but some people _ from shock.A) looked B) dated C) suffered D) learnt (C)本句考查：动词与介词的搭配 suffer from (遭受。)3. The Smiths dont live here in this neighborhood. They have _ away.A) lived B) moved C) walked D) taken (B)本句考查：动词与副词搭配上下文为 move away (搬走)4. They have _ a number of tests, but are not yet sure what is wrong with it.A) given B) stood C) done D) built (C)本句考查：动词与名词搭配 do a test (做试验)5. And in those days his father used to _ his father with his gardening in the back yard.A) join B) connect C) help D) get (C)本句考查：动词与介词搭配 help sb. with sth. (帮助某人做某事)6. They did everything they could to _ the house as strong as possible.A) build B) make C) paint D) get (B)本句考查：动词宾语宾语补语（形容词）make sth. strong (使。牢固)7. It would be _ of us to pretend the accident never happened.A) slow B) fast C) foolish D) clever (C)本句考查：根据上下文判断，不定式复合结构 ofto V 前面要用一个品质或性格形容词，故选(C). 句型： It is/was + 形容词 + ofto V.8. His _ for being late was that there was a road accident.A) apology B) excuse C) message D) suggestion (B)根据上下文判断A)和B) 名词都可与for 搭配，但与A)意义不配；B)搭配表示“。的原因”。例如：He gave me his excuse for being late.(他向我说明迟到的原因。“9. The terrible accident _ only a block away from here .A) took a place B) took place C) took the place D) took its place (B)本句考查：短语动词的形式：take place (发生)；而take the place (of) (替代。)10. Little _ about his own safety though he was in great danger himself.A) does he care B) did he care C) he care D) he cares (B)本句 little 位句首，句子要倒装，从句中was 为过去时，所以要用did做助动词构成倒装结构。11. He had to finish the work yesterday, _ ?A) hadnt he B) had he C) didnt he D) did he (C)本句考查：反疑问句，前句中动词have to V, have 不作“有“讲，附加疑问句要用助动词do/does/did，前句是肯定句，故后句用否定形式。12. I wish I _ you yesterday. A) seen B) did see C) had seen D) were to see (C) Wish 后要用虚拟语气，过去时表示现在；过去完成时表示过去，句中有副词yesterday, 故选C), 表明过去没有实现的事。Unit: 完型填空做题技巧主要考：词汇、语法、篇章结构。文章字数大约300词，设有1020个空供选择。考点：词汇包括名词、动词、形容词；语法搭配的应用。设题形式：以“点” 、“线”、 “面” 三个层次。“点”最易，“线”中等，“面”最难。“点”考查对知识的记忆：这类题不需对上下文的理解，从空的前后一两个词就能选出正确答案。例如：1. We live in a _ house.A) two-storeyed B) two storeyedC) two-storeys D) two-storeys (A) ( 固定搭配)2. Waiting above the crowded streets, on top of a _ 110 stories high, was Philippe Detit.A) roof B) position C) wall D) building (D)3. Behind the dancer there was a woman _ a large diamond ring.A) carrying B) dressing C) wearing D) holding (C)“线”考查知识的能力：要对空前后一两句文章的理解、判断，选出正确答案。例如： 1.Once she was put in a _ with food hanging from the ceiling.(信息点)A) cave B) zoo C) room D) museum (C)1. One day, our teacher gave us an arithmetic _ to our class when the paper were marked she discoveredA) test B) problem C) paper D) lesson (A)2. I saw, _ my fathers shoulder, a gorilla.A) on B) above C) over D) from (C) over （越过）3. Father took the _ smoking pistol from my hand, and fired another shot A) still B) yet C) even D) already (A) still (仍然)“面”考查知识综合应用和逻辑推理能力。通过上下文的理解，判断、分析。选出正确答案。例如：1. It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs. Clarke was _ tea at the home.A) cooking B) making C) burning D) serving (B) make tea 泡茶2. The house inside London are _. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs a lot of rent.A) large B) small C) more expensive D) cheaper (C)3. There were _ people in the bus and no empty seatsA) many B) a few C) only a few D) few (A)测试题：A. 利用上下文，语义关系：例如： Jeans are the most _ kind of clothes in the world. They are popular almost everywhere. Rich people wear them. Young people and even old people wear them. Why are they popular ? Who made the first jeans.A) nice B) unusual C) popular D) expensive解注：本题中用了两个 popular, 推理选 C) B. 利用词语搭配关系：例如：These days most people, especially young girls, like to look slim. But our grandfathers tastes were different _ ours.A) to B) than C) from D) with解注：本句中 be different 的词组与 from 搭配，选 C)C. 利用语法知识：例如： Nowadays no one seems to enjoy _1_ at fat girls. That is why many companies have developed special foods to help people to slim. A friend _2_ said to me the other day1. A) to look B) looking C) looked D) looks2. A) of me B) of my C) of I D) of mine解注：1）enjoy 要求动名词做宾语，故选 B); 2) “我的一个朋友“表达为 a fried of mine, 例如：a friend of my fathers “我父亲的一个朋友“ 等。D. 利用语义关系：例如： Can you believe it ? There is a world paper shortage. Theres a national bottle shortage, and were running _ raw materials like timber and tinA) up again B) out of C) away from D) into解注：句中 run 短语动词 run out of “用完某物“ 例如，Two weeks passed, they ran out of money. ( 两个星期过去了，他们的钱用光了) one day, she could see two men _ work outside. They were having trouble A) in B) at C) on D) for解注：本句考语义上的惯用法：see sb. at work (看见某人在工作)E. 利用逻辑判断 There were _ people in the bus and no empty seatsA) many B) a few C) only a few D) few解注：根据句中 no empty seats 判断出 A 是正确的答案常考词汇辨析：1. accept （接受） receive(收到)例如：I have received an invitation, but I didnt accept it.2.agree on (在某一点上有相同意见) agree with sb. (同意某人的意见)例如：They finally agreed on the terms of the contract.I quite agree with you/your ideas/what you said.3.add (加，增加)； addto(增加到。)；add up (加起来)；add up to (加起来是。)例如：1.If the tea is too strong, add some hot water.2.I didnt want to add to my mothers misery3.You havent added the figures up right.4.The figures add up to 270.4be angry with sb.(对某人发怒) be angry at sht.（因某事而生气）5arrive in/at; get to + place; reach + place (宾语) 例如： They arrived in Beijing yesterday. When did you get to Beijing? They reached Beijing by special plane on May 10.6.be busy + doing sth.(忙于做某事) be busy with sth.(忙着某事) 例如：He is busy writing his novel. He is busy with his studies7. borrow from lend to sb.例如：borrow money from sb. lend money to sb.8. call on sb. call at + place例如：I called on them this eveningThis train calls at every station. 这列火车每个站都停。9. call for 接（某人）；call up （给。打电话）；call on sb, to do （请某人做某事）10. drop in on sb. drop in at + place11. pay a visit to visit sb/place12. advise sb. to do sth. persuade sb. to do sth.13. happen to take place14. join sb. in take part in attend15. care for take care of look after16. go on to/ doing sth. go on with keep doing sth.17. take; bring; fetch, carry18. fill with be full of19. say, tell, speak, talk20. sb. pay money for sth, sb. spend money on sb spend money/time (in) doing sth. sth. cost sb. + money21. be covered with be covered by例如：The mountains are covered with snow.The ground was covered by water. ( 深入到地底下用by )22. hear; listen to; 例如： Can you hear me? He always listens to the teacher carefully.23. see; look; watch; noticesee 无意识动作： I saw someone sitting there. 习惯用法： see a film/ a doctor24. cross: cross the road/the river pass by sb.25.rise vi raise vt26.wish (祝愿)； hope (希望)； want (想要) expect (盼望) 例如：1. I wish you success. 2. I hope to see you some day. 3. We all expect our teacher to be fine soon.27.find（找到）; find out（弄明白）; look for (寻找) 例如：I found the window broken and I wanted to find out who broke it. He is looking for a job.28discover invent29. have on (穿着)； He had on a blue coat and black trousers. = was wearing Be dressed in : She is dressed in blue. (她穿着一件蓝衣服) = be in blue 动作词： put on(穿上); dress sb.（给某人穿上。）30.stop sb./sth. from doing sth; prevent sb. from doing sth; keep sb. from doing sth. （阻止某人干某事）31prefer to + V 喜欢/宁愿 prefer doing sth (情愿干某事)prefer doing to doing 宁愿。而不愿。 would rather do 宁愿。，would rather dothan do宁愿。而不愿。例如：1.I prefer to stay at home. 2.He prefers watching TV to going cinema. 3.The old man would rather live in the countryside than in the city.32. would like (sb,) to do feel like doing33. look forward to doing pay attention to doing devote oneself to doing be used to doing34. used to do ; be used to doing35. allow sb. to do; allow doing sth. permit; order; require; forbid 例如： He allowed me to use his computer. We dont allow smoking here.常考名词：A.近意词：money, cost, price, value affair, thing; incident, accident; fact, matter; way, road, path; work, jobB.不可数名词：news, information, money, time,C.复合词的复数：a man doctor two men doctors; a woman driver two women drivers 但 an apple tree two apple treesD大量表示： many, a great many, a large/great number of, a number of + 可数名词复数A lot of, lots of , plenty of + 可数或不可数名词A great deal of + 不可数名词Unit: 阅读理解：方法i. 针对性阅读 2。且读且停 3。寻找源头 4。扩大知识面 5。注重首尾 6。应用排除法A.针对性阅读，且读且停: 例如，Chartwell Westerham. Kent TN 16 1PS Tel: 01732 866368Visit the family home where Britains Wartime Prime Minister lived for more than 40 years. See rooms as they were in Churchills time. Recall the 20th century history through photos and books about Churchills colorful life. Visit museum and exhibition rooms with their sound recordings and wonderful collection of Churchills mementos. Enjoy the lovely garden with Golden Rose Walk. See dozens of Churchills paintings in the garden studio where he worked.Open: House, garden and studio 29 March 2 Nor, daily except Mon & Tue, 11 5:30. Last admission 4:30. Also BH Mons 11 5:30. House is by timed ticket for all visitors, including NT members or call at 01732 866388 for more information.1999 admission: Adults 5; children 2.50; family 12.50; groups 20% off, but call at least one day before 01732 868381. Garden & Studio only: 2.5. Mar & Nov; house only 3.Restaurant: 29 March 2 Nov. same days as house, 10:30 5, Mar & Nov. 11 4. Also for Christmas.Shop: 29 March 2 Nov. same days as house, 11 5:30, Mar & Nov. 11 4. Also for Chriatmas.Free Parking:WCS: Behind shopVisitors with disabilities: Please telephone 01732 868381 for special services.Dogs: On leads in ground onlyEvents: 01892, 8910011. What kind of people may be most interested in reading the text ?A) visitors B) students C) businessmen D) government officials (A)2. In what months is Chartwell NOT open to the public ? (针对性阅读)A) January, February and MarchB) December, January and FebruaryC) December, February and MayD) December February and April October (B)3. If you visit Chartwell in groups and want to save some money, you can call in advance at _.A) 01732 866368 B) 01732 868381C) 01892 891001 D) 01732 866388 (B) (提前一天打电话)解注：且读且做：1 题：Visitors 2题： open 3 题： 1999 ticketsB. 抓住主题思想：常用的句型：1 Whats the general topic of the passage ?2 The best title for this passage ?3 The main idea of this passage is 4 What is the passage about 5 What does this passage mainly discuss ?例如： County fairs appeal to the entire family. Children are attracted by the ferries, wheels and merry-go-rounds. Dad and grandpa are interested in seeing the livestock exhibits, while Mom and grandma want to find out if their preserved fruits and vegetables have won a blue ribbon. Later, the entire family will enjoy themselves on the midway, testing their sharp-shooting skills or tossing pennies in the games of chance.1. What is the topic of this paragraph ?A) the entire family B) Exhibits C) Games D) County fairs注解：本段文章讲述“一家人” How they enjoy themselves at county fairs.”故选 A2. What is the main paragraph ?A) parents enjoy county fairs. B) County fairs are purely American events.C) County fairs are sports events. D) People of all ages have fun at county fairs.注解：D 合本段主题句“ County fairs appeal to the entire family. )C. 推理引申 You remember from history books that when the United States was formed there were only thirteen states. These were thirteen colonies which in 1776 had declared their independence from Great Britain and fought a seven-year War of Independence.1. The War of Independence ended in _.A) 1783 B) 1776 C) 1769 D) 1959 (A) （1776 7 = 1783 ）D. 注重首尾句、扩大知识面： If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic Ocean, your ship enters a different time zone every day. 4. From this paragraph it seems true that the Atlantic Ocean _ .A) is in one time zone B) is divided into twenty-four zonesC) is divided into five time zones D) cannot be cross in five days (C)The International Date Line is the name for _.A).the beginning of any new time zoneB).any point where time changes by one hourC).the point where a new day beginsD) any time zone in the Pacific Ocean (C)Unit:写作方法1. 考试要求成人高考专升本英语试卷第五部分为短文写作题，共有1个小题，满分20分。要求考生根据题目或所给情景、段首句写出一篇80词左右的短文。要求能够正确表达思想，意义连贯，无重大语言错误。写作的内容包括日常生活、一般常识和私人信件。体裁以记叙文为主。2. 解题技巧 (1)审题审题在作文中是一项极其重要的关键性环节。它是指根据提示部分所给的信息和作文题目及自己所掌握的知识和实践来分析、理解问题并判断出题人的意图。只有审题正确，才能保证文章按照要求顺利进行;否则，盲目下笔或审题不仔细，作文还未开始就已注定你要失去大半分数。这种情况已令无数考生后悔莫及。因此，下笔前在文章题目上花费一番功夫是物有所值，收效事半功倍。审题的第一步是看到文章题目后确定文章体裁，即要确认所要完成的作文是说明文、记叙文

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